Linking sub-cellular biomarkers to embryo aberrations in the benthic amphipod Monoporeia affinis

Reutgard, Martin; Furuhagen, Sara

doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.01.005

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…At the same time, a multivariate analysis showed that the embryo malformation frequency was significantly affected by the combined effect of eutrophication, hypoxia, and increased trace metal and hydrocarbon concentrations in the sediment . In other studies, oxygen deficiency alone has not been observed to give rise to malformations in amphipod embryos but it has been shown to increase the effects of contaminants on the embryos (Gorokhova et al 2013;Reutgard and Furuhagen 2016). In addition, food deficiency may result in low fecundity in adult amphipods or arrested embryo development (Sundelin et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Coupled Application of Antioxidant Defense Response and Embryo Development in Amphipod Crustaceans in the Assessment of Sediment Toxicity

Berezina

Lehtonen

Ahvo

2019

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Survival rate, frequency of malformed embryos, and antioxidant defense system responses in the benthic amphipod Gmelinoides fasciatus from the Baltic Sea were measured to examine the effects of toxic sediments, and to assess the usefulness of these endpoints in sediment toxicity biotesting. A highly contaminated sediment sample from the Baltic Sea was diluted with sediment from a clean site to come up with a series of 5 test sediments with dilutions from 1:32 to 1:1024, and the reference sediment. The 1:32 dilution of the test sediment was analyzed for organotins (2862 µg tin [Sn] kg dry wt –1), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (6064 µg kg dry wt –1), and selected trace metals (e.g., copper 352 mg kg dry wt –1). The survival rate of G. fasciatus (10‐d toxicity test) was 100% in the reference and 1:1024 treatments, and began to decline from the 1:256 dilution onward. In a 28‐d experiment, various types of morphological malformations were observed in 11 to 80% of the amphipod embryos in the 1:64, 1:128, and 1:256 dilutions, with only <5% in the reference treatment. Also, elevated activities in the antioxidant defense system enzymes glutathione S‐transferase and catalase were observed in amphipods exposed to the contaminated sediments compared with the reference treatment, with responses at lower contamination levels compared with the appearance of malformations in the embryos. The results obtained illustrate the effectiveness of the combined application of embryonic malformations and antioxidant defense system biomarkers in amphipods in the assessment of sediment toxicity, and potentially also of sublethal effects of chemical contamination in aquatic ecosystems. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2020–2031. © 2019 SETAC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Coupled Application of Antioxidant Defense Response and Embryo Development in Amphipod Crustaceans in the Assessment of Sediment Toxicity

Berezina

Lehtonen

Ahvo

2019

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…They can also help in establishing cause–effect relationships, particularly when combined with ecologically relevant endpoints (such as embryo viability; e.g. [ 33 , 70 ]). In the context of environmental monitoring and ecological risk assessment, these relationships can be useful for detecting in situ stress on a population level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The amphipods were exposed to the experimental sediments (reference versus contaminated) in 2 l mesocosms (Erlenmeyer flasks, seven replicates per treatment) for three months. The flasks were covered with green plastic film to simulate natural light conditions at 20–30 m depth; see Reutgard and Furuhagen [ 33 ] for details. Air and water temperatures were kept at 4°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mesocosms received a continuous flow of brackish water (3.6 ml min −1 ). To prevent food deficiency, 245 mg of Tetraphyll®, a commercial fish food commonly used as a positive control in feeding experiments [ 33 , 34 ], was added to each mesocosm after 42 days of exposure; this amount corresponds to 14 g C m −2 input of high-quality organic matter, which would represent high-level feeding conditions [ 34 ]. The incubation was terminated in mid-January, after 88–95 days of exposure.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isotopic niche reflects stress-induced variability in physiological status

et al. 2018

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The isotopic niche has become an established concept in trophic ecology. However, the assumptions behind this approach have rarely been evaluated. Evidence is accumulating that physiological stress can affect both magnitude and inter-individual variability of the isotopic signature in consumers via alterations in metabolic pathways. We hypothesized that stress factors (inadequate nutrition, parasite infestations, and exposure to toxic substances or varying oxygen conditions) might lead to suboptimal physiological performance and altered stable isotope signatures. The latter can be misinterpreted as alterations in isotopic niche. This hypothesis was tested by inducing physiological stress in the deposit-feeding amphipod Monoporeia affinis exposed to either different feeding regimes or contaminated sediments. In the amphipods, we measured body condition indices or reproductive output to assess growth status and δ13C and δ15N values to derive isotope niche metrics. As hypothesized, greater isotopic niche estimates were derived for the stressed animals compared to the control groups. Moreover, the δ15N values were influenced by body size, reproductive status and parasite infestations, while δ13C values were influenced by body size, oxygen conditions and survival. Using regression analysis with isotope composition and growth variables as predictors, we were able to discriminate between the amphipods exposed to nutritionally or chemically stressful conditions and those in the control groups. Thus, interpretation of isotopic niche can be confounded by natural or anthropogenic stressors that may induce an apparent change in isotopic niche. These findings stress the importance of including measures of growth and health status when evaluating stable isotope data in food web studies.

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“…The vast taxonomic diversity of amphipods is reflected in the variety of their ecological roles and feeding strategies including detritivory, omnivory, suspension feeding, necrophagy, herbivory and carnivory (Amsler M. et al, 2009). This ecological heterogeneity causes varying levels of sensitivity to different stressors in amphipods (Skilleter et al, 2005;Amsler M. et al, 2009;Reutgard and Furuhagen, 2016). Changes in amphipod community structure can give relatively precise accounts of environmental conditions, including pollution (Conlan, 1994;Hasenbein et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sponge-Associated Amphipod Communities as Bioindicators for Pollution

Hauke¹

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<p>Pollution negatively impacts organisms across all marine ecosystems. Coastal areas are particularly vulnerable to pollution due to their proximity to human settlements. Amphipods are commonly used as bioindicators to monitor pollution burdens, due to their high sensitivities and their ubiquity. Pollution can reduce amphipod abundance, species richness, evenness and diversity. Community structure, proportionality of adults to juveniles and sex ratios may also be affected. Sponges often harbour high densities of amphipods, offering food, refuge and nurseries to their symbionts. Sponge-associated amphipods differ in their level of specialization on their host. This study provides first insights into the usefulness of sponge-associated amphipod communities as bioindicators. For this, it hypothesized that amphipod densities, species diversity, community structure, sex ratio and age proportionality will differ according to pollution levels. To test this, sponges were collected from three sites with varying degrees of pollution in Wellington Harbour. The sponges were weighed, and their volume was measured. They were dissected and their amphipods were identified to species level, counted, measured (length) and their sex and life cycle stage (adult or juvenile) were recorded. From this data, amphipod densities, species richness, evenness and Shannon-Wiener diversity indices were calculated and compared among pollution levels. Community structure was also compared between sites and sponge species. Pollution level significantly affected species richness, evenness, diversity and community structure. The highest values for species richness, evenness and diversity were found in sponges from the least polluted. The lowest levels of these factors were found in sponges from the most polluted site. Sponges from the intermediate site generally harboured moderate richness, evenness and diversity compared to the other sites. Community composition was significantly affected by pollution, although effect sizes differed between sponge species. Higher pollution levels seemed to favour dominance of species that are better adapted to living in sponges. Generalists seemed to thrive in low to intermediate pollution levels. The majority of sex ratios measured had a female bias, which appeared to increase with increasing pollution although the difference was not statistically significant. The proportion of adults also showed a non-significant increase with pollution level. There was no significant difference in amphipod abundance per litre of sponge tissue between pollution levels, possibly because pollution levels may have been too low to cause a reduction in amphipod density. These results show that sponge-associated amphipod communities are useful as bioindicators, as amphipod diversity, richness and evenness were significantly reduced by pollution and the sponge association allows for these community-scale comparisons to be made within an easily measurable framework. Species evenness in particular provided an accurate indication of different pollution levels.</p>

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Linking sub-cellular biomarkers to embryo aberrations in the benthic amphipod Monoporeia affinis

Cited by 8 publications

References 40 publications

Coupled Application of Antioxidant Defense Response and Embryo Development in Amphipod Crustaceans in the Assessment of Sediment Toxicity

Coupled Application of Antioxidant Defense Response and Embryo Development in Amphipod Crustaceans in the Assessment of Sediment Toxicity

Isotopic niche reflects stress-induced variability in physiological status

Sponge-Associated Amphipod Communities as Bioindicators for Pollution

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