Linking smokers to a quitline: randomized controlled effectiveness trial of a support person intervention that targets non-smokers

Patten, Christi A.; Boyle, Raymond; Tinkelman, David G.; Brockman, Tabetha A.; Lukowski, Amy V.; Decker, Paul A.; D’Silva, Joanne; Lichtenstein, Edward

doi:10.1093/her/cyx050

Cited by 12 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…For all three study waves, existing written materials ( Patten et al, 2017 ) were provided to SPs: (1) National Cancer Institute Clearing the Air brochure that SPs could share with their smoker, (2) tri-fold brochure containing tips on supportive behaviors and statements, (3) information sheet on nicotine dependence including nicotine withdrawal, and (4) a description of quitline services.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both SP and smoker participants completed a baseline measure taking about 5–15 min to complete. The measure assessed socio-demographic characteristics: age, income, employment, race, ethnicity, gender, education, marital status ( Patten et al, 2017 ). SPs were additionally asked about their prior tobacco use and dyad characteristics: type of relationship (e.g., spouse) and if they currently resided with their smoker ( Patten et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent observational studies of racially diverse, low-income smokers indicate the potential role of social support, as well as interpersonal communications within social networks, for increasing quitting motivation and cessation behaviors ( Meijer et al, 2016 ; Parks & Kim, 2018 ; Patten et al, 2016 ). A prior randomized, controlled, effectiveness trial found that a phone coaching intervention delivered to nonsmoking support persons (SPs) was effective for increasing smoker use of a state quitline, with both one or three coaching calls more effective than a control condition (14.6%, 14.8%, and 6.4% respectively) ( Patten et al, 2017 ). However, that study engaged SPs with high socioeconomic status and 95% were white.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Support person interventions to increase use of quitline services among racially diverse low-income smokers: A pilot study

Patten

Vickerman

et al. 2019

Addictive Behaviors Reports

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Introduction Social support from nonsmokers may have a role in prompting smokers to use evidence-based cessation treatment. Prior studies found that an intervention for nonsmoking support persons (SPs) was effective for promoting smokers' use of free, state quitline services. This pilot study adapted and assessed feasibility of this intervention for a racially diverse, low-income population. Methods Single group, non-randomized design enrolling SP-smoker dyads with low income status enrolled in one of three study “waves” of 10 pairs each. Participants were recruited using flyers and in-person outreach methods. The SP intervention included a 1-session coaching call and written materials; study waves 2 and 3 also included text messaging and a monetary incentive for smokers who used quitline services. Using content analysis, the intervention was iteratively adapted based on SP feedback. Baseline measures assessed socio-demographics, dyad and tobacco use characteristics. Follow-up assessments were conducted among SPs at 1-month follow-up and among smokers at 3-months follow-up. Feasibility indicators were recruitment, retention, and SP intervention acceptability and adherence. Secondary outcomes were smokers' use of any quitline service verified by quitline staff and 7-day, point prevalence, biochemically verified smoking abstinence at 3 months. Results Recruitment of 30 dyads was feasible; in-person recruitment methods were the most successful. SPs who completed follow-up assessments found the intervention acceptable, suggesting only minor content modifications, and they perceived the quitline information as novel. But the study had some feasibility challenges (e.g., SP coaching call completion: 60% and SP study retention: 53%). At 3 months, 2 smokers (7%) had used any quitline service and 13% were biochemically confirmed smoking abstinent. Conclusions This pilot study demonstrated feasibility of recruiting SP-smoker dyads from diverse, low-income communities. While the intervention was well received, its delivery was not feasible in this population. Results suggest that further consumer adaptation of the intervention is needed among both SPs and smokers.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Support person interventions to increase use of quitline services among racially diverse low-income smokers: A pilot study

Patten

Vickerman

et al. 2019

Addictive Behaviors Reports

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“…The rationale being to assess attitudes towards SLT use and enhance them during the intervention. Support person (non-users) intervention has been found to be effective in promoting quitting in users 29 .…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, evidence suggests that continued smoking undermines patients' individual efforts to quit and hence there is a need to consider the patientfamily member dyad in the context of tobacco cessation [27][28] . Studies using dyadic involvement with targeted education of the family member regarding illness state and impact of smoking on health have found better patient engagement with quitline services 29 , overall better smoking cessation rates 30 and increased supportive behaviour of the family members towards the patient 31 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brief Intervention for Tobacco when Diagnosed with Oral Cancer (BITDOC): Study protocol of a randomized clinical trial studying efficacy of brief tobacco cessation intervention, Chhattisgarh, India

Singh¹,

Arora²,

Tikka³

et al. 2020

Tob. Prev. Cessation

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INTRODUCTION Tobacco use is a major causative factor for cancer. Cessation programs along with diagnosis of cancer as a motivating factor may improve quitting rates in patients. This is a protocol of a study that aims to assess the efficacy of brief tobacco cessation intervention (compared to treatment as usual, TAU) on pattern and attitudes towards tobacco chewing in newly diagnosed head and neck cancer patients and their relatives. METHODS The proposed study will be conducted in two phases. Phase 1 will include 105 dyads of patients and relatives and shall assess patterns (amount, frequency, duration of use and dependence etc.) and knowledge and attitudes (quitting, continued use, health-behavioural modifications, long-term effects on treatment etc.) towards tobacco chewing in newly diagnosed head and neck cancer patients using smokeless tobacco and their relatives. Sample will be recruited from outpatients attending the ear, nose, throat and head and neck surgery department of a tertiary health care institute. Phase 2 will be a randomized trial that will compare the efficacy of the 'Brief Intervention for Tobacco when Diagnosed with Oral Cancer' (BITDOC) and TAU, and will include 27 dyads in each of the two groups. Intervention will be delivered in three sessions, based on the principles of motivational interviewing and the 3As model. CONCLUSIONS This study will help in the evaluation of the attitude towards smokeless tobacco (SLT) in a population that has faced the adverse consequences from its use and changes brought by a diagnosis of HNC. It will also help in developing a cost-effective model for promotion of smoking cessation.

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Assessment and Counseling Gaps Among Former Smokers Eligible for Lung Cancer Screening in US Adults

2022

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Background Lung cancer screening (LCS) for former and current smokers requires that current smokers are counseled on tobacco treatment. In the USA, over 4 million former smokers are estimated to be eligible for LCS based on self-report for “not smoking now.” Tobacco use and exposure can be measured with the biomarker cotinine, a nicotine metabolite reflecting recent exposure. Objective To examine predictors of tobacco use and exposure among self-reported former smokers eligible for LCS. Design Cross-sectional study using the 2013–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Participants Former smokers eligible for LCS (n = 472). Main Measures Recent tobacco use was defined as reported tobacco use in the past 5 days or a cotinine level above the race/ethnic cut points for tobacco use. Recent tobacco exposure was measured among former smokers without recent tobacco use and defined as having a cotinine level above 0.05 ng/mL. Key Results One in five former smokers eligible for LCS, totaling 1,416,485 adults, had recent tobacco use (21.4%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 15.8%, 27.0%), with about a third each using cigarettes, e-cigarettes, or other tobacco products. Among former smokers without recent tobacco use, over half (53.0%, 95% CI: 44.6%, 61.4%) had cotinine levels indicating recent tobacco exposure. Certain subgroups had higher percentages for tobacco use or exposure, especially those having quit within the past 3 years or living with a household smoker. Conclusions Former smokers eligible for LCS should be asked about recent tobacco use and exposure and considered for cotinine testing. Nearly 1.5 million “former smokers” eligible for LCS may be current tobacco users who have been missed for counseling. The high percentage of “passive smokers” is at least double that of the general nonsmoking population. Counseling about the harms of tobacco use and exposure and resources is needed.

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Linking smokers to a quitline: randomized controlled effectiveness trial of a support person intervention that targets non-smokers

Cited by 12 publications

References 42 publications

Support person interventions to increase use of quitline services among racially diverse low-income smokers: A pilot study

Support person interventions to increase use of quitline services among racially diverse low-income smokers: A pilot study

Brief Intervention for Tobacco when Diagnosed with Oral Cancer (BITDOC): Study protocol of a randomized clinical trial studying efficacy of brief tobacco cessation intervention, Chhattisgarh, India

Assessment and Counseling Gaps Among Former Smokers Eligible for Lung Cancer Screening in US Adults

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