Linking sedimentological and spatial analysis to assess the impact of the forestry industry on soil loss: The case of Lanalhue Basin, Chile

Alaniz, Alberto J.; Abarzúa, Ana M.; Martel-Cea, Alejandra; Jarpa, Leonora; Hernández, Marjorie; Aquino‐López, Marco A.; Smith‐Ramírez, Cecilia

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2021.105660

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…On the other hand, the expansion of Escallonia under low fire activity in Verde Lake after 1800 CE can be interpreted as an increase of forest exploitation in the area (Montaldo, 1974). In the last 40 years we evidenced a dramatic increase of Pinaceae (Pinus/Pseudotsuga) in both pollen records, which is directly associated with the expansion of the forestry industry, starting in the early 1980s in south-central Chile (Alaniz et al, 2021;Lara et al, 2012).…”

Section: Relative Abundances (%)mentioning

confidence: 90%

Fire–climate–human dynamics over the last 1800 years in the mesic Araucaria‐Nothofagus forests

Martel‐Cea,

Abarzúa,

González

et al. 2024

Journal of Biogeography

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AimFew palaeoenvironmental studies have been performed in Araucaria‐Nothofagus forests, which are highly vulnerable to ongoing threats from climate change and anthropogenic activities. The primary goal of this work is to reconstruct past environmental changes related to fire disturbances over the last 1800 years in Tolhuaca National Park (TNP), Chile.LocationTNP, Araucanian region (38.2°S; 71.8°W), Northwestern Patagonia, Chile.TaxaAraucaria araucana (Araucariaceae), Nothofagus spp. (Nothofagaceae).MethodsWe completed charcoal and pollen analyses to create two new palaeoecological records that span 1800 years. We compared the lake‐based reconstruction with the available local tree‐ring fire scar chronologies from the last 430 years. Using these data, we compute forest index changes, biomass burning trends and compare with estimates of archaeological radiocarbon density. We place our inferences with context of published regional palaeoclimatic proxies from the Patagonian‐Andean region.ResultsOur results showed that fire activity was higher than present between 200 and 1500 CE, with peaks around 200–400 CE and 1100–1500 CE. Periods with high fire activity are associated with reduced forest cover, as Araucaria declined when mixed‐severity fire regime occurred for extended periods. Pollen assemblages suggested a shift from dry to wet climate conditions at 1500 CE, and from 1750 CE onward, the arrival of exotic species reflected the land‐use changes related to forest clearance and transhumance practices.Main ConclusionsThe palaeoenvironmental reconstructions showed changes in vegetation, fire and climate over the past 1800 years in TNP. Wildfires have been the main disturbance process modifying the vegetation structure in the Araucaria and Nothofagus forests. Since 1750 CE intensive post‐Hispanic land‐use changes (forest clearances by fire and logging) took place in the study area, reducing the native vegetation cover. Climate variability, modulated by SAM‐like and ENSO‐like conditions, influenced the fire activity (availability and flammability of fuels), concomitantly with high archaeological density. The recent (after 2000 CE) increase of catastrophic wildfires may negatively affect the conservation strategies of Araucaria‐Nothofagus forests.

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Section: Relative Abundances (%)mentioning

confidence: 90%

Fire–climate–human dynamics over the last 1800 years in the mesic Araucaria‐Nothofagus forests

Martel‐Cea,

Abarzúa,

González

et al. 2024

Journal of Biogeography

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“…Swamp forest remnants can be affected by human action through their replacement by exotic forest plantations (Burris and Skagen 2012;San Martín et al 1988). Erosion and sediment transport is higher in areas with exotic forest plantations compared to native forests, mainly in clear-cut areas (Alaniz et al 2021). Sediments eroded from upland soils accumulate in wetland basins and decrease their volume, affecting their hydrological and ecological functions (Tangen and Gleason 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of Swamp Forest Fragments for the Habitat and Conservation of Vertebrates

Arriagada

Fuentes

2023

Preprint

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The Temu-Pitra swamp forests in Chile support great biodiversity, however, they are highly threatened by anthropic disturbances that increase the dragging of sediments. Between 2020 and 2021 we recorded vertebrates in a swamp forest fragment in southern Chile, and identified 41 species of birds and eight mammals. Nine species of birds and two species of mammals are strictly aquatic and have greater dependence for their survival on the remnant of swamp forest studied. This swamp forest fragment provides critical habitat for strictly aquatic birds and mammals, but also for terrestrial species (birds and carnivores) with extensive home ranges. The swamp forest is inserted in a sub-basin forest matrix that threatens its conservation, through the dragging and deposition of sediment in the bodies of water. Although the swamp forest fragment studied presented a less diverse vertebrate community compared to other local wetlands, we suggest that it plays an important role in the conservation of these vertebrates in southern Chile, where the development of forestry activity continues to produce fragmentation and loss of habitat, in addition to the deterioration of water resources.

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Positive perceptions and memories of invasive Acacia species in central Chile coupled with high willingness for its control

Naranjo-Smith,

Cerda,

Rendón-Funes

et al. 2024

Biol Invasions

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Linking sedimentological and spatial analysis to assess the impact of the forestry industry on soil loss: The case of Lanalhue Basin, Chile

Cited by 9 publications

References 80 publications

Fire–climate–human dynamics over the last 1800 years in the mesic Araucaria‐Nothofagus forests

Fire–climate–human dynamics over the last 1800 years in the mesic Araucaria‐Nothofagus forests

Importance of Swamp Forest Fragments for the Habitat and Conservation of Vertebrates

Positive perceptions and memories of invasive Acacia species in central Chile coupled with high willingness for its control

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