Linking Metabolism to Membrane Signaling: The GABA–Malate Connection

Gilliham, Matthew; Tyerman, Stephen D.

doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2015.11.011

Cited by 108 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Given that EBCs represent about a quarter of the total leaf volume (see the preceding texts), the estimated concentration of GABA in EBC should be therefore at least 10‐fold higher than in brushed leaf blade, that is about 5–6 m m . This is clearly within the physiological range for reported effects of GABA on ion channels activity in plants (Shabala et al ,b; Ramesh et al ; Gilliham and Tyerman ) and can therefore modulate salt loading into EBC, as shown in Fig. .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Epidermal bladder cells confer salinity stress tolerance in the halophyte quinoa and Atriplex species

Kiani‐Pouya

Roessner

Jayasinghe

et al. 2017

Plant Cell & Environment

115

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Epidermal bladder cells (EBCs) have been postulated to assist halophytes in coping with saline environments. However, little direct supporting evidence is available. Here, Chenopodium quinoa plants were grown under saline conditions for 5 weeks. One day prior to salinity treatment, EBCs from all leaves and petioles were gently removed by using a soft cosmetic brush and physiological, ionic and metabolic changes in brushed and non-brushed leaves were compared. Gentle removal of EBC neither initiated wound metabolism nor affected the physiology and biochemistry of control-grown plants but did have a pronounced effect on salt-grown plants, resulting in a salt-sensitive phenotype. Of 91 detected metabolites, more than half were significantly affected by salinity. Removal of EBC dramatically modified these metabolic changes, with the biggest differences reported for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), proline, sucrose and inositol, affecting ion transport across cellular membranes (as shown in electrophysiological experiments). This work provides the first direct evidence for a role of EBC in salt tolerance in halophytes and attributes this to (1) a key role of EBC as a salt dump for external sequestration of sodium; (2) improved K retention in leaf mesophyll and (3) EBC as a storage space for several metabolites known to modulate plant ionic relations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Epidermal bladder cells confer salinity stress tolerance in the halophyte quinoa and Atriplex species

Kiani‐Pouya

Roessner

Jayasinghe

et al. 2017

Plant Cell & Environment

115

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“…In parallel, as we have argued, once we have gained a more complete understanding of the exact function of the metabolites themselves, in a range of tissues and cellular circumstances, adoption of synthetic biology approaches may prove a more effective way of rationally engineering their levels. While the synthetic biology approach may well circumvent problems associated with feedback regulation of the plants’ native enzymes, another aspect that will need a great deal of attention is the fact that several of the intermediates of, or intimately related to, the TCA cycle have recently been demonstrated to have signaling functions (Finkemeier et al ; Timm et al ; Gilliham and Tyerman ). Bearing this in mind, the idea of expressing synthetic metabolons may well ultimately represent the best practice for engineering plant metabolism with as great a precision as possible.…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Prospects At Modifying Plant Productimentioning

confidence: 99%

On the role of the tricarboxylic acid cycle in plant productivity

Zhang

Fernie

2018

JIPB

136

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The tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle is one of the canonical energy pathways of living systems, as well as being an example of a pathway in which dynamic enzyme assemblies, or metabolons, are well characterized. The role of the enzymes have been the subject of saturated transgenesis approaches, whereby the expression of the constituent enzymes were reduced or knocked out in order to ascertain their in vivo function. Some of the resultant plants exhibited improved photosynthesis and plant growth, under controlled greenhouse conditions. In addition, overexpression of the endogenous genes, or heterologous forms of a number of the enzymes, has been carried out in tomato fruit and the roots of a range of species, and in some instances improvement in fruit yield and postharvest properties and plant performance, under nutrient limitation, have been reported, respectively. Given a number of variants, in nature, we discuss possible synthetic approaches involving introducing these variants, or at least a subset of them, into plants. We additionally discuss the likely consequences of introducing synthetic metabolons, wherein certain pairs of reactions are artificially permanently assembled into plants, and speculate as to future strategies to further improve plant productivity by manipulation of the core metabolic pathway.

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“…Detailed information on metabolism and functions of GABA in plants was described in an earlier review (Shelp and others 1999). In recent years, the role of GABA as a signal molecule in plant tissue has also been reported (Bouché and Fromm 2004;Ramesh and others 2015;Gilliham and Tyerman 2016).…”

mentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Several scientific studies have shown evidence that GABA plays a key role in multiple physiological processes in plants such as carbon and nitrogen metabolism, cytosolic pH regulation, nitrogen storage, defense against pests, plant microbe interactions, protection against oxidative stress, osmotic regulation, as well as normal growth and development (Shelp and others 1999;Bouché and Fromm 2004;Gilliham and Tyerman 2016). Detailed information on metabolism and functions of GABA in plants was described in an earlier review (Shelp and others 1999).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Innovative Processing on γ‐Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Contents in Plant Food Materials

Poojary

Dellarosa

Roohinejad

et al. 2017

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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Over the last several decades, γ -aminobutyric acid (GABA) has attracted much attention due to its diverse physiological implications in plants, animals, and microorganisms. GABA naturally occurs in plant materials and its concentrations may vary considerably, from traces up to μmol/g (dry basis) depending on plant matrix, germination stage, and processing conditions, among other factors. However, due to its important biological activities, considerable interest has been shown by both food and pharmaceutical industries to improve its concentration in plants. Natural and conventional treatments such as mechanical and cold stimulation, anoxia, germination, enzyme treatment, adding exogenous glutamic acid (Glu) or gibberellins, and bacterial fermentation have been shown effective to increase the GABA concentration in several plant materials. However, some of these treatments can modify the nutritional, organoleptic, and/or functional properties of plants. Recent consumer demand for food products which are "healthy," safe and, having added benefits (nutraceuticals/functional components) has led to explore new ways to improve the content of bioactive compounds while maintaining desirable organoleptic and physicochemical properties. Along this line, nonthermal processing technologies (such as high-pressure processing, pulsed electric fields, and ultrasound, among others) have been shown as means to induce the biosynthesis and accumulation of GABA in plant foods; and the main findings so far reported are presented in this review. Moreover, the most novel tools for the identification of metabolic response in plant materials based on GABA analysis will be also described.

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Linking Metabolism to Membrane Signaling: The GABA–Malate Connection

Cited by 108 publications

References 64 publications

Epidermal bladder cells confer salinity stress tolerance in the halophyte quinoa and Atriplex species

Epidermal bladder cells confer salinity stress tolerance in the halophyte quinoa and Atriplex species

On the role of the tricarboxylic acid cycle in plant productivity

Influence of Innovative Processing on γ‐Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Contents in Plant Food Materials

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