Linking mechanical properties of silanes to their chemical structure: an analytical study of γ-GPS solutions and films

Bertelsen, C. M.; Boerio, F. J.

doi:10.1016/s0300-9440(01)00135-7

Cited by 75 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…5, spectrum 3). A similar shape of the Si-O-Si band obtained in the FTIR spectrum of GPTMS deposited on aluminium [23] was an indication that silane hydrolysed into a silanol species but did not condense to high molecular weight to any significant extent. According to the investigations of Demijen et al [19] a large part of GPTES remains on the surface of calcium carbonate filler after extraction probably due to the role of the epoxy ring in the adsorption process.…”

Section: Characterization Of Caco 3 Fillerssupporting

confidence: 63%

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Silane pre-treatment of calcium carbonate nanofillers for polyurethane composites

et al. 2004

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In this work we have investigated the effects of CaCO 3 nanofiller pretreatment on the properties of polyurethane (PU) composites prepared by a mixing procedure. The aim was to enhance interactions at the matrix/filler interface and to improve the distribution of the filler in the polyurethane matrix. CaCO 3 nanofiller was treated with two different functional trialkoxysilanes, viz. γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (AMPTES) and γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS). Fourier transform IR spectroscopy of the pre-treated CaCO 3 surface indicates that AMPTES formed a high-molecular-weight ladder-type structure on the CaCO 3 surface, while GPTMS was adsorbed in the form of a lower-molecular-weight oligomeric structure. Increased ultimate tensile strength and elongation were obtained for PU + CaCO 3 nanocomposites with silane pre-treated filler. This can be explained as the consequence of better stress transfer through the composite, observed on scanning electron micrographs, due to an improved adhesion between PU matrix and silane-treated fillers. The reinforcement effect is more pronounced for PU composites with aminosilane-treated CaCO 3 filler in comparison to filler treated with glycidoxysilane.

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Section: Characterization Of Caco 3 Fillerssupporting

confidence: 63%

“…By taking into account our results and results in literature [17,19,23], it seems that GPTMS formed at the surface of CaCO 3 nanofiller a very complex adsorbed layer with lower-molecular-weight probably polycyclic structures.…”

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confidence: 72%

Silane pre-treatment of calcium carbonate nanofillers for polyurethane composites

et al. 2004

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“…Several theories have been proposed to explain the effect of heat treatment on the silane film: a) an enhanced inability of water to diffuse through the silane film due to increased cross-linking [5,19], b) oven heating could ensure complete bond formation between the silica matrix and the silane, resulting in oligomerization [19,20], c) evaporate solvent and volatilize products formed during condensation of the silanol groups in dry condition, could create large internal pressure gradients [9,21,22], and d) heating at 100°C could consolidate 3 regions of silane film into a innermost region without any interphase region [22]. The last theory was not in accordance with the results obtained in this study (Why?…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface characterization of feldspathic ceramic using ATR FT-IR and ellipsometry after various silanization protocols

et al. 2012

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OBJECTIVES: This study characterized the feldspathic ceramic surfaces after various silanization protocols. METHODS: Ceramic bars (2 mm × 4 mm × 10 mm) (N = 18) of feldpathic ceramic (VM7, VITA Zahnfabrik) were manufactured and finished. Before silane application, the specimens were ultrasonically cleaned in distilled water for 10 min. The ceramic specimens were randomly divided into nine groups (N = 2 per group) and were treated with different silane protocols. MPS silane (ESPE-Sil, 3M ESPE) was applied to all specimens and left to react at 20°C for 2 min (G20). After drying, the specimens were subjected to heat treatment in an oven at 38°C (G38), 79°C (G79) or 100°C (G100) for 1 min. Half of the specimens of each group were rinsed with water at 80°C for 15s (G20B, G38B, G79B, G100B). The control group (GC) received no silane. Attenuated total reflection infrared Fourier transform analysis (ATR FT-IR) was performed using a spectrometer. Thickness of silane layer was measured using a spectroscopic ellipsometer working in the = 632.8 nm (He-Ne laser) at 70°incidence angle. Surface roughness was evaluated using an optical profilometer. Specimens were further analyzed under the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to observe the topographic patterns. RESULTS: ATR FT-IR analysis showed changes in Si-O peaks with enlarged bands around 940 cm(-1). Ellipsometry measurements showed that all post-heat treatment actions reduced the silane film thickness (30.8-33.5 nm) compared to G20 (40 nm). The groups submitted to rinsing in hot water (B groups) showed thinner silane films (9.8-14.4 nm) than those of their corresponding groups (without washing) (30.8-40 nm). Profilometer analysis showed that heat treatments (Ra 0.10-0.19 m; Rq 0.15-0.26 m) provided a smoother surface than the control group (Ra 0.48 m; Rq 0.65 m). Similar patterns were also observed in SEM images. SIGNIFICANCE: Heat treatment after MPS silane application improved the silane layer network. Rinsing with boiling water eliminated the outmost unreacted regions of the silane yielding to thinner film thicknesses. ABSTRACTObjectives. This study characterized the feldspathic ceramic surfaces after various silanization protocols.Methods. Ceramic bars (2 mm x 4 mm x 10 mm) (N=18) of feldpathic ceramic (VM7, VITA Zahnfabrik) were manufactured and finished. Before silane application, the specimens were ultrasonically cleaned in distilled water for 10 min. The ceramic specimens were randomly divided into nine groups (n=2 per group) and were treated with different silane protocols. MPS silane (ESPE-Sil, 3M ESPE) was applied to all specimens and left to react at 20°C for 1 min (G20). After drying, the specimens were subjected to heat treatment in an oven at 38°C (G38), 79°C (G79) or 100°C (G100) for 1 min. Half of the specimens of each group were rinsed with water at 38°C, 79°C, 100°C for 15 s (G38B, G79B, G100B). The control group (GC) received no silane. Attenuated total reflection infrared Fourier transform analysis (ATR FT-IR) was performed using a spectrom...

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“…2a. An obvious absorption peak presented around 1040-1120/cm, which was attributed to y as (Si-O-Si) [20], was observed in the spectrum. It indicates a film with Si-O-Si structure has deposited on the surface of the EN coating.…”

Section: Microstructure Analysismentioning

confidence: 94%

Preparation and characterization of inorganic and organic coatings on AZ91D magnesium alloy with electroless plating pretreatment

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2011

Materials & Corrosion

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In this paper, a protective coating scheme was applied for the corrosion protection of AZ91D magnesium alloy. Electroless Ni coating (EN coating) as bottom layer, electrodeposited Ni coating (ENN coating), and silane-based coating (ENS coating) as top layer, respectively, were successfully prepared on AZ91D magnesium alloy by combination techniques. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were employed to investigate the surface and phase structure of coatings, respectively. The electrochemical corrosion behaviors of coatings in neutral 3.5 wt% NaCl solution were evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization techniques. The corrosion testing showed that the three kinds of coatings all could provide corrosion protection for AZ91D magnesium alloy to a certain extent, and the corrosion resistance of ENN and ENS was superior to EN. In order to further study the corrosion protection properties of ENN and ENS, a comparative investigation on the evolution of EIS of ENN and ENS was carried out by dint of immersion test in neutral 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. The results indicated that, compared with ENN, the ENS could provide longer corrosion protection for AZ91D magnesium alloy. It is significant to determine the barrier effect of each coating, which could provide reference for industry applications.

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Linking mechanical properties of silanes to their chemical structure: an analytical study of γ-GPS solutions and films

Cited by 75 publications

References 5 publications

Silane pre-treatment of calcium carbonate nanofillers for polyurethane composites

Silane pre-treatment of calcium carbonate nanofillers for polyurethane composites

Surface characterization of feldspathic ceramic using ATR FT-IR and ellipsometry after various silanization protocols

Preparation and characterization of inorganic and organic coatings on AZ91D magnesium alloy with electroless plating pretreatment

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