Linking macroaggregation to soil microbial community and organic carbon accumulation under different tillage and residue managements

Zhang, Xianfeng; Xiuli, Xin; Zhu, Anning; Yang, Wenliang; Zhang, Jiabao; Ding, Shijie; Mu, Lan; Ling-ling, Shao

doi:10.1016/j.still.2017.12.020

Cited by 117 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Less tillage disturbance seems to impact the living conditions of soil organisms, as found by, e.g., Helgason, et al 42 who detected less bacterial stress markers in no-till soils, a higher microbial abundance in general and an altered microbial community composition. The latter has been widely found [43][44][45] and can be confirmed fully by measurements made in this trial, even with reduced instead of no tillage. We have found a constantly higher microbial biomass in both the 0-10 and 10-20 cm soil layers and a higher dehydrogenase activity in the topsoil over 15 years.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…A community shift has also be seen: reduced tillage favoured gram negative bacteria, fungi and protozoa in general 22 and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi 23,46 and nitrifiers and denitrifiers 24 specifically. A lower bacterial to fungi ratio suggests a more fungal-based community under reduced tillage 22 , a finding supported by existing knowledge 39,43,47 . The higher fungal abundance may be linked to less disturbance of the hyphal network 48 but also to the decrease in pH in reduced tillage plots, as Rousk, et al 49 found higher growth rates of fungi with lower pH.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

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Enhanced soil quality with reduced tillage and solid manures in organic farming – a synthesis of 15 years

Krauss

Berner

Perrochet

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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, frédéric perrochet, Robert frei, Urs niggli & paul Mäder Demands upon the sustainability of farming are increasing in step with climate change and diversity loss. Organic farming offers a viable approach. To further improve organic management, three strategies with potential to enhance soil quality are being tested in a long-term trial since 2002 on a clay loam in temperate Switzerland: reduced tillage vs. ploughing, solid vs. liquid manures and biodynamic preparations. A synthesis of 15 years reveals an increase in topsoil organic carbon (SOC, +25%), microbial biomass (+32%) and activity (+34%) and a shift in microbial communities with conversion from ploughing to reduced tillage. Soils under reduced tillage are more stratified in SOC and nutrients. Additional application of composted manure has increased SOC by 6% compared to pure slurry application, with little impact on soil microbes. Biodynamic preparations have had a minor impact on soil quality. Fertilisation and biodynamic preparations did not affect yields. Both higher and lower yields were harvested in the reduced tillage system in relation to ploughing. the main yield determinants were n supply and higher weed infestation under reduced tillage. continuously reduced tillage in organic farming has been proven to enhance soil quality at this site, while also presenting more challenges in management. Various global challenges are calling for change. Soil erosion and degradation, loss of biodiversity and pollution of adjacent natural systems all call current agricultural management practices into question. To meet sustainability requirements, there is a special need to develop, beyond individual innovations, alternative systems that consider the surrounding environment. Organic farming can serve as an alternative to conventional farming, as it has been shown to lower environmental impacts while being able to feed the world if consumption behaviour is adjusted 1. Organic farming is based on a low external input strategy with legumes, green manures, wide crop rotations and organic fertilisation. All of those approaches build and maintain soil quality 2. Biological mobilisation of soil nutrients for crop nutrition is more important in organic than conventional farming, meaning that soil quality needs to be maintained at a high level. Yet there are management practices and trends in organic farming that may jeopardise soil quality and hence require rethinking and improvement. Regarding primary tillage, mouldboard ploughing is common in organic farming in Europe, where it is an important tool for weed control and organic matter management 3. A bare soil surface is left after ploughing. This increases the risk of soil erosion and hence loss of fertile soil 4. Ploughing is assigned to "conventional tillage" (CT) in the context of the present study. As an alternative, conservation tillage systems have been developed globally for nearly a century 5. Conservation tillage includes "no-till" (NT) with direct drilling of seeds and various kinds of "reduced tillage" (R...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Enhanced soil quality with reduced tillage and solid manures in organic farming – a synthesis of 15 years

Krauss

Berner

Perrochet

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Where additional SOC is present in CA systems, this can provide an energy source for soil microorganisms and lead to a greater microbial biomass relative to conventional agricultural systems (Dou et al, 2008;Helgason et al, 2009Helgason et al, , 2010González-Chávez et al, 2010;Mangalassery et al, 2015a). Where increases in SOC and residue retention create a more favorable environment for the microbial populations due to improvements in soil aggregation, soil moisture and/or more favorable soil temperature, this can also improve microbial abundance (Kladivko, 2001;Lupwayi et al, 2001;Govaerts et al, 2007a;Zhang et al, 2018). Examples of the changes in microbial TABLE 3 | Examples of the increase in soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) in conventional agricultural systems compared to those incorporating CA practices (NT + residue retention with or without crop diversification, as indicated by the cropping system).…”

Section: Soil Microbiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conservation agriculture can also be associated with an improvement in the diversity of both fungal and bacterial populations, especially in the presence of more diversified crop rotations (Lupwayi et al, 2001;González-Chávez et al, 2010;Wang et al, 2010Wang et al, , 2016Yang et al, 2012). Fungal populations, in particular, are often observed in greater abundance in CA systems incorporating NT due to the absence of tillage, particularly at the surface of the profile (Kladivko, 2001;Helgason et al, 2010;Spurgeon et al, 2013;Zhang et al, 2018). A greater abundance and diversity of microbes can have many important implications for crop production as a more microbially diverse soil is more likely to contain organisms that promote plant growth and suppress disease (Peters et al, 2003;van Bruggen et al, 2006;Govaerts et al, 2008).…”

Section: Locationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ability of Conservation Agriculture to Conserve Soil Organic Carbon and the Subsequent Impact on Soil Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties and Yield

Page

Dang

Dalal

2020

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

188

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Increases in human populations and the emerging challenges of climate change mean that the world's agricultural systems will need to produce more food in an environment that is increasingly variable and where the quality of our natural resource base is declining. One central measure of an agricultural system's capacity to do this is its ability to preserve soil organic carbon (SOC), due to the pivotal role that this plays in maintaining soil physical, chemical, and biological properties and ultimately yield. This narrative review examines the literature published worldwide over the last 30 years to assess the impact of one widely applied agricultural management system, conservation agriculture (CA), on its ability to maintain SOC and the subsequent impacts on soil physical, chemical and biological properties, and yield. While the effects of CA on SOC worldwide are variable, with both increases and decreases observed, in regions where soil and climatic conditions are favorable for biomass production and where the system does not negatively impact yield, then CA can lead to higher amounts of SOC relative to conventionally managed systems, particularly in the surface of the soil profile. Where greater SOC occurs, these are also often accompanied by improvements in soil structure, water infiltration and soil water storage, plant nutrient availability, microbial biomass and diversity, and yield. However, where CA is used in certain environments (e.g., cold, wet environments with poorly drained soils) or where the CA system has not been well-adapted to local conditions, taking into account the specific agronomic, social, and environmental challenges present, then it may not be a successful system of management. Farmers require access to a range of tools and resources to allow them to identify if the principles of CA are likely to lead be appropriate for their situation and well-designed, locally adapted systems to successfully overcome the agronomic, social and economic challenges that can be associated with its use.

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“…According to Fox et al (), aggregate size could significantly affect the bacterial community composition at both the phyla and family taxonomic levels. Zhang et al () found that the changed soil macroaggregates caused by conservation tillage could shift microbial communities to more anaerobic and fungal biomasses due to the influence of moisture conditions and aeration levels. Our previous results have confirmed that the distribution and organic carbon content of water‐stable aggregates was dramatically affected by the organic amendment at this site (Dai et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking bacterial community to aggregate fractions with organic amendments in a sandy soil

et al. 2019

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Soil aggregates provide microhabitats for microorganisms. However, the bacterial communities within various aggregate size fractions under organic amendments have rarely been evaluated especially in sandy soils. A field experiment involving addition of biogas residue (BR), pig manure (PM), biochar (BC), and straw (ST) of a sandy soil was performed to determine the structure of the bacterial community in aggregate size fractions by using high‐throughput sequencing. We found that organic amendments change soil aggregate fractions and nutrient content, alter bacterial diversity and composition, and contribute to the predicted bacterial functions. The BR increased bacterial α‐diversity in <0.25‐mm aggregates. The Nitrospirae was abundant in almost all aggregate sizes, whereas the abundance of Actinobacteria decreased in most of aggregates following BR addition. The PM amendment primarily facilitated the growth of Bacteroidetes and inhibited the growth of Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi in 0.25‐ to 2‐mm aggregates, whereas bacterial α‐diversity was decreased in the >0.25‐mm aggregates. The BC treatment decreased the bacterial α‐diversity in the <0.25‐mm aggregates and the Gemmatimonadetes abundance in all <2‐mm aggregates, but the Actinobacteria abundance was significantly increased in the >0.053‐mm aggregates. Collectively, the effects of organic amendments on the bacterial community varied greatly depending on type of amendments and aggregate size. The BR supported highly diverse bacterial taxa in the <0.25‐mm aggregates, whereas it proliferated N cycling‐related bacteria in all aggregates. Our results highlight the links between bacterial community and aggregate size fractions in sandy soils depending on organic amendments.

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Linking macroaggregation to soil microbial community and organic carbon accumulation under different tillage and residue managements

Cited by 117 publications

References 67 publications

Enhanced soil quality with reduced tillage and solid manures in organic farming – a synthesis of 15 years

Enhanced soil quality with reduced tillage and solid manures in organic farming – a synthesis of 15 years

The Ability of Conservation Agriculture to Conserve Soil Organic Carbon and the Subsequent Impact on Soil Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties and Yield

Linking bacterial community to aggregate fractions with organic amendments in a sandy soil

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