Linking genetic mechanisms of heterozygosity-fitness correlations to footprints of selection at single loci

Mueller, Jakob C.; Hermisson, Joachim; Olano-Marin, Juanita; Hansson, Bengt; Kempenaers, Bart

doi:10.1007/s10682-010-9377-2

Cited by 14 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…In addition, the increased density of adults within the microhabitat in the novel host [7] enhances the intraspecific contact of the parasites, making the chance of finding a mate more likely [39]. A plastically regulated increase in fecundity was also reported for an introduced population of pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha , which is believed to be connected to the higher body weight of the fish compared to the source population [40]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolutionary divergence of the swim bladder nematode Anguillicola crassus after colonization of a novel host, Anguilla anguilla

et al. 2013

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BackgroundAnguillicola crassus, a swim bladder nematode naturally parasitizing the Japanese eel, was introduced about 30 years ago from East Asia into Europe where it colonized almost all populations of the European eel. We conducted a common garden experiment under a reciprocal transfer design infecting both European and Japanese eels with populations of A. crassus from Germany, Poland and Taiwan. We tested, whether differences in infectivity, developmental dynamics and reproductive output between the European and Asian parasite populations occur while harboured in the specimens of native and colonized eel host, and if these differences are genetically based or are plastic responses to the new environment.ResultsUnder common garden conditions an evolutionary change in the both European parasite populations of A. crassus compared with their Taiwanese conspecifics was observed for infectivity and developmental dynamics, but not for reproductive output. When infecting the European eel, current European populations of the parasite were less infective and developed faster than their Taiwanese conspecifics. In the reciprocally infected Japanese eel the genetically induced differences between the parasite strains were less apparent than in the European eel but higher infectivity, faster development and higher larval mortality of the European parasite populations could be inferred.ConclusionsThe differences in infectivity and developmental dynamics between European and Taiwanese populations of A. crassus found in our study suggest rapid genetic divergence of this parasite after a successful host switch in Europe.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…gorbuscha , introduced into the European north of Russia, exhibited changes in life history by rapidly adapting to colder water temperatures in the target area. The alternations included earlier anadromous migration of adult fish and faster maturation for successful spawning [40]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary divergence of the swim bladder nematode Anguillicola crassus after colonization of a novel host, Anguilla anguilla

et al. 2013

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“…Negative HFCs may arise through at least three different mechanisms and vary in temporal stability (Mueller et al. 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterozygosity‐fitness correlations of conserved microsatellite markers in Kentish plovers Charadrius alexandrinus

et al. 2010

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Heterozygosity-fitness correlations (HFCs) are frequently used to examine the relationship between genetic diversity and fitness. Most studies have reported positive HFCs, although there is a strong bias towards investigating HFCs in genetically impoverished populations. We investigated HFCs in a large genetically diverse breeding population of Kentish plovers Charadrius alexandrinus in southern Turkey. This small shorebird exhibits highly variable mating and care systems, and it is becoming an ecological model species to understand breeding system evolution. Using 11 conserved and six anonymous microsatellite markers, we tested whether and how heterozygosity was associated with chick survival, tarsus and body mass growth controlling for nongenetic effects (chick sex, hatching date, length of biparental care and site quality) that influence survival and growth. There was no genome-wide effect of heterozygosity on fitness, and we did not find any significant effects of heterozygosity on growth rates. However, two of the 11 conserved markers displayed an association with offspring survival: one marker showed a positive HFC, whereas the other marker showed a negative HFC. Heterozygosity at three further conserved loci showed significant interaction with nongenetic variables. In contrast, heterozygosity based on anonymous microsatellite loci was not associated with fitness or growth. Markers that were correlated with chick survival were not more likely to be located in exons or introns than other markers that lacked this association.

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“…Alternatively, the finding of nearly-significant identity disequilibria in only one (PTR) out of three Small populations (see Table S2) along with the strong among-population variation in outcrossing rates (thus, in H o-maternal -H o-family correlations; Fig. 2) suggest that different genetic processes-such as genetic drift and/or selection-may be behind the absence of HFCs within the Small populations of our study (see Grueber et al 2008;Mueller et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Contrasting heterozygosity-fitness correlations between populations of a self-compatible shrub in a fragmented landscape

et al. 2012

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The mechanisms underlying heterozygosity-fitness correlations (HFCs) are subject of intense debates, especially about how important population features such as size or degree of isolation influence HFCs. Here, we report variation in HFCs between Large and Small populations of a self-compatible shrub (Myrtus communis) occurring within an extremely fragmented landscape. In each of the five study populations, we obtained data on both heterozygosity and fitness for 9-12 maternal families (i.e. offspring from the same mother plant). Whereas heterozygosity explained most of the variance (60-86 %) in growth rate of seedling families within Large populations, this relationship was absent within Small populations. Our results suggest that inbreeding may explain the observed HFCs within Large populations, and that different genetic processes (such as genetic drift and/or selection) could have overridden HFCs within Small populations. While it is difficult to draw general conclusions from five populations, we think our results open new research perspectives on how different genetic processes underlie variation in HFCs under different population contexts. Our study also points to a need for further attention on the complex relationships between heterozygosity in self-compatible plants and their progeny in relation to mating system variation. Finally, our results provide interesting new insights into how population genetic diversity is maintained or lost in a highly fragmented landscape.

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Linking genetic mechanisms of heterozygosity-fitness correlations to footprints of selection at single loci

Cited by 14 publications

References 70 publications

Evolutionary divergence of the swim bladder nematode Anguillicola crassus after colonization of a novel host, Anguilla anguilla

Evolutionary divergence of the swim bladder nematode Anguillicola crassus after colonization of a novel host, Anguilla anguilla

Heterozygosity‐fitness correlations of conserved microsatellite markers in Kentish plovers Charadrius alexandrinus

Contrasting heterozygosity-fitness correlations between populations of a self-compatible shrub in a fragmented landscape

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