Linking genes with exercise: where is the cut-off?

Flueck, Martin; Vaughan, David; Westerblad, Håkan

doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1662-9

Cited by 12 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In this context it is of interest that carriers of the ACE I -allele demonstrated reduced muscle capillarity and maximal oxygen uptake at baseline (Table 1b). The observations in our population support the hypothesis that remodelling of aerobic substrate pathways in skeletal muscle contributes to the reported superior trainability of endurance performance in carriers of the ACE I -allele (Cam et al 2007; Flueck et al 2010). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Regarding the higher capillarity in the extensor muscle, M. vastus lateralis , of our Swiss ACE - DD genotypes before training, we find that this is consistent with the concomitantly elevated relative V O 2max (Table 1a) as expected from the contribution of oxygen delivery to extensor muscle groups during the dynamic knee extensor exercise of bicycling (Krustrup et al 2004). This observation is in line with other Caucasian populations [reviewed by (Flueck et al 2010)] while being at variance with early studies of Montgomery in trained British men [reviewed in (Puthucheary et al 2011)]. In trying to address the role of exercise in potentially ACE I -allele modulated muscle plasticity, we assessed the effect of bicycle type endurance training on ultrastructure and transcript expression in vastus lateralis muscle.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The angiotensin converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism alters the response of muscle energy supply lines to exercise

et al. 2013

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The presence of a silencing sequence (the I-allele) in the gene for the upstream regulator of blood flow, angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE), is associated with superior endurance performance and its trainability. We tested in a retrospective study with 36 Caucasian men of Swiss descent whether carriers of the ACE I-allele demonstrate a modified adaptive response of energy supply lines in knee extensor muscle, and aerobic fitness, to endurance training based on 6 weeks of supervised bicycle exercise or 6 months of self-regulated running (p value

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

The angiotensin converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism alters the response of muscle energy supply lines to exercise

et al. 2013

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…'the gene') and the top of a physiological pathway (e.g. muscle mass) (Flueck et al 2010). Future research should take into account these considerations, including the use of more mechanistic approaches.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single and combined influence of ACE and ACTN3 genotypes on muscle phenotypes in octogenarians

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We studied the single and combined influence of the ACE I/D and the ACTN3 R577X polymorphisms on muscle phenotypes (thigh muscles' cross-sectional area assessed with magnetic resonance imaging) and strength (maximal handgrip, 30-s chair stand test), functional ability during activities of daily living (Barthel index) and bone mineral density (proximal femur) in Caucasian (Spanish) community-dwelling old people [n = 81, 59 women; mean age 82.8 ± 4.8 years (range 71-93 years)]. We found no significantly differences in the aforementioned phenotypes across ACE and ACTN3 genotypes (all P > 0.05), except for handgrip in the ACE I/D recessive model (DD 19.5 ± 6.7 kg, ID 24.0 ± 9.1 kg, II 22.1 ± 7.9; P = 0.047), yet statistical significance disappeared after correction for multiple comparisons. Likewise, the analyses of the combined effects between genotypes did not yield any significant difference (all P > 0.05) between the two 'extreme' genotypes [theoretically 'power or muscularity oriented' [(ACTN3 RR + RX & ACE DD) versus 'non-power' (ACTN3 XX & ACE II + ID)]. The aforementioned analyses were adjusted by sex, age and physical activity levels as covariates. Logistic regression analysis revealed no significant association of single or combined effect of ACE and ACTN3 genotypes or genotype combination group (ACE + ACTN3) with sarcopenia (i.e. being in the lowest 25th sex-specific percentile for a combined score of the muscle and functional phenotypes we measured). Though ACE I/D and ACTN3 R577X polymorphisms are candidates to modulate exercise-related phenotypes in adults, our data suggest that they do not exert a major influence in the muscle phenotypes of old people. More studies with larger sample sizes are needed.

show abstract

“…The ACE-I/D polymorphism is a genuine example for genetical effects on endurance performance [ 33 , 34 ]. It has been pointed out before that Caucasian subjects carrying the ACE-I allele show better trainability of endurance performance [ 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism Modifies Exercise-Induced Muscle Metabolism

et al. 2016

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectiveA silencer region (I-allele) within intron 16 of the gene for the regulator of vascular perfusion, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), is implicated in phenotypic variation of aerobic fitness and the development of type II diabetes. We hypothesised that the reportedly lower aerobic performance in non-carriers compared to carriers of the ACE I-allele, i.e. ACE-DD vs. ACE-ID/ACE-II genotype, is associated with alterations in activity-induced glucose metabolism and capillarisation in exercise muscle.MethodsFifty-three, not-specifically trained Caucasian men carried out a one-legged bout of cycling exercise to exhaustion and/or participated in a marathon, the aim being to identify and validate genotype effects on exercise metabolism. Respiratory exchange ratio (RER), serum glucose and lipid concentration, glycogen, and metabolite content in vastus lateralis muscle based on ultra-performance lipid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS), were assessed before and after the cycling exercise in thirty-three participants. Serum metabolites were measured in forty subjects that completed the marathon. Genotype effects were assessed post-hoc.ResultsCycling exercise reduced muscle glycogen concentration and this tended to be affected by the ACE I-allele (p = 0.09). The ACE-DD genotype showed a lower maximal RER and a selective increase in serum glucose concentration after exercise compared to ACE-ID and ACE-II genotypes (+24% vs. +2% and –3%, respectively). Major metabolites of mitochondrial metabolism (i.e. phosphoenol pyruvate, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, L-Aspartic acid, glutathione) were selectively affected in vastus lateralis muscle by exercise in the ACE-DD genotype. Capillary-to-fibre ratio was 24%-lower in the ACE-DD genotype. Individuals with the ACE-DD genotype demonstrated an abnormal increase in serum glucose to 7.7 mM after the marathon.ConclusionThe observations imply a genetically modulated role for ACE in control of glucose import and oxidation in working skeletal muscle. ACE-DD genotypes thereby transit into a pre-diabetic state with exhaustive exercise, which relates to a lowered muscle capillarisation, and deregulation of mitochondria-associated metabolism.

show abstract

Linking genes with exercise: where is the cut-off?

Abstract: Studies on gene-phenotype associations are a popular theme in exercise physiology. This editorial follows up on the current limitations in this quest with regard to the identification of mechanistically important relationships.

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

The angiotensin converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism alters the response of muscle energy supply lines to exercise

The angiotensin converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism alters the response of muscle energy supply lines to exercise

Single and combined influence of ACE and ACTN3 genotypes on muscle phenotypes in octogenarians

The Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism Modifies Exercise-Induced Muscle Metabolism

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About