Linking forest shade tolerance and soil moisture in North America

Liénard, Jean‐Sylvain; Strigul, Nikolay

doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.05.034

Cited by 5 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Calculations of biomass and basal area were previously done according to [17]. The computations of biomass and basal area (as well as other characteristics, such as shade tolerance index, and biodiversity measured by Shannon entropy) is done in articles [23,25,27,39]. The biomass is this article refers to the plot biomass, which is the sum of biomasses of all trees computed using formulas from [17] (see section 3.1 in [27] for the details).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We select the Quebec forest inventory for this proof of concept work as it is a long term dataset collected over more than 3 decades using the same field survey protocol [27]. We operate with the same biomass and basal area data derived from Quebec forest inventories in our previous publication on Markov chain modeling (data-mining protocol is available in [25,27]). For both individual patches and the Quebec region, we model logarithms of biomass or basal area as autoregressive process.…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such generalization in financial engineering resulted in the development of vector autoregressive integrated moving average (VARIMA) models, which are particularly suited for multidimensional forest modeling under the dynamic disturbance regimes. This can result in an enhanced tolerance-disturbance model build upon our past analyses of tolerance patterns in North American forests, including observed shade tolerance patterns [23], associations between shade tolerance and soil moisture [25], and relative trade-offs between shade, drought, and water-logging tolerance at the continental scale [24].…”

Section: Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Autoregressive Modeling of Forest Dynamics

Rumyantseva

Sarantsev

Strigul

2019

Forests

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In this work, we employ autoregressive models developed in financial engineering for modeling of forest dynamics. Autoregressive models have some theoretical advantage over currently employed forest modeling approaches such as Markov chains and individual-based models, as autoregressive models are both analytically tractable and operate with continuous state space. We perform time series statistical analysis of forest biomass and basal area recorded in Quebec provincial forest inventories in 1970-2007. The geometric random walk model adequately describes the yearly average dynamics. For individual patches, we fit an AR(1) process capable to model negative feedback (mean-reversion). Overall, the best fit also turns out to be geometric random walk, however, the normality tests for residuals fail. In contrast, yearly means are adequately described by normal fluctuations, with annual growth, on average, 2.3%, but with standard deviation of order 40%. We use Bayesian analysis to account for uneven number of observations per year. This work demonstrates that autoregressive models represent a valuable tool for modeling of forest dynamics. In particular, they quantify stochastic effects of environmental disturbances and develop predictive empirical models on short and intermediate temporal scales.2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. 62M10, 92D40.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Autoregressive Modeling of Forest Dynamics

Rumyantseva

Sarantsev

Strigul

2019

Forests

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“…These differences in growth–mortality rates result in the shade tolerance trade-off and early–late successional dynamics. The overall dynamics of this system can be represented by a macroscopic parameter called the shade tolerance index which represents the average value of trees’ shade tolerance in a forest stand, weighted by their basal area [ 32 , 36 ]. The shade tolerance index is computed using the formula

where

is the set of trees in a stand, ρ t are shade tolerance rankings of tree species and ω is the relative abundance metric.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall the universality of this trade-off was not confirmed, and the premise posited in [ 21 ] has been highly criticized [ 10 ] (see also Discussion). At the same time, the decrease of shade-tolerant trees along the aridity gradient is well documented especially in North American forests [ 5 , 32 ]. The question then arises, are there mechanisms that do not involve this tolerance trade-off leading to the development of macroscopic shade tolerance patterns along moisture and latitude gradients?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An individual-based forest model links canopy dynamics and shade tolerances along a soil moisture gradient

Liénard

Strigul

2016

R. Soc. open sci.

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Understanding how forested ecosystems respond to climatic changes is a challenging problem as forest self-organization occurs simultaneously across multiple scales. Here, we explore the hypothesis that soil water availability shapes above-ground competition and gap dynamics, and ultimately alters the dominance of shade tolerant and intolerant species along the moisture gradient. We adapt a spatially explicit individual-based model with simultaneous crown and root competitions. Simulations show that the transition from xeric to mesic soils is accompanied by an increase in shade-tolerant species similar to the patterns documented in the North American forests. This transition is accompanied by a change from water to sunlight competitions, and happens at three successive stages: (i) mostly water-limited parkland, (ii) simultaneously water- and sunlight-limited closed canopy forests featuring a very sparse understory, and (iii) mostly sunlight-limited forests with a populated understory. This pattern is caused by contrasting successional dynamics that favour either shade-tolerant or shade-intolerant species, depending on soil moisture and understory density. This work demonstrates that forest patterns along environmental gradients can emerge from spatial competition without physiological trade-offs between shade and growth tolerance. Mechanistic understanding of population processes involved in the forest–parkland–desert transition will improve our ability to explain species distributions and predict forest responses to climatic changes.

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Multiple canopy opening effects on recruited saplings in a typhoon‐disturbed tropical rainforest, Taiwan

Chao

Hsu

et al. 2023

Biotropica

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To investigate the influence of multiple canopy openings on the composition and diversity of recruited saplings in a forest frequently disturbed by typhoons. We conducted tree‐by‐tree censuses (diameter at breast height ≥ 1 cm) and mapped gaps (canopy height < 5 m) in 1993, 2000, 2008, and 2013 in a tropical mountain zonal foothill evergreen broad‐leaved forest in Nanjenshan Nature Reserve, Taiwan. We analyzed the composition and diversity of recruited saplings within a 2.1 ha plot (840 sampling quadrats (5 m × 5 m)) with variable numbers of canopy openings recorded during the study period. Composition of recruited saplings was dissimilar between quadrats that stayed opened and those that stayed closed throughout the study period (pairwise similarity estimates C02 = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.38–0.66). The quadrats under closed canopy had high diversity when weighting rare species (species richness), whereas quadrats with one or two gap opening records during the past 20 years had high diversity when weighting the abundance of species. Although canopy openings provided establishment conditions for saplings of some shade‐intolerant species, due to the nature of small gap size, such habitats do not favor the dominance of shade‐intolerant species. Even in a frequently disturbed forest, species composition and richness of recruited saplings were mainly contributed by shade‐tolerant species. Although multiple canopy openings facilitated the establishment of shade‐intolerant species, species diversity in the study forests is possibly mainly mediated by coexistence mechanisms of those shade‐tolerant species rather than light‐gap‐related species strategies.

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Linking forest shade tolerance and soil moisture in North America

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

Autoregressive Modeling of Forest Dynamics

Autoregressive Modeling of Forest Dynamics

An individual-based forest model links canopy dynamics and shade tolerances along a soil moisture gradient

Multiple canopy opening effects on recruited saplings in a typhoon‐disturbed tropical rainforest, Taiwan

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