Linking divergent selection on vegetative traits to environmental variation and phenotypic diversification in the Iberian columbines (<i>Aquilegia</i>)

Alcántara, Julio M.; Bastida, Jesús M.; Rey, Pedro J.

doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2010.01981.x

Cited by 24 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…To test the hypothesis that traits with larger heritability show higher differentiation between subspecies, we calculated mean phenotypic values for each subspecies based on the data published in Alcántara et al . () and Castellanos et al . (), which involve several populations per taxa.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…One limitation of this expectation is that natural selection may have eroded genetic variation after the divergence, and so most traits would be fixed nowadays (showing zero or almost zero heritability within populations) and we would not be able to detect any relationship between heritability and trait variability among taxa, regardless of whether or not it existed in the past. Therefore, this expectation can only be addressed under the assumption that the process of phenotypic diversification is an ongoing process, which we can assume because the current patterns of natural selection in wild populations agree with the observed patterns of phenotypic diversification among the studied taxa (Alcántara et al ., ). Do G matrices impose divergent patterns of phenotypic differentiation between closely‐related taxa? Theoretically, G matrices can change under selection, mutation, and drift, although a clear understanding of how such changes occur is still under way (Steppan, Phillips & Houle, ; Arnold et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…On the other hand, radiation in Eurasia is based on habitat specialization (Bastida et al ., ). The studies conducted in columbines from the Iberian Peninsula suggest that divergent selection pressures between habitats have promoted the differentiation of vegetative traits (Alcántara et al ., ) but not in the case of flower traits (Castellanos et al ., ). Because genetic variation in wild populations is similar in vegetative and floral traits, Castellanos et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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The role of genetic constraints on the diversification of Iberian taxa of the genusAquilegia(Ranunculaceae)

Alcántara

Jaime

Bastida³

et al. 2013

Biol J Linn Soc Lond

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The microevolutionary process of adaptive phenotypic differentiation of quantitative traits between populations or closely‐related taxa depends on the response of populations to the action of natural selection. However, this response can be constrained by the structure of the matrix of additive genetic variance and covariance between traits in each population (G matrix). In the present study, we obtained additive genetic variance and narrow sense heritability for 25 floral and vegetative traits of three subspecies of Aquilegia vulgaris, and one subspecies of Aquilegia pyrenaica through a common garden crossing experiment. For two vegetative and one floral trait, we also obtained the G matrix and genetic correlations between traits in each subspecies. The amount of genetic variation available in wild populations is not responsible for the larger differentiation of vegetative than floral traits found in this group of columbines. However, the low heritability of some traits constrained their evolution because phenotypic variability among taxa was larger for traits with larger heritability. We confirmed that the process of diversification of the studied taxa involved shifts in the G matrix, mainly determined by changes in the genetic covariance between floral and vegetative traits, probably caused by linkage disequilibrium in narrow endemic taxa. © 2013 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2014, 111, 252–261.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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The role of genetic constraints on the diversification of Iberian taxa of the genusAquilegia(Ranunculaceae)

Alcántara

Jaime

Bastida³

et al. 2013

Biol J Linn Soc Lond

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“…; Alcántara et al 2010), will require further research (see appendix). Future field experiments are needed to properly address whether FD currently has genetic variance for selection via pollinators to act on.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Species and Phylogenetic Heterogeneity in Visitation Affects Reproductive Success in an Island System

Adderley¹,

Vamosi

2015

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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Editor: Susan J. MazerPlant-pollinator mutualisms can be disrupted in fragmented and isolated populations. Isolated populations attract fewer and less diverse pollinators, but it is not generally known whether this is due to reductions in the abundance and/or diversity of flowers at a site or to the biogeography of pollinators (or both). Islands represent one system potentially suitable to analyze the effects of spatial isolation. Here, we examine the contribution that differences in visitor composition make to increased selfing and seed production by examining the major visitors to Plectritis congesta in populations on the Gulf Islands and Vancouver Island. We find that (1) connectivity is more strongly associated with visitor assemblages and seed production than components of the floral community and (2) taking phylogeny into account suggests that increased visitation by solitary bees as opposed to other functional groups increases female fitness in P. congesta.

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“…Sufficient genetic variation exposed to spatial variation in natural selection can create genetic structure across a heterogeneous landscape, leading to adaptive divergence (Blanquart et al 2012). However, experimental work on understanding how spatial variation in natural selection creates adaptive radiation across a heterogeneous landscape is rare (e.g., Schluter 1995; Losos et al 2001;Alcantara et al 2010). For example, Anolis lizards have repeatedly adapted specialized morphology in similar habitats on different islands (Losos 1990;Losos et al 2001;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genetic and ecological basis of diversification

Walter¹

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Adaptive radiation is a fundamental driver in the creation of biodiversity, but the processes underlying radiations across broad spatial scales need to be further explored. Organisms that colonize a heterogeneous landscape can occupy a mosaic of environments, exposing them to complex patterns of genetic drift, natural selection and gene flow creating adaptive divergence at different levels of biological organization. Strong differences in natural selection and reduced migration between populations favours the evolution of ecotypes, which can provide the basis for species diversification when reproductive isolation arises between contrasting ecotypes. Identifying how ecological divergence can lead to the evolution of different forms of reproductive isolation and promote species diversification can reveal how adaptive radiation proceeds. Empirical studies linking patterns of adaptive divergence with phenotypic diversification, and the underlying genetic basis, are rare across expansive landscapes. As a consequence, there exists a gap in our understanding of how diversification proceeds during adaptive radiation across heterogeneous landscapes.Research for my dissertation used a combination of extensive reciprocal transplant experiments, field sampling, common garden experiments and quantitative genetic crossing designs to investigate how the ecotypic diversification of an Australian native wildflower species complex, Senecio lautus, has occurred across a heterogeneous landscape. I focussed on four contrasting ecotypes that occupy coastal sand dunes, rocky headlands, dry sclerophyll woodland and moist tableland rainforest. Multiple populations per ecotype, and their hybrids were reciprocally transplanted into the four environments to identify patterns of adaptation both within and between ecotypes. Each population was phenotyped in the glasshouse and environmental variables were recorded in the field to associated phenotype, environment and fitness across a heterogeneous landscape. Crossing designs and extensive phenotyping in glasshouse experiments were used to estimate the additive genetic variance underlying morphological traits and identify whether genetic correlations have constrained adaptation. Finally, artificial hybridization was used to identify whether genetic incompatibilities have created intrinsic reproductive isolation.My results showed that strong patterns of local adaptation were present between ecotypes, but weaker patterns within ecotypes. Populations exhibited trade-offs in performance when planted into foreign environments, which emerged as ontogeny progressed and natural selection acted against foreign populations. The environment played an important role in determining patterns of adaptation, with ecotypes derived from more disparate environments performing more poorly. 3Suites of phenotypic traits were associated with fitness and exhibited trade-offs between contrasting environments. As a consequence of adaptive divergence, multivariate phenotypic divergence has occurred along two ma...

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Linking divergent selection on vegetative traits to environmental variation and phenotypic diversification in the Iberian columbines (Aquilegia)

Cited by 24 publications

References 90 publications

The role of genetic constraints on the diversification of Iberian taxa of the genusAquilegia(Ranunculaceae)

The role of genetic constraints on the diversification of Iberian taxa of the genusAquilegia(Ranunculaceae)

Species and Phylogenetic Heterogeneity in Visitation Affects Reproductive Success in an Island System

The genetic and ecological basis of diversification

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