Linking debris-flow hazard assessments with geomorphology

Glade, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2004.09.023

Cited by 135 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…All this resulted in January 2003 in exceeding the material strength limit and a significant increase of the speed of mass movements. The instability that occurred corresponds to the accepted definitions of debris flows in all its segments [12,13,14,15,16,17]. The triggering mechanism of the landslide and the activation of the debris flow depend on the geotechnical properties of the materials in the cover.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Causes of debris flow formation in flysch area of North Istria, Croatia

Arbanas¹,

Benac²,

Jurak³

2006

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, Vol 90

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The central and northern parts of the Istrian Peninsula situated in the northwestern part of the Croatian Adriatic coast are formed within the Paleogene flysch rock complex. The flysch zone in the northeastern part of the peninsula borders with the Ćićarija Mountain Range, which mostly consists of carbonate rocks. The occurrences of debris flows that cause huge damage to transport and other constructions are quite frequent. In this paper, we present the causes and triggering mechanisms of debris flows sporadically occurring in the Krbavčići village area near the city of Buzet. The potentially unstable soil mass formed by the erosion of the flysch bedrock fills the narrow and long ravines cut into the flysch bedrock all the way to the limestone slopes of the Ćićarija Mountain Range. This paper describes in detail the occurrence of a particular debris flow along with its repetitive appearances in the period from the winter of 1979 until today. The debris flow mass damaged the road embankment and caused its downslope slide in the length of about 300 m in one night in the winter of 1979. The movement of the debris mass triggered in the ravine put into danger the bridge constructed over an old unstable zone in the winter of 2003, however fast intervention measures prevented the possible damage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Causes of debris flow formation in flysch area of North Istria, Croatia

Arbanas¹,

Benac²,

Jurak³

2006

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, Vol 90

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“…Threshold effects occur at the transition between usual rockfall deposition and enhanced secondary rockfall deposition. The maximum rockfall intensity in a single event was limited to 1000 kg/m 2 to account for the exhaustion of intermediate storages as rockfall debris sources (Glade, 2005), at least along the pathways of debris-loaded flows. A comparison of the rockfall response functions of individual rockfall collectors revealed that the logistic growth functions of collectors with topographically resembling catchment areas have similar characteristics (see Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A nonlinear model coupling rockfall and rainfall intensity based on a four year measurement in a high Alpine rock wall (Reintal, German Alps)

Krautblatter

Möser

2009

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract.A total of more than 140 000 kg of smallmagnitude rockfall deposits was measured in eight rockfall collectors of altogether 940 m 2 in size between 1999-2003 below a 400-600 m high rock face in the Reintal, German Alps. Measurements were conducted with a temporal resolution up to single days to attribute rockfall intensity to observed triggering events. Precipitation was assessed by a rain gauge and high-resolution precipitation radar. Intense rainstorms triggered previously unreported rockfall intensities of up to 300 000 g/(m 2 h) that we term "secondary rockfall event." In comparison to dry periods without frost (10 −2 g/(m 2 h)), rockfall deposition increased by 2-218 times during wet freeze-thaw cycles and by 56-thousand to 40-million times during secondary rockfall events. We obtained three nonlinear logistic growth models that relate rockfall intensity [g/(m 2 h)] to rainfall intensity [mm/h]. The models account for different rock wall intermediate storage volumes, triggering thresholds and storage depletion. They apply to all rockfall collector positions with correlations from R 2 =0.89 to 0.99. Thus, the timing of more than 90% of the encountered rockfall is explained by the triggering factor rainfall intensity. A combination of rockfall response models with radar-supported storm cell forecast could be used to anticipate hazardous rockfall events, and help to reduce the exposure of individuals and mobile structures (e.g. cable cars) to the hazard. According to meteorological recordings, the frequency of these intense rockfall events is likely to increase in response to global warming.

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“…We conducted measurements of these processes simultaneously with the soil erosion measurements between 2005(Zorn 2007a2007b;2008a;Zorn and Miko{ 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

Erosion processes in Slovene Istria – part 2: Badlands

Zorn¹

2009

AGS

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Talus slopes form below bare flysch walls, for example, in the Mrtvec badlands along the Dragonja River (photograph: Matija Zorn). Pod golimi fli{nimi stenami nastajajo meli{~a, kot na primer na erozijskem ari{~u Mrtvec ob Dragonji (fotografija: Matija Zorn). ABSTRACT: This article is a continuation of the article on soil erosion in submediterranean Slovene Istria from the first issue of the 2009 (49-1) journal. In this article we present geomorphic processes in the badlands of the same area (Dragonja River basin, SW Slovenia): sediment production from steep bare (Eocene) flysch slopes (rockwall retreat), movements of flysch debris along erosion gullies, and geomorphic processes on talus slopes. Sediment production of flysch rocks was determined by measurements on erosion plots and totals around 80 kg/m 2 per year on average, which means that steep bare flysch rockwalls retreat at a speed of 35 to 50 mm per year. The badlands not only contain flysch walls but also slopes already eroded by erosion rills and gullies. A dam in one of the erosion gullies with the catchment area of 0.1 ha captured 20 tons of debris in fourteen months. MATIJA ZORNMonitoring on talus slopes of the badlands revealed their dual character because erosion here alternates with accumulation.

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Linking debris-flow hazard assessments with geomorphology

Cited by 135 publications

References 51 publications

Causes of debris flow formation in flysch area of North Istria, Croatia

Causes of debris flow formation in flysch area of North Istria, Croatia

A nonlinear model coupling rockfall and rainfall intensity based on a four year measurement in a high Alpine rock wall (Reintal, German Alps)

Erosion processes in Slovene Istria – part 2: Badlands

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