Linking D-Dimer and haematological parameters among Indian COVID 19 patients

Abstract

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak continues to place a significant strain on healthcare systems, economies, and patient management. Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate the role of D-Dimer and haematological parameters to identify severity and outcome of COVID 19 patients. Total 100 cases diagnosed with COVID 19 were recruited in the study and followed up for 6 months. The subjects were grouped into 2, Group 1: Newly Diagnosed COVID 19 Patients and Group 2: After 6 months of follow up COVID 19 Patients. We analyzed Hb, RBCs, WBCs, PT, APTT and D-Dimer and also, we taken CT values of the study subjects. A statistical analysis was done by using SPSS version 20.0. The WBCs and haemoglobin mean values are shown significant values between the study subjects, respectively with p-values < 0.001**. The PT and APTT significantly increased in newly diagnosed COVID 19 patients when compared to after 6 months of follow up at p–value < 0.001**. There was a positive correlation of WBCs, PT, APTT (r= 0.458, 526, 509) with D-Dimer and negatively correlated RBCS, Hb, CT (-0.056, 321, 526, 353), respectively at p < 0.001**. Thus, low platelet, high d-dimer, and fibrinogen may serve as risk markers for the progression of COVID-19 severity. Hence, COVID-19 patients may experience anaemia-related consequences as hypoxia, coronary and pulmonary failure due to low Hb concentration. Further, patients with COVID-19 also experience bleeding issues due to thrombocytopenia.