Linkages Between Chemical Contaminants and Tumors in Benthic Great Lakes Fish

Baumann, Paul C.; Smith, Ian R.; Metcalfe, Chris D.

doi:10.1016/s0380-1330(96)70946-2

Cited by 82 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Consistent with this point is that tumors of pelagic bony fishes are as rare as those of chondrichthyans. In comparison, benthic (bottom-dwelling) bony fish that feed on the meiofauna of polluted waterways can have epizootic skin and liver neoplasms whose frequencies can exceed 50% (37,38). In fact, of the ϳ150 reported epizootic neoplasms, all have occurred in fish from inland or coastal waters; none were from pelagic fish (e.g., ref.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shark Cartilage, Cancer and the Growing Threat of Pseudoscience

et al. 2004

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The promotion of crude shark cartilage extracts as a cure for cancer has contributed to at least two significant negative outcomes: a dramatic decline in shark populations and a diversion of patients from effective cancer treatments. An alleged lack of cancer in sharks constitutes a key justification for its use. Herein, both malignant and benign neoplasms of sharks and their relatives are described, including previously unreported cases from the Registry of Tumors in Lower Animals, and two sharks with two cancers each. Additional justifications for using shark cartilage are illogical extensions of the finding of antiangiogenic and anti-invasive substances in cartilage. Scientific evidence to date supports neither the efficacy of crude cartilage extracts nor the ability of effective components to reach and eradicate cancer cells. The fact that people think shark cartilage consumption can cure cancer illustrates the serious potential impacts of pseudoscience. Although components of shark cartilage may work as a cancer retardant, crude extracts are ineffective. Efficiencies of technology (e.g., fish harvesting), the power of mass media to reach the lay public, and the susceptibility of the public to pseudoscience amplifies the negative impacts of shark cartilage use. To facilitate the use of reason as the basis of public and private decision-making, the evidence-based mechanisms of evaluation used daily by the scientific community should be added to the training of media and governmental professionals. Increased use of logical, collaborative discussion will be necessary to ensure a sustainable future for man and the biosphere.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shark Cartilage, Cancer and the Growing Threat of Pseudoscience

et al. 2004

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“…These papillomas are typically exophytic rather than plaque-like (Baumann et al, 1996;Grizzle et al, 1988;Russell and Kotin, 1957). Evidence of chemical etiology of epidermal papillomas has been found in brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) (Black et al, 1985;Black, 1983aBlack, , 1983bBrown et al, 1973;Folmar et al, 1995;Lucke and Schlumberger, 1941;Obert, 1997;Poulet and Spitsbergen, 1996;Poulet et al, 1993Poulet et al, , 1994, channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) (Chen et al, 1996), and medaka (Oryzias latipes) (Hyodo-Taguchi and Matsudaira, 1987).…”

Section: Beckwith Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylnitrosourea Induces Neoplasia in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Beckwith

Moore

Tsao-Wu

et al. 2000

Laboratory Investigation

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SUMMARY:The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has been successfully used to discover hundreds of genes involved in development and organogenesis. To address the potential of zebrafish as a cancer model, it is important to determine the susceptibility of zebrafish to tumors. Germ line mutations are most commonly induced for zebrafish mutant screens by exposing adult male zebrafish to the alkylating agent, ethylnitrosourea (ENU). To determine whether ENU induces tumors, we compared the incidence of tumors in ENU-treated fish with untreated controls. Interestingly, 18 of 18 (100%) fish mutagenized with either 2.5 or 3.0 mM ENU developed epidermal papillomas, which numbered 1 to 22 per fish, within 1 year of treatment. The induced epidermal lesions included epidermal hyperplasia, flat papillomas (0.2 to 1.2 mm), and pedunculated papillomas (1.2 to 8 mm in greatest dimension), but no skin cancers. Angiogenesis was evident in papillomas larger than approximately 1 mm. All but two papillomas contained the three cell types (keratinocytes, club, and mucous cells) of normal zebrafish epidermis; histologic variants lacked either club cells or mucous cells. Two cavernous hemangiomas and a single malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor were also found in the treated fish. None of five untreated controls developed tumors. These studies establish the feasibility of the zebrafish as an experimental model for the study of skin tumors. (Lab Invest 2000, 80:379-385).

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“…Brown bullhead and white sucker have been used extensively in the Great Lakes Basin as watershed indicator species, particularly in relation to skin and liver tumors (Smith et al, 1989;Hayes et al, 1990;Premdas et al, 1995;Baumann et al, 1996;Blazer et al, 2009 a and b;Rafferty et al, 2009). White sucker have also demonstrated sensitivity to the effects of exposure to endocrine disruptors at sites within the Great Lakes Basin and elsewhere (Munkittrick and Dixon, 1989;Woodling et al, 2006;Bowron et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of wild fish health at selected sites in the Great Lakes Basin: methods and preliminary results

Blazer¹,

Mazik²,

Iwanowicz³

et al. 2014

Open-File Report

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For more information on the USGS-the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment-visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1-888-ASK-USGS (1-888-275-8747) For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http: //www.usgs.gov/pubprod To order this and other USGS information products, visit http://store.usgs.gov Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also may contain copyrighted materials as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items must be secured from the copyright owner.This draft manuscript is distributed solely for purposes of scientific peer review. Its content is deliberative and predecisional, so it must not be disclosed or released by reviewers. Because the manuscript has not yet been approved for publication by the U.S. Geological Survey, it does not represent any official USGS finding or policy. AbstractDuring fall 2010 and spring 2011, a total of 119 brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus), 136 white sucker (Catostomus commersoni), 73 smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu), and 59 largemouth bass (M. salmoides) were collected from seven Great Lakes Basin Areas of Concern and one Reference Site. Comprehensive fish health assessments were conducted in order to document potential adverse effects from exposure to complex chemical mixtures. Fish were necropsied on site, blood samples obtained, pieces of liver, spleen, kidney, gill and any abnormalities placed in fixative for histopathology. Liver samples were saved for gene expression analysis and otoliths were removed for aging. A suite of fish health indicators was developed and implemented for site comparisons and to document seasonal effects and species differences in response to environmental conditions. Organism level (grossly visible lesions, condition factor), tissue level (microscopic pathology, organosomatic indices, micronuclei, and other nuclear abnormalities), plasma factors (reproductive steroid hormones, vitellogenin), and molecular (gene expression) indicators were included. This report describes the methods and preliminary results.

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Linkages Between Chemical Contaminants and Tumors in Benthic Great Lakes Fish

Cited by 82 publications

References 44 publications

Shark Cartilage, Cancer and the Growing Threat of Pseudoscience

Shark Cartilage, Cancer and the Growing Threat of Pseudoscience

Ethylnitrosourea Induces Neoplasia in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Monitoring of wild fish health at selected sites in the Great Lakes Basin: methods and preliminary results

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