Link Budget Validation for Backscatter-Radio System in Sub-1GHz

Badihi, Behnam; Liljemark, Aleksi; Sheikh, Muhammad Usman; Lietzén, Jari; Jäntti, Riku

doi:10.1109/wcnc.2019.8885700

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In on-off keying case, we would in ideal case have Z 0 = Z * a and Z 1 = 0 resulting in Γ 0 = 0 and Γ 1 = −1. In practical implementation, the load impedance is switched by a diode as control circuit [14]. In Fig.…”

Section: Back Scattered Signalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient FSK Backscatter Communications using LTE Cell Specific Reference Signals

Liao¹,

Wang²,

Ruttik³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Long Term Evolution (LTE) signal is ubiquitously present in electromagnetic (EM) background environment, which make it an attractive signal source for the ambient backscatter communications (AmBC). In this paper, we propose a system, in which a backscatter device (BD) introduces artificial Doppler shift to the channel which is larger than the natural Doppler but still small enough such that it can be tracked by the channel estimator at the User Equipment (UE). Channel estimation is done using the downlink cell specific reference signals (CRS) that are present regardless the UE being attached to the network or not. FSK was selected due to its robust operation in a fading channel. We describe the whole AmBC system, use two receivers. Finally, numerical simulations and measurements are provided to validate the proposed FSK AmBC performance.

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Section: Back Scattered Signalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient FSK Backscatter Communications using LTE Cell Specific Reference Signals

Liao¹,

Wang²,

Ruttik³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…The signal paths to the sensors of one user are more similar than the paths to different users. In a bistatic backscatter system such as AmBC, the backscattered signal is strongest if the backscatter device is either near the transmitter or the receiver [42]. It is therefore beneficial that in our use case the sensors are near each other compared to the ambient transmitter.…”

Section: Users and Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secret Key Generation Between Ambient Backscatter Devices

Lietzén

Tirkkonen

2023

IEEE Access

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We analyze secret key generation between ambient backscatter devices where the channel between an ambient transmitter and the backscatter devices is used as a source of randomness. The devices do not need to estimate or measure the channel between themselves, which greatly simplifies the gathering of raw key material. We analyze the eavesdropper's mutual information based on fundamental principles and apply privacy amplification to remove any information that the eavesdropper overheard during the error correction phase. We show how the legitimate users can estimate the eavesdropper's knowledge and trade off between achievable key rate and the eavesdropper's knowledge of the final key. When modeling the channel between the ambient transmitter and the backscatter devices using state-of-the-art 3GPP channel models we show that even in non-line-of-sight channels the distance from legitimate users to an eavesdropper being larger than a few wavelengths is not alone a sufficient security guarantee. This is in contrast with previous secret key generation methods where distance is assumed to prevent the eavesdropper from having any information about the key prior to error correction. Our simulations show that a distance based approach is too optimistic and there is a possibility that the eavesdropper still knows a substantial part of the final key. INDEX TERMSSecret key generation, physical layer security, ambient backscatter communication.

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“…In the monostatic configuration, the carrier emitter is installed inside the interrogator and a backscatter device reflects the signal upon a query [6]. A bistatic configuration consists of a dedicated carrier emitter, backscatter transmitter, and a backscatter receiver [4]. The backscatter transmitter uses the RF waves from the carrier emitter to forward the message to the backscatter receiver.…”

Section: Fundamentals Of Backscatter Communicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is primarily beneficial in situations where computing and connectivity capabilities expand to sensors and miniature devices that exchange data on a low power budget. Due to this innovative method of communication, the backscatter communications provide virtually endless opportunities to connect wireless devices [4]. Wearable devices, connected homes, industrial Internet of things (IoT), and miniature embeddable are some of the areas where backscatter communications can be used to provide pervasive connectivity.…”

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confidence: 99%

Applications of Backscatter Communications for Healthcare Networks

Jameel

Duan

Chang³

et al. 2019

IEEE Network

Self Cite

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Backscatter communication is expected to help in revitalizing the domain of healthcare through its myriad applications. From on-body sensors to in-body implants and miniature embeddable devices, there are many potential use cases that can leverage the miniature and low-powered nature of backscatter devices. However, the existing literature lacks a comprehensive study that provides a distilled review of the latest studies on backscatter communications from the healthcare perspective. Thus, with the objective to promote the utility of backscatter communication in healthcare, this paper aims to identify specific applications of backscatter systems. A detailed taxonomy of recent studies and gap analysis for future research directions are provided in this work. Finally, we conduct measurements at 590 MHz in different propagation environments with the in-house designed backscatter device. The link budget results show the promise of backscatter devices to communicate over large distances for indoor environments which demonstrates its potential in the healthcare system. Index TermsBackscatter communication, Healthcare, In-body implants, Link budget, On-body sensors I. INTRODUCTIONThe medical industry today is seeking new solutions for in-body and on-body devices that transfer the data over a wireless channel [1], [2]. This includes pacemakers for generating electric pulses, micro-scale robots that operate in the bloodstream, and smart pills for identifying abnormalities in the gastrointestinal tract. However, the modern deep tissue systems consume a significant amount of energy by generating their own radio signals. For instance, wireless capsules for endoscopy consume up to 10 times more power than the sensors [1]. Due to these reasons, the large battery of the capsule consumes 40-50% of the total space of the capsule [2]. Reduction in this form-factor (i.e., the size, shape, and other physical specifications of electronic components) of these capsules can not only improve the likelihood of completion of endoscopy but also make them easy to swallow and excrete. Similar challenges are faced in the case of on-body sensors. The premise of on-body sensor networks is to build a network of devices capable of operating in a battery-free manner by means of smart networking, and power management at the granularity of individual bits and instructions. This is challenging to achieve through conventional networking approaches due to the need for active radio circuits, large form-factors, and their energy constraint nature. Thus, we expect that it is important to divorce the healthcare from conventional wireless solutions and move towards innovative systems for seamlessly connecting the in-body and on-body wireless devices.Backscatter communication is an emerging paradigm and a key enabler for pervasive connectivity of low-powered wireless devices [3]. It is primarily beneficial in situations where computing and connectivity capabilities expand to sensors and miniature devices that exchange data on a low power budget. Due to this in...

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Link Budget Validation for Backscatter-Radio System in Sub-1GHz

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

Ambient FSK Backscatter Communications using LTE Cell Specific Reference Signals

Ambient FSK Backscatter Communications using LTE Cell Specific Reference Signals

Secret Key Generation Between Ambient Backscatter Devices

Applications of Backscatter Communications for Healthcare Networks

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