Link between healthy lifestyle and psychological well-being in Lithuanian adults aged 45–72: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

ObjectiveThis study uses a cross-sectional study design to analyse the connection between psychological well-being (PWB) and components of a healthy lifestyle in the Lithuanian population aged 45–72. The purpose of our study is to establish the links between PWB and lifestyle factors such as physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption and dietary patterns in people above the age of 44.ParticipantsA stratified sample of 10 940 urban citizens aged 45–72 years were randomly selected from the National Population Register. The response rate was 65%.MethodsPWB was evaluated by using a Control Autonomy Self-realization and Pleasure (CASP-12) questionnaire. The standard questionnaire included questions regarding the respondent's sociodemographic, socioeconomic and social status. The lifestyle questionnaire evaluated behavioural factors as smoking status, alcohol consumption, nutrition habits and physical activity. Objective measurements of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors were taken.ResultsAdjusted for sociodemographic, socioeconomic, social and biological CVD risk factors, the probability of higher PWB increased for physically active men and women and male former smokers. Higher PWB was directly associated with consumption of fresh vegetables and fruits. Responders who consumed potatoes, meat, boiled vegetables and eggs less frequently than average were more likely to have higher PWB. A direct association was ascertained between PWB and consumption of chicken and fish, as well as an inverse association between PWB and consumption of sweets in women.ConclusionsHealthy lifestyle education efforts should focus on increasing physical activity, controlling smoking and improving diversity in healthy food consumption including the consumption of fresh vegetables and fruits, particularly among older adults with lower PWB.

Lifestyle determinants of behavioural outcomes triggered by direct‐to‐consumer advertising of prescription medicines: a cross‐sectional study

“…34,35 Lifestyle behaviours can affect both consumer behaviour 36 and consumer health. [37][38][39][40][41][42] Lifestyle has been studied as a leading contributor to health outcomes by researchers. 43 Previous research has established that the study of lifestyle behaviours can provide more information about, and a better picture of, individuals than their demographics.…”

“…44 Unhealthy nutrition, physical inactivity, drug abuse, smoking, alcohol consumption and medicine abuse are common indicators of an unhealthy lifestyle. [41][42][43]45 According to existing studies, engaging in one or more unhealthy lifestyle behaviours advances the risk of death. [46][47][48][49] A meta-analysis revealed that having a healthy lifestyle is linked to a lower risk of death so that a mix of healthy lifestyle behaviours, such as not smoking, moderate alcohol drinking, healthy nutrition, regular physical activity, and having an optimal weight, was linked to a 66% decrease in mortality.…”

“…Aspects of bodily experiences, which are normally reflections of individuals’ lifestyles, have been medicalised by the pharmaceutical industry’s efforts to find treatments for these ‘new’ illnesses 34,35 . Lifestyle behaviours can affect both consumer behaviour 36 and consumer health 37–42 . Lifestyle has been studied as a leading contributor to health outcomes by researchers 43 .…”

“…Health lifestyles are defined as health‐related behaviours according to individuals’ preferences from available options 44 . Unhealthy nutrition, physical inactivity, drug abuse, smoking, alcohol consumption and medicine abuse are common indicators of an unhealthy lifestyle 41–43,45 . According to existing studies, engaging in one or more unhealthy lifestyle behaviours advances the risk of death 46–49 .…”

Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Gene Expression in PBMCs of Iranian Azeri Turkish Patients with Premature Coronary Artery Disease (Age ≤50 Years)

“…Another limitation of this investigation was that the cross-sectional design did not allow us to evaluate the origin-effect factors. Patients with PCAD may have several risk factors such as psychosocial factors, fruit and vegetable consumption, stress and physical activity (38). Molecular analysis of other genes and their pathophysiological effects on the pathogenesis of PCAD, such as TNFRs, needs to be carried out.…”