Link between gut microbiota and health outcomes in inulin -treated obese patients: Lessons from the Food4Gut multicenter randomized placebo-controlled trial

Hiel, Sophie; Gianfrancesco, Marco; Rodriguez, Julie; Portheault, Daphnée; Leyrolle, Quentin; Bindels, Laure B.; Cauduro, Carolina Gomes da Silveira; Mulders, Maria D.G.H.; Zamariola, Giorgia; Azzi, Anne-Sophie; Kalala, Gaétan; Pachikian, Barbara D.; Amadieu, Camille; Loumaye, Audrey; Cani, Patrice D.; Lanthier, Nicolas; Tréfois, Pierre; Klein, Olivier; Luminet, Olivier; Bindelle, Jérôme; Paquot, Nicolas; Cnop, Miriam; Thissen, Jean‐Paul

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2020.04.005

Cited by 101 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In our study, we have evaluated the feasibility of both CAP and LSM measurement using transient elastography (TE) (with M or XL probes) to analyze the spectrum of MAFLD severity (i.e. steatosis and fibrosis degree) in obese individuals recruited prospectively in St Luc Hospital (Belgium) in the Food4Gut study 20 . This allowed us to elaborate the link between MAFLD severity and extra-hepatic alterations incriminating adiposity, skeletal muscle dysfunction and the gut microbiome.…”

Section: Smdimentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota analysis and transient elastography reveal new extra-hepatic components of liver steatosis and fibrosis in obese patients

Lanthier

Rodriguez

Nachit

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Obesity could lead to metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), which severity could be linked to muscle and gut microbiota disturbances. Our prospective study enrolled 52 obese patients whose MAFLD severity was estimated by transient elastography. Patients with severe steatosis (n = 36) had higher ALAT values, fasting blood glucose levels as well as higher visceral adipose tissue area and skeletal muscle index evaluated by computed tomography. Patients with fibrosis (n = 13) had higher ASAT values, increased whole muscle area and lower skeletal muscle density index. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, myosteatosis was the strongest factor associated with fibrosis. Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicon was performed on fecal samples. The relative abundance of fecal Clostridium sensu stricto was significantly decreased with the presence of liver fibrosis and was negatively associated with liver stiffness measurement and myosteatosis. In addition, 19 amplicon sequence variants were regulated according to the severity of the disease. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) also highlighted discriminant microbes in patients with fibrosis, such as an enrichment of Enterobacteriaceae and Escherichia/Shigella compared to patients with severe steatosis without fibrosis. All those data suggest a gut-liver-muscle axis in the pathogenesis of MAFLD complications.

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Section: Smdimentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota analysis and transient elastography reveal new extra-hepatic components of liver steatosis and fibrosis in obese patients

Lanthier

Rodriguez

Nachit

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…110 Similarly, inulin-enriched diet is able to promote weight loss in obese patients and its effect is related to the characteristics of intestinal flora. 111 Several studies have also found the role of prebiotics in lowering blood pressure, 92 preventing low-density lipoprotein oxidation, 112 and improving visceral obesity. 113 Although the current scientific evidence does not support the use of prebiotics to treat HF patients or reduce plasma TMAO levels, it can still be used in further trials for CVD.…”

Section: Tang Et Al (2013) 133mentioning

confidence: 99%

TMAO: how gut microbiota contributes to heart failure

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2021

Translational Research

151

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An increasing amount of evidence reveals that the gut microbiota is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of various cardiovascular diseases. In patients with heart failure (HF), splanchnic hypoperfusion causes ischemia and intestinal edema, allowing bacterial translocation and bacterial metabolites to enter the blood circulation via an impaired intestinal barrier. This results in local and systemic inflammatory responses. Gut microbe-derived metabolites are implicated in the pathology of multiple diseases, including HF. These landmark findings suggest that gut microbiota influences the host's metabolic health, either directly or indirectly by producing several metabolites. In this review, we mainly discuss a newly identified gut microbiota-dependent metabolite, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), which appears to participate in the pathologic processes of HF and can serve as an early warning marker to identify individuals who are at the risk of disease progression. We also discuss the potential of the gutÀTMAOÀHF axis as a new target for HF treatment and highlight the current controversies and potentially new and exciting directions for future research.

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“…43 Like in mice, the increase in genus Akkermansia caused by metformin was also found in rats treated with HFD and diabetic rats. 41,45 We found ten studies on the effect of metformin on the gut microbiota in obese or T2DM patients, two of which were conducted in obese patients 50,51 and eight in T2DM patients [52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59] (Table 3) compared the changes in the gut microbiota of newly diagnosed T2DM patients (without drug treatment before the visit) who received metformin for different follow-up times (from 3 days to 2 years). Four studies were conducted in T2DM patients who had received drug treatment and compared the gut microbiota of patients with vs without metformin treatment.…”

Section: Metformin and The Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…53 Two studies on obese patients also found that metformin significantly increased the proportion of the Escherichia/Shigella group. 50,51 Dysbiosis in gut microbiota is strongly associated with the pathogenesis of obesity and T2DM. The composition of gut microbiota exhibited significant differences among obese, T2DM and healthy individuals.…”

Section: Metformin and The Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Effects of Metformin on the Gut Microbiota in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus</p>

Zhang¹,

Hu²

2020

DMSO

125

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Metformin is a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, its underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Gut microbiota affect the development and progression of T2DM. In recent years, an increasing number of studies has focused on the relationship between metformin and gut microbiota, suggesting that metformin might exert part of its hypoglycemic effect through these microbes. However, most of these results were not consistent due to the complex composition of the microbiota, the differences between species, the large variation between individuals, and the differences in experimental design, bringing great obstacle for our better understanding of the effects of metformin on the gut microbiota. Here, we reviewed the published papers concerning about the impacts of metformin on the gut microbiota of mice, rats, and humans with obesity or T2DM, and summarized the changes of gut microbiota composition caused by metformin and the possible underlying hypoglycemic mechanism which is related to gut microbiota. It was found that the proportions of some microbiota, such as phyla Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia and genera Akkermansia, Bacteroides and Escherichia , were significantly affected by metformin in several studies. Metformin may exert part of hypoglycemic effects by altering the gut microbiota in ways that maintain the integrity of the intestinal barrier, promote the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), regulate bile acid metabolism, and improve glucose homeostasis.

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Link between gut microbiota and health outcomes in inulin -treated obese patients: Lessons from the Food4Gut multicenter randomized placebo-controlled trial

Cited by 101 publications

References 39 publications

Microbiota analysis and transient elastography reveal new extra-hepatic components of liver steatosis and fibrosis in obese patients

Microbiota analysis and transient elastography reveal new extra-hepatic components of liver steatosis and fibrosis in obese patients

TMAO: how gut microbiota contributes to heart failure

<p>Effects of Metformin on the Gut Microbiota in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus</p>

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