LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4-δ (LNMO) as Co-free cathode for lithium ion batteries via solution-gel synthesis: Particle size and morphology investigation

Evaluation of Electronic–Ionic Transport Properties of a Mg/Zr-Modified LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Cathode for Li-Ion Batteries

“…Further magnification (Figure h) clearly shows that the size of m-LNMO particles is on the order of approximately 5–10 nm. A smaller particle size could be beneficial to obtain a higher specific capacity and energy density in spinel cathode materials by shortening the Li-ion diffusion pathway, thus resulting in rapid insertion and extraction of Li ions . The selected area electron diffraction (SAED) technique was utilized to collect electron diffraction patterns.…”

Solution-gel-based surface modification of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4−δ with amorphous Li–Ti–O coating

“…LNMO powder was synthesized via a citric acid based solution-gel synthesis route. 22 Aqueous 104 mM LiCH 3 COO·2H 2 O (Sigma Aldrich, reagent grade, 6108-17-4), 50 mM Ni(CH 3 COO) 2 ·4H 2 O (Sigma Aldrich, 98%, 6018-89-9) and 150 mM Mn(CH 3 COO) 2 ·4H 2 O (Sigma Aldrich, 99%, 6156-78-1) solutions were prepared and their concentrations were measured with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Li, Ni, Mn aqueous precursor solutions and 1000 ppm Li, Ni, Mn standards were diluted by 5% HNO 3 (JT Baker, for trace metal analysis) to 1–10 ppm interval for ICP-AES measurements.…”

Scope and significance of transition metal oxide nanomaterials for next-generation Li-ion batteries

“…Co-free LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4− δ (LNMO) synthesized by Okudur et al by an ammonia-gel route has yielded LNMO micro/nanoparticles, showing excellent stability for 400 cycles at 2C for retaining the CC–CV mode. 121 Unlike the previous, we can understand the negative significance of utilizing nanostructures without proper optimization. The nanomaterial obtained through ball-milling is a larger agglomerate possessing fewer surface features and more surface, which results in the electrolyte exacerbating the material's performance and thereby promoting increased Mn dissolution as a chain reaction.…”