Linguistic theory and aphasia: an overview

Garraffa, Maria; Fyndanis, Valantis

doi:10.1080/02687038.2020.1770196

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…The same results can be accounted for by the TPH (Friedmann & Grodzinsky, 1997) and Hagiwara's (1995) hypothesis only under Belletti's (1990Belletti's ( , 1994 syntactic analysis of the Italian sentential negation. This study, therefore, illustrates the importance of syntactic theory and of choosing between competing theoretical approaches when it comes to accounting for patterns of (morpho)syntactic production in PWAs and to testing relevant hypotheses (for more details regarding the relationship between linguistic theory and aphasia research, see Garraffa & Fyndanis, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Production of Sentential Negation in German and Italian Non-fluent Aphasia

Fyndanis

Miceli

Capasso³

et al. 2022

J Psycholinguist Res

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The ability of persons with non-fluent aphasia (PWAs) to produce sentential negation has been investigated in several languages, but only in small samples. Accounts of (morpho)syntactic impairment in PWAs have emphasized various factors, such as whether the negative marker blocks or interferes with verb movement, the position of the Negation Phrase in the syntactic hierarchy or the interpretability of negation. This study investigates the ability of German- and Italian-speaking PWAs to construct negative sentences, as well as the role of verbal working memory (WM) capacity and education in task performance and production of sentential negation. German and Italian differ in the syntactic properties of the negative markers that are relevant here (nicht and non, respectively). A sentence anagram task tapping into the construction of negative and affirmative declarative sentences was administered to 9 German- and 7 Italian-speaking PWAs, and to 14 German- and 11 Italian-speaking age- and education-matched healthy volunteers. We fitted generalized linear mixed-effects models to the datasets. There was no significant difference between negative and affirmative sentences in either group of PWAs. There was a main effect of verbal WM capacity on task performance, but no interaction between verbal WM capacity and production of negative vs. affirmative sentences. Education did not affect task performance. The results are discussed in light of different linguistically-informed accounts of (morpho)syntactic impairment in non-fluent aphasia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Production of Sentential Negation in German and Italian Non-fluent Aphasia

Fyndanis

Miceli

Capasso³

et al. 2022

J Psycholinguist Res

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“…To explain these impairments, other approaches can be used. For example, N. Chomsky's conception of generative grammar (Caplan & Marshall, 1976;Garraffa & Fyndanis, 2020).…”

Section: 7 Dynamic Aphasia and Semantic Aphasiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Encuentro en El Medio: Enfoque De Luria Y Enfoque Cognitivo Para El Deterioro Del Lenguaje Hablado en La Afasia

Elisaveta¹,

Скворцов²,

Baulina³

et al. 2021

Pap. Psicol.

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phasiology is one of the main branches of neuropsychology. It made a significant contribution to our understanding of mental functions. Analysis of aphasic deficits allows to conclude which psychological components are essential for speech processing. Luria's classification of aphasias is one of the most popular approaches of aphasia diagnostics in Russia, but it is also well known and used in the countries of Latin America, Mexico, Australia and others. One of the most common approaches in the European Union and in the United States of America are the spread activation theories, the module approach, as well as the symbol approach. The dual-route model is based on symbol approach and was chosen for the present analysis as one of the most influential models of speech processing in cognitive neuropsychology. It was developed in line with the so-called symbolic approach in cognitive psychology. The dual-route model is related to the classic structuralist approach Wernicke-Lichtheim Model of Aphasia. Luria's theory was based on accomplishments of functionalist approach, which investigated the structure of mental functions (Luria, 1962(Luria, , 2002.The aim of this paper is to conduct a comparative analysis between syndromes of aphasia, described by Luria, and elements of spoken speech described in the dual-route model. Such a comparison is possible, since both dual-route model and Luria's neuropsychological approach define speech as a complex process which includes different elements. Thus, investigating the structure of speech processing is one of the main aims of both approaches. THE DUAL-ROUTE MODELBased on the computer metaphor, the dual-route model defines speech as a complex system, which includes preassigned elements which interact with each other (Coltheart, 2017). Blocks of information processing and storage are one of these elements. All these elements are interrelated, which is why it is possible to describe speech processes in terms of their interactions. Words are the main elements of information, which are processed in the cognitive system. More general speech elements are not examined in this model.The basic principles of symbolic neurocognitive approach were formulated as (Caramazza, 2006;Coltheart, 2017; Whitworth et al., 2014): 1) universality of cognitive architecture (cognitive system is organized in a similar way among different individuals and includes basic cognitive processes and representations); 2) transparancy (patients with brain lesions have a similar cognitive system, except for some singular impaired elements, which express themselves in the way how patients perform different tasks). If standard components, responsible for a particular speech process, are impaired, the patient is still able to complete the task, relying upon other elements of the cognitive system. This does not signify that a new cognitive structure is developing, to the contrary, it means that other, already existing

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“…In spite of the fact that anomia was traditionally considered the core deficit in aphasia, from the 70's sentence comprehension has been extensively investigated in several languages, and it is well-known that it is compromised even in non-fluent aphasias (e.g., Caramazza and Zurif, 1976 ; Schwartz et al, 1980 ; Grodzinsky, 1990 ; Hickok et al, 1993 ; Grillo, 2009 ). The comprehension deficit of certain sentence types has been explained in terms of memory impairment (e.g., Hickok, 2000 ; Stowe, 2000 ; Aboitiz et al, 2006 ; Varkanitsa and Caplan, 2018 ), and also as the result of linguistic deficits (e.g., Grodzinsky, 2000 ; Bastiaanse and van Zonneveld, 2005 ; Friedmann, 2006 ; see Garraffa and Fyndanis, 2020 ). In fact, both language and STM are argued to rely on extensive neural networks and have been often located in the same areas (see Varkanitsa and Caplan, 2018 for a review), in particular, phonological working memory relies on extensive temporoparietal-prefontal connections according to Hickok and Poeppel ( 2000 ) or the inferior frontal gyrus according to Aboitiz et al ( 2006 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term memory and sentence comprehension in Catalan aphasia

Salmons

Muntané-Sánchez²,

Gavarró³

2022

Front. Psychol.

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The main goal of the present study is to investigate visual and verbal short-term memory side to side with sentence comprehension in Catalan-speaking subjects with aphasia in comparison with subjects without brain damage. We aim to examine whether there are any significant correlations between their performance on short-term memory and comprehension tasks in order to evaluate the hypothesis that linguistic and memory deficits in aphasia are the result of a dysfunction of a common mechanism, usually short-term memory. Eigthy-four control subjects and twelve individuals suffering from different types of aphasia were assessed using the Catalan version of the Comprehensive Aphasia Test (CAT-CAT), which includes one recognition task and two digit and word span tests to evaluate visual and verbal short-term memory, respectively, as well as a sentence-to-picture comprehension task. The results showed that the performance of subjects with aphasia was significantly low on all tasks. Yet, the logistic regression analysis revealed that the magnitude of the differences between the control and experimental group varied across subtests, and that visual short-term memory was better preserved than verbal memory. The results also showed that there were no significant correlations between memory and language comprehension, which rules out the hypothesis that the deficits observed are due to a common underlying mechanism. Individual variation was also observed, specially on memory subtests, which suggest that memory impairments cannot explain the comprehension deficit in aphasia.

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Linguistic theory and aphasia: an overview

Cited by 16 publications

References 96 publications

Production of Sentential Negation in German and Italian Non-fluent Aphasia

Production of Sentential Negation in German and Italian Non-fluent Aphasia

Encuentro en El Medio: Enfoque De Luria Y Enfoque Cognitivo Para El Deterioro Del Lenguaje Hablado en La Afasia

Short-term memory and sentence comprehension in Catalan aphasia

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