Linguistic Effects on the Neural Basis of Theory of Mind

Frank, Chiyoko Kobayashi

doi:10.2174/1874440001004020037

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 96 publications

(140 reference statements)

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“…There is also some evidence to suggest that the neural networks supporting ToM may be subject to modulation by linguistic factors (e.g. one’s native language; [18]). Nevertheless, the tightness of the neural link between language and ToM remains a controversial issue (for arguments in favor, see e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Yes, You Can? A Speaker’s Potency to Act upon His Words Orchestrates Early Neural Responses to Message-Level Meaning

Bornkessel-Schlesewsky

Krauspenhaar

Schlesewsky

2013

PLoS ONE

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Evidence is accruing that, in comprehending language, the human brain rapidly integrates a wealth of information sources–including the reader or hearer’s knowledge about the world and even his/her current mood. However, little is known to date about how language processing in the brain is affected by the hearer’s knowledge about the speaker. Here, we investigated the impact of social attributions to the speaker by measuring event-related brain potentials while participants watched videos of three speakers uttering true or false statements pertaining to politics or general knowledge: a top political decision maker (the German Federal Minister of Finance at the time of the experiment), a well-known media personality and an unidentifiable control speaker. False versus true statements engendered an N400 - late positivity response, with the N400 (150–450 ms) constituting the earliest observable response to message-level meaning. Crucially, however, the N400 was modulated by the combination of speaker and message: for false versus true political statements, an N400 effect was only observable for the politician, but not for either of the other two speakers; for false versus true general knowledge statements, an N400 was engendered by all three speakers. We interpret this result as demonstrating that the neurophysiological response to message-level meaning is immediately influenced by the social status of the speaker and whether he/she has the power to bring about the state of affairs described.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…that “pragmatic aspects of language affect ToM more than constitutive aspects [e.g. syntax and semantics]” [18]. In this view, language and social cognition are implemented in separable brain systems which do not rely on one another, but may ultimately interact in the realization of communicative goals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yes, You Can? A Speaker’s Potency to Act upon His Words Orchestrates Early Neural Responses to Message-Level Meaning

Bornkessel-Schlesewsky

Krauspenhaar

Schlesewsky

2013

PLoS ONE

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“…In addition to the Language of Thought Hypothesis, Noam Chomsky's idea of Universal Grammar offers an alternative perspective on neurolinguistics to that of Sapir-Whorf [10][11][12]. The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis highlights the significant influence of language in forming cognitive processes, whereas Chomsky's Universal Grammar theory concentrates on the universal and innate features of human language, leading to essentially divergent perspectives.…”

Section: Comparing Different Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Does Language Influence Our Minds? From a Linguistics Perspective

Mei

2024

LNEP

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The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, which was first proposed by linguists Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the early 20th century, is currently the most widely accepted theory of neurolinguistics. It makes the argument that language influences cognition and perception, i.e., that people's basic worldviews vary depending on the language they use. Their hypothesis, sometimes referred to as "linguistic relativity," contends that a language's lexicon and structure affect perception. This claim has been disputed on a number of different grounds.Specifically, the hypothesis is composed of two different parts called Linguistic Diversity and Linguistic Influence on Thought, which argue that languages have fundamental differences from each other and that the differences between individual languages create cognitive differences within people. With regards to the latter cognitive section of the theory, there are two key tiers that it is divided into. The first tier proposes a universal "rock bottom" of human consciousness, where everyone must share a basic level of perception. The second tier delves into the semantic details of various languages, asserting that these linguistic nuances contribute to different interpretations layered atop the universal foundation. Moreover, the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis has been even further bisected into two distinct versions depending on how strongly they convey the idea of linguistic relativity, with a strong version arguing that native language completely alters our perspective and a weak version that only suggests a weak connection between the two.

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“…struktur meliputi pemaham an terhadap tema atau ide pokok sebuah teks, susunan Belakangan ini, kajian tentang makrocerita, kelengkapan cerita, keringkasan struktur mulai dilirik oleh ahli klinis yang cerita, hubungan logis antarbagian cerita mengaplikasikan aspek makrostruktur untuk melihat kemampuan komunikasi pada pasien yang mengalami cedera otak, seperti yang dilakukan oleh ahli terapi bahasa Myers (1993), Brookshire dan Nicholas (1993); Ryder, dkk. (2008), Kobayashi (2010), Wolfe (2010), Sastra (2011;2012), dan Handoko (2015). Hal ini dikarenakan makrosturktur berpotensi sebagai model untuk pemahaman dan produksi wacana atau teks yang meliputi aspek yang lebih kompleks seperti menyelesaikan masalah, memberi solusi, atau analisis kritis.…”

Section: Kompetensi Makrostruktur Dan Fungsi Uji Kompetensi Kebahasaa...unclassified

Kompetensi Makrostruktur Mahasiswa Unidha Dilihat Dari Fungsi Hemisfer Kanan

2016

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Research on language competence of university students is critical since many people consider them have problem in well manner, especially in communication. Communication is not only passing information from speaker to hearer through language but also involve critical thinking and cognitive aspect of language. Macrostructure is competence which reflects speakers ability in using cognitive aspect to processing language. While microstructure is processed in left hemispher, macrostructure depends on process in right hemisphere. It is because macrostructure need holistic processing which connect partial informations and figure out the relation between the informations. Research toward students of Universitas Dharma Andalas shows that many students have problem in processing macrostructure aspect of language. About 81% participants have problem in summarizing, 75% participants have problem in memorizing adjective, 70% participants have problem in immidiate memory processing, 75% particiants have difficulty in figuring implicit relation, and 70% participants have difficult in using cohesion.

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Linguistic Effects on the Neural Basis of Theory of Mind

Cited by 9 publications

References 96 publications

Yes, You Can? A Speaker’s Potency to Act upon His Words Orchestrates Early Neural Responses to Message-Level Meaning

Yes, You Can? A Speaker’s Potency to Act upon His Words Orchestrates Early Neural Responses to Message-Level Meaning

How Does Language Influence Our Minds? From a Linguistics Perspective

Kompetensi Makrostruktur Mahasiswa Unidha Dilihat Dari Fungsi Hemisfer Kanan

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