Linguistic and Conceptual Control of Visual Spatial Attention

Logan, Gordon D.

doi:10.1006/cogp.1995.1004

Cited by 217 publications

(185 citation statements)

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“…And fourth, locations of groups relative to each other may be represented conceptually by predicates like above (x, y) that express categorical spatial relations (Logan & Sadler, 1996). Location can be selected in the third and fourth senses by applying visual routines that are outside the current model (Cave & Wolfe, 1990;Koch & Ullman, 1985;Logan, 1995).…”

Section: The Wedding Of Code and Tvamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The computational problem is more complex than with search, because attention has to move in a specific direction. Few theories address the problem even though it is a major issue in cuing tasks (but see Logan, 1995).…”

Section: How Does Selection Between Objects Occur?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The late location system is identified with processes in the magnocellular pathway leading through V2, V3, and V5 to posterior Figure 1. Architecture of the CODE Theory of Visual Attention, including an early system in which location and identity information are combined, represented by the CODE theory, a late system that processes identity information, represented by Bundesen's (1990) Theory of Visual Attention (TVA), and a late location system, represented by Logan's ( 1995 ) spatial relation theory. Top panel: schematic representation of components; bottom panel: theories associated with the components.…”

Section: Basic Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The late location system is less well developed because less is known about conceptual representation of location. The CODE theory of visual attention adopts a preliminary theory proposed by Logan ( 1995 ) that accounts for some instances of conceptually guided selection between perceptual objects.…”

Section: Basic Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The processes that govern the selection of above-threshold regions for processing are outside the scope of CODE and TVA. Not much is known about them (but see Cave & Wolfe, 1990;Koch & Ullman, 1985;Logan, 1995). Nevertheless, they must take time and that time must contribute to the effects that appear in human performance.…”

Section: The Wedding Of Code and Tvamentioning

confidence: 99%

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The CODE theory of visual attention: An integration of space-based and object-based attention.

Logan

1996

Psychological Review

278

344

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This article presents a theory that inte~ates space-based and object-based approaches to visual attention. The theory puts together M. P. van Oeffelen and P. G. Vos's ( 1982Vos's ( , 1983) COntour DEtector (CODE) theory of perceptual grouping by proximity with C. Bundesen's (1990) theory of visual attention (TVA). CODE provides input to TVA, accounting for spatially based between-object selection, and TVA converts the input to output, accounting for feature-and category-based withinobject selection. CODE clusters nearby items into perceptual groups that are both perceptual objects and regions of space, thereby integrating object-based and space-based approaches to attention. The combined theory provides a quantitative account of the effects of grouping by proximity and dis~nce between items on reaction time and accuracy data in 7 empirical situations that shaped the current literature on visual spatial attention.For the last decade the attention literature has been embroiled in a debate over the nature of visual spatial attention that focuses on the "thing" that attention selects (e.g., Baylis & Driver, 1993;Driver & Baylis, 1989;Duncan, 1984;Egly, Driver, & Rafal, 1994;Kramer & Jacobson, 1991;Vecera & Farah, 1994). Advocates of space-based attention argue that attention selects regions of space independent of the objects they contain. Attention is like a spotlight illuminating a region of space. Objects that fall within the beam are processed; objects that fall outside it are not (Eriksen & Eriksen, 1974;Eriksen & St. James, 1986;Posner, 1980;Posner & Cohen, 1984;Treisman & Gelade, 1980;Treisman & Gormican, 1988). Advocates of object-based attention argue that attention selects objects rather than regions of space. Selection is spatial because objects necessarily occupy regions of space, but objects rather than the regions themselves are the things that are selected (Kahneman & Henik, 1981;Kahneman & Treisman, 1984;Kahneman, Treisman, & Gibbs, 1992;Pylyshyn & Storm, 1988). Objectbased theories assume that attention only selects regions of space that are occupied by objects, whereas space-based theories assume that attention can select empty regions of space (cf. Yantis, 1992).The purpose of this article is to propose a theory of visual spatial attention that integrates space-based and object-based views. The theory takes a computational approach to the problem, characterizing attention in terms of representations and the processes that operate on them. It differs from most ap- proaches to attention by being concerned with the representation of space and the representation of objects, incorporating a theory of perceptual organization and a theory of selection. The resolution of the controversy derives from the theory's assumptions about representation.The article begins by describing five important questions that face any theory of visual spatial attention. The answers proposed by the new theory are presented by way of describing the theory. The theory is applied to seven important paradigms that shaped the cur...

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Section: The Wedding Of Code and Tvamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: How Does Selection Between Objects Occur?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Basic Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Basic Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Wedding Of Code and Tvamentioning

confidence: 99%

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The CODE theory of visual attention: An integration of space-based and object-based attention.

Logan

1996

Psychological Review

278

344

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Analysing uncertainty in location memory: issues in the design of spatial database systems

Lansdale

Cotes

1999

Appl. Cognit. Psychol.

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Professional Experience and Referencing Context Explain Variance in Use of Spatial Frames of Reference

Hüther

Müller

Spada

2016

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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SummaryThe location of objects in relation to other objects can be perceived of and communicated in different ways. Assuming that variance in spatial Frame of Reference (FoR) use may be explained by practical professional requirements, we reasoned that medical professionals may increasingly use the intrinsic FoR which because of its observer‐independence is less prone to misunderstandings than relative FoRs. We compared FoR‐use of beginner and advanced medical students (n = 142) to that of law students (n = 191) using 40 ambiguous referencing tasks. We found that medical students applied the intrinsic FoR more frequently than law students in a medical yet not in a generic context. Beginners did not differ from advanced students. Within contexts, individuals were highly consistent in their FoR‐use. Investigation of latencies indicates that processing of the intrinsic FoR becomes easier with practice. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Linguistic and Conceptual Control of Visual Spatial Attention

Cited by 217 publications

References 0 publications

The CODE theory of visual attention: An integration of space-based and object-based attention.

The CODE theory of visual attention: An integration of space-based and object-based attention.

Analysing uncertainty in location memory: issues in the design of spatial database systems

Professional Experience and Referencing Context Explain Variance in Use of Spatial Frames of Reference

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