Lingual Fat at Autopsy

Nashi, Nadia; Kang, Sharon; Barkdull, Gregory C.; Lucas, Jonathan; Davidson, Terence M.

doi:10.1097/mlg.0b013e318068b566

Cited by 130 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Nashi et al studied the tongues from 121 consecutive medical examiner cases and observed a high fat content in this organ, mainly in the posterior third. The Nashi group also verified that the weight, volume and fat content of the tongue were associated with a higher BMI, suggesting an association between obesity and a modified Mallampati grade of 3 or 4 27 . Modern image acquisition studies have shown an association between anatomical characteristics, such as large tongues and narrowed upper airways, and OSAS 28 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Upper airway dimensions in patients with craniocervical junction malformations with and without sleep apnea. A pilot case-control study

Guerreiro

Bittencourt

Reis

et al. 2015

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective Patients with craniocervical junction malformations (CCJM) tend to suffer more frequently from sleep respiratory disturbances, which are more frequent and severe in patients with basilar invagination. Here we evaluate if patients with CCJM and sleep respiratory disorders (SRD) present smaller airway dimensions than patients without SRD. Method Patients with CCCM with and without sleep respiratory disturbances were evaluated clinically by Bindal's score, modified Mallampati classification, full-night polysomnography and upper airway cone beam tomography. Results Eleven patients had sleep respiratory disorders (SRD), and nine patients performed control group without SRD. CCJM patients with SRD were predominantly female, older, had higher BMI, were more likely to have Mallampati grades 3 and 4 and had statistically significant smaller anteroposterior diameter of the upper airway than patients without SRD. Conclusion Patients with CCJM and sleep respiratory disturbances have higher BMI, higher Mallampati score and smaller anterior posterior diameter of the upper airway.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Upper airway dimensions in patients with craniocervical junction malformations with and without sleep apnea. A pilot case-control study

Guerreiro

Bittencourt

Reis

et al. 2015

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We anticipated that the volume of the parapharyngeal fat pads would be greater in NZO mice than in leaner NZW mice, as was previously shown in obese human patients with OSA (6,7,25). It has also been shown that obese humans have fat infiltration of their tongue, which increases with the degree of obesity (26). This likely contributes to enlargement of the tongue, and we have shown that increased tongue size in patients with OSA is a risk factor for OSA (6,27).…”

mentioning

confidence: 77%

“…The tongue is composed of muscular and fatty tissue. An autopsy study (26) demonstrated that the human tongue has a remarkably high percentage of fat and that increasing tongue weight and percentage of tongue fat are associated with increasing obesity. Apnea was not examined in that study.…”

Section: Size Of Upper Airway Soft Tissue Structures In the Nzo Mousementioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Upper Airway and Soft Tissue Structures in the New Zealand Obese Mouse

Brennick¹,

Pack²,

Ko³

et al. 2009

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rationale: The effect of obesity on upper airway soft tissue structure and size was examined in the New Zealand Obese (NZO) mouse and in a control lean mouse, the New Zealand White (NZW). Objectives: We hypothesized that the NZO mouse has increased volume of neck fat and upper airway soft tissues and decreased pharyngeal airway caliber. Methods: Pharyngeal airway size, volume of the upper airway soft tissue structures, and distribution of fat in the neck and body were measured using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Dynamic MRI was used to examine the differences in upper airway caliber between inspiration and expiration in NZO versus NZW mice. Measurements and Main Results:The data support the hypothesis that, in obese NZO versus lean NZW mice, airway caliber was significantly smaller (P , 0.03), with greater parapharyngeal fat pad volumes (P , 0.0001) and a greater volume of other upper airway soft tissue structures (tongue, P 5 0.003; lateral pharyngeal walls, P 5 0.01; soft palate, P 5 0.02). Dynamic MRI showed that the airway of the obese NZO mouse dilated during inspiration, whereas in the lean NZW mouse, the upper airway was reduced in size during inspiration. Conclusions: In addition to the increased volume of pharyngeal soft tissue structures, direct fat deposits within the tongue may contribute to airway compromise in obesity. Pharyngeal airway dilation during inspiration in NZO mice compared with narrowing in NZW mice suggests that airway compromise in obese mice may lead to muscle activation to defend upper airway patency during inspiration.

show abstract

“…2 Obesity may modify the upper airway through the enlargement of the upper airway soft tissues, especially the tongue. 3,4 Several other factors, including neuromuscular modulation, control of breathing, and arousal threshold, may contribute to OSA severity as expressed by AHI. 5,6 All these factors may interact differently according to sex, age, and ethnicity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Craniofacial Characteristics Predict Upper Airway Collapsibility in Japanese-Brazilian and White Men

Schorr

Kayamori

Hirata

et al. 2016

Chest

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND: OSA pathogenesis is complex and may vary according to ethnicity. The anatomic component predisposing to OSA is the result of the interaction between bony structure and upper airway soft tissues and can be assessed using passive critical closing pressure (Pcrit). We hypothesized that Japanese-Brazilians and whites present different predictors of upper airway collapsibility, suggesting different causal pathways to developing OSA in these two groups.

show abstract

Lingual Fat at Autopsy

Abstract: Increase in tongue weight and percentage of fat, and therefore tongue volume, may explain why patients with weight gain have higher rates of SDB. Tongue weight, fat, and volume may also correlate with and explain Mallampati grades.

Cited by 130 publications

References 4 publications

Upper airway dimensions in patients with craniocervical junction malformations with and without sleep apnea. A pilot case-control study

Upper airway dimensions in patients with craniocervical junction malformations with and without sleep apnea. A pilot case-control study

Altered Upper Airway and Soft Tissue Structures in the New Zealand Obese Mouse

Different Craniofacial Characteristics Predict Upper Airway Collapsibility in Japanese-Brazilian and White Men

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About