Linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Staphylococcus hominis: single and double mutations at the domain V of 23S rRNA among isolates from a Rio de Janeiro hospital

Chamon, Raiane Cardoso; Iório, Natalia Lopes Pontes; Cavalcante, Fátima Gonçalves; Teodoro, Cristiane R.S.; Oliveira, Ana Paula Chaves de; Maia, Fernanda Maria Machado; Santos, Kátia Regina Netto dos

doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2014.09.011

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…These mutations were associated with resistance to linezolid in an outbreak of S. hominis subsp. hominis circulating in ICUs in Spain and recently in southwestern Brazil (9,26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emergence of methicillin‐resistant coagulase‐negative staphylococci resistant to linezolid with rRNA gene C2190T and G2603T mutations

Cidral¹,

Carvalho²,

Figueiredo³

et al. 2015

APMIS

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The aim of this article were to determinate the mechanism of linezolid resistance in coagulase-negative methicillin-resistant staphylococci from hospitals in the northeast of Brazil. We identified the isolates using VITEK(®) 2 and MALDI-TOF. Susceptibility to antibiotics was measured by the disk-diffusion method and by Etest(®) . Extraction of the whole genome DNA was performed, followed by screening of all the strains for the presence of mecA and cfr genes. The domain V region of 23S rRNA gene was sequenced and then aligned with a linezolid-susceptible reference strain. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) macro-restriction analysis was performed. Three linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus hominis and two linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis strains were analyzed. The isolates showed two point mutations in the V region of the 23S rRNA gene (C2190T and G2603T). We did not detect the cfr gene in any isolate by PCR. The S. hominis showed the same pulsotype, while the S. epidermidis did not present any genetic relation to each other. In conclusion, this study revealed three S. hominis and two S. epidermidis strains with resistance to linezolid due to a double mutation (C2190T and G2603T) in the domain V of the 23S rRNA gene. For the first time, the mutation of C2190T in S. epidermidis is described. This study also revealed the clonal spread of a S. hominis pulsotype between three public hospitals in the city of Natal, Brazil. These findings highlight the importance of continued vigilance of linezolid resistance in staphylococci.

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“…These mutations were associated with resistance to linezolid in an outbreak of S. hominis subsp. hominis circulating in ICUs in Spain and recently in southwestern Brazil (9,26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although, recently a study described resistance to linezolid in a clone of S. haemolyticus with G2603T mutation in 23S rRNA gene, and three S. hominis strains with C2190T and G2603T mutations (9).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of methicillin‐resistant coagulase‐negative staphylococci resistant to linezolid with rRNA gene C2190T and G2603T mutations

Cidral¹,

Carvalho²,

Figueiredo³

et al. 2015

APMIS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Most of the linezolid-resistant isolates displayed the unusual pattern of erythromycin sensitivity and clindamycin resistance. Chamon et al 28 from Brazil characterized 10 linezolidresistant CoNS isolates from blood or catheter tips and these isolates were negative for cfr gene, whereas mutation in 23S rRNA was the predominant resistance mechanism. These mutations were also common among linezolid-resistant enterococci.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Molecular Determinants of Antimicrobial Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus haemolyticus from India

Manoharan

Sistla

Ray

2021

Microbial Drug Resistance

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Aims: Although Staphylococcus haemolyticus is considered as a part of normal skin flora, infections associated with them are increasing. Irrespective of the low virulence profile it poses a severe threat to patients with indwelling devices due to its multidrug-resistant nature. The aim of this study was to determine antibiotic resistance patterns and to detect the genes responsible in clinical isolates of S. haemolyticus. Results: All the 356 S. haemolyticus isolates were susceptible to glycopeptides. 91.3% were resistant to cefoxitin, 85.4% to erythromycin, 57.3% to co-trimoxazole, 52.8% to clindamycin, whereas only 3.7% of isolates were resistant to linezolid. Tetracycline resistance was found in 16.6% of isolates with tetK as the major genetic determinant. Most of the cefoxitin-resistant isolates carried mecA gene (99.4%), whereas dfrG gene was found only in 57.3% of co-trimoxazole-resistant isolates. Macrolides resistance was seen in 85.4% of isolates with cMLS B (constitutive macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B) (42.5%) as the major phenotype with ermC and msrAB genes as the predominant genetic determinants. Among linezolid-resistant isolates all except one showed higher minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (>256 mg/mL) with chloramphenicol-florfenicol resistance (cfr) gene as the genetic determinant, whereas one isolate had a lower MIC (16 mg/mL) and was negative for cfr gene. Conclusion: Emerging resistance to linezolid is a cause for concern. Strategies to prevent the spread of antibiotic resistance require continuous surveillance of these multidrug-resistant strains.

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“…hominis infections are often highly resistant to antibiotics and thus, are difficult to treat. Resistance to linezolid and vancomycin has been reported in several isolates [ 8 – 10 ]. Furthermore, methicillin resistance, which is associated with the mecA gene, has been found in up to 80% S .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Susceptibility of Biofilm Cells and Molecular Characterisation of Staphylococcus hominis Isolates from Blood

et al. 2015

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ObjectivesWe aimed to characterise the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type, genetic relatedness, biofilm formation and composition, icaADBC genes detection, icaD expression, and antibiotic susceptibility of planktonic and biofilm cells of Staphylococcus hominis isolates from blood.MethodsThe study included 67 S. hominis blood isolates. Methicillin resistance was evaluated with the cefoxitin disk test. mecA gene and SCCmec were detected by multiplex PCR. Genetic relatedness was determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Biofilm formation and composition were evaluated by staining with crystal violet and by detachment assay, respectively; and the biofilm index (BI) was determined. Detection and expression of icaADBC genes were performed by multiplex PCR and real-time PCR, respectively. Antibiotic susceptibilities of planktonic cells (minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC) and biofilm cells (minimum biofilm eradication concentration, MBEC) were determined by the broth dilution method.ResultsEighty-five percent (57/67) of isolates were methicillin resistant and mecA positive. Of the mecA-positive isolates, 66.7% (38/57) carried a new putative SCCmec type. Four clones were detected, with two to five isolates each. Among all isolates, 91% (61/67) were categorised as strong biofilm producers. Biofilm biomass composition was heterogeneous (polysaccharides, proteins and DNA). All isolates presented the icaD gene, and 6.66% (1/15) isolates expressed icaD. This isolate presented the five genes of ica operon. Higher BI and MBEC values than the MIC values were observed for amikacin, vancomycin, linezolid, oxacillin, ciprofloxacin, and chloramphenicol.Conclusions S. hominis isolates were highly resistant to methicillin and other antimicrobials. Most of the detected SCCmec types were different than those described for S. aureus. Isolates indicated low clonality. The results indicate that S. hominis is a strong biofilm producer with an extracellular matrix with similar composition of proteins, DNA and N-acetylglucosamine; and presents high frequency and low expression of icaD gene. Biofilm production is associated with increased antibiotic resistance.

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Linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Staphylococcus hominis: single and double mutations at the domain V of 23S rRNA among isolates from a Rio de Janeiro hospital

Cited by 14 publications

References 29 publications

Emergence of methicillin‐resistant coagulase‐negative staphylococci resistant to linezolid with rRNA gene C2190T and G2603T mutations

Emergence of methicillin‐resistant coagulase‐negative staphylococci resistant to linezolid with rRNA gene C2190T and G2603T mutations

Prevalence and Molecular Determinants of Antimicrobial Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus haemolyticus from India

Antibiotic Susceptibility of Biofilm Cells and Molecular Characterisation of Staphylococcus hominis Isolates from Blood

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