Linearization of the relationship between serum sodium, potassium concentration, their ratio and time since death in Chandigarh zone of north-west India

Sorption of amitriptyline and amphetamine to mixed-mode solid-phase microextraction in different test conditions

“…A 10 mM phosphate buffer (as in PBS) at pH 5.5 with 120 mM Na + and 25 mM K + represented the altered conditions. The pH was chosen as it is the common pH of blood within 24 h after death [26,30], the changes in ionic concentrations represent the average ionic concentrations after death, as reported by Singh et al [31]. Sorption of both amphetamine and amitriptyline was tested in both conditions at equilibrium.…”

Postmortem Changes in Electrolytes and Adrenal Gland at Different Intervals in Adult Male Rats

“…In the present study, the levels of Na and Cl showed non-significant (P=0.4) difference at 0, 6 and 12 h postmortem, in spite of the slight decrease in the Na and Cl values by the time interval from 0 to 12 h. Concentrations of sodium and chloride decreased by 1 mmol/L per hour for the first 3-52 hours postmortem in serum [4,[10][11][12][13]. These two markers are not reliable enough to be used as a PMI indicator; they are now measured only from the vitreous humor, rather than serum [4,10].…”

Medicolegal study of determination of time since death from potassium level in vitreous humour

“…Garg V et al (2004) 4 observed that potassium values in burn cases were higher than non-burn cases. Mean sodium/potassium electrolyte ratio was more in winter than in summer in as noted by Singh D et al 9 As per Madea B and Henssge C 19 ,the presence of underlying metabolic disorder would result in increase in potassium levels in vitreous level before death, making post-mortem time estimation falsely high.…”

“…But there was no significant difference in the estimated PMI between present study formula and Madea formula (PMI= 5.26xK + mEq/L-30.9) as the present study formula and Madea formula are similar. 9 noted that potassium level in females was more than males with same PMI. Garg V et al (2004) 4 observed that potassium values in burn cases were higher than non-burn cases.…”