Purpose
The arterial input function (AIF) is a major source of uncertainty in tracer kinetic (TK) analysis of dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE)‐MRI data. The aim of this study was to investigate the repeatability of AIFs extracted from the complex signal and of the resulting TK parameters in prostate cancer patients.
Methods
Twenty‐two patients with biopsy‐proven prostate cancer underwent a 3T MRI exam twice. DCE‐MRI data were acquired with a 3D spoiled gradient echo sequence. AIFs were extracted from the magnitude of the signal (AIF
MAGN
), phase (AIF
PHASE
), and complex signal (AIF
COMPLEX
). The Tofts model was applied to extract K
trans
, k
ep
and v
e
. Repeatability of AIF curve characteristics and TK parameters was assessed with the within‐subject coefficient of variation (wCV).
Results
The wCV for peak height and full width at half maximum for AIF
COMPLEX
(7% and 8%) indicated an improved repeatability compared to AIF
MAGN
(12% and 12%) and AIF
PHASE
(12% and 7%). This translated in lower wCV values for K
trans
(11%) with AIF
COMPLEX
in comparison to AIF
MAGN
(24%) and AIF
PHASE
(15%). For k
ep
, the wCV was 16% with AIF
MAGN
, 13% with AIF
PHASE
, and 13% with AIF
COMPLEX
.
Conclusion
Repeatability of AIF
PHASE
and AIF
COMPLEX
is higher than for AIF
MAGN
, resulting in a better repeatability of TK parameters. Thus, use of either AIF
PHASE
or AIF
COMPLEX
improves the robustness of quantitative analysis of DCE‐MRI in prostate cancer.