In traditional oligodeoxynucleotide
(ODN) synthesis, phosphate
groups are protected with the 2-cyanoethyl group, and amino groups
are protected with acyl groups. At the end of ODN synthesis, deprotection
is achieved with strong bases and nucleophiles. Therefore, traditional
technologies are not suitable for the synthesis of ODNs containing
sensitive functionalities. To address the problem, we report the use
of Dim and Dmoc groups, which are based on the 1,3-dithian-2-yl-methyl
function, for phosphate and amine protection for the solid phase ODN
synthesis. Using the new Dim–Dmoc protection, deprotection
was achieved under mild oxidative conditions without using any strong
bases and nucleophiles. As a result, the new technology is suitable
for the synthesis of ODNs containing sensitive functions. To demonstrate
feasibility, seven 20-mer ODNs including four that contain sensitive
ester and alkyl chloride groups were synthesized, purified with RP
HPLC, and characterized with MALDI-TOF MS and enzyme digestion essays.
High purity ODNs were obtained.