Linear friction welding of Ti–6Al–4V: Modelling and validation

Turner, Richard; Gebelin, Jean‐Christophe; Ward, Robin; Reed, Roger C.

doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2011.02.028

Cited by 142 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Future work may do well to consider how the process inputs influence the removal of these impurities as they can affect the properties [4] and possibly the life of a weld. [1] B. Force Histories A plot of the force history for a typical weld is shown in Figure 6(a).…”

Section: A Weld Appearance and Microstructurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…To understand how the process works, researchers have studied the evolution of the process forces with time, [5,6] used computational models to predict the temperature and deformation, [1,[7][8][9][10] and have examined the weld microstructures. [4,8,11,12] Computational models are particularly useful as they provide a means of predicting what happens at the weld interface in the rapidly evolving process.…”

Section: Linear Friction Welding (Lfw) Is a Solid-statementioning

confidence: 99%

“…As shown in Figure 4, the tooling extended to within 5 mm of the interface as occurred in the experiments. Temperature-dependent thermal conductivity, specific heat, and emissivity data from the DEFORM software's library were used; the convective heat transfer coefficient was assumed [1] to be 10 W/(m 2 K); and the conductive heat transfer coefficient with the tooling was assumed [1] to be of 10,000 W/(m 2 K). The temperature of the environment was assumed to be 293 K (20°C).…”

Section: Thermal Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…welding process that is used to manufacture highperformance aerospace components, [1,2] with the titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V being commonly used. [2][3][4] The process has many advantages over traditional fusion welding methods, including excellent mechanical properties, avoidance of melting, and very low defect rates.…”

Section: Linear Friction Welding (Lfw) Is a Solid-statementioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy and Force Analysis of Ti-6Al-4V Linear Friction Welds for Computational Modeling Input and Validation Data

McAndrew

Colegrove

Addison

et al. 2014

Metall Mater Trans A

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The linear friction welding (LFW) process is finding increasing use as a manufacturing technology for the production of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V aerospace components. Computational models give an insight into the process, however, there is limited experimental data that can be used for either modeling inputs or validation. To address this problem, a design of experiments approach was used to investigate the influence of the LFW process inputs on various outputs for experimental Ti-6Al-4V welds. The finite element analysis software DEFORM was also used in conjunction with the experimental findings to investigate the heating of the workpieces. Key findings showed that the average interface force and coefficient of friction during each phase of the process were insensitive to the rubbing velocity; the coefficient of friction was not coulombic and varied between 0.3 and 1.3 depending on the process conditions; and the interface of the workpieces reached a temperature of approximately approximately 1273 K (1000°C) at the end of phase 1. This work has enabled a greater insight into the underlying process physics and will aid future modeling investigations.

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Section: A Weld Appearance and Microstructurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Linear Friction Welding (Lfw) Is a Solid-statementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermal Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Linear Friction Welding (Lfw) Is a Solid-statementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Energy and Force Analysis of Ti-6Al-4V Linear Friction Welds for Computational Modeling Input and Validation Data

McAndrew

Colegrove

Addison

et al. 2014

Metall Mater Trans A

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“…The most popular application of linear friction welding is the manufacture of "blisks" (bladed disks) for aero-engines. Blisks have the advantage over traditionally designed disk assemblies that the fir tree joint is no longer needed, which leads to up to 30% weight reduction and improvements in aerodynamic efficiency [1]. The work presented in this paper focusses on the monitoring of the workholding stability during the burn-off phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linear friction weld process monitoring of fixture cassette deformations using empirical mode decomposition

Bakker

Gibson

Wilson

et al. 2015

Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing

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Due to its inherent advantages, linear friction welding is a solid-state joining process of increasing importance to the aerospace, automotive, medical and power generation equipment industries. Tangential oscillations and forge stroke during the burn-off phase of the joining process introduce essential dynamic forces, which can also be detrimental to the welding process. Since burn-off is a critical phase in the manufacturing stage, process monitoring is fundamental for quality and stability control purposes. This study aims to improve workholding stability through the analysis of fixture cassette deformations. Methods and procedures for process monitoring are developed and implemented in a fail-or-pass assessment system for fixture cassette deformations during the burn-off phase. Additionally, the denoised signals are compared to results from previous production runs. The observed deformations as a consequence of the forces acting on the fixture cassette are measured directly during the welding process. Data on the linear friction-welding machine are acquired and de-noised using empirical mode decomposition, before the burn-off phase is extracted. This approach enables a direct, objective comparison of the signal features with trends from previous successful welds. The capacity of the whole process monitoring system is validated and demonstrated through the analysis of a large number of signals obtained from welding experiments.

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Linear Friction Welding for Near Net Shape Manufacturing of Titanium Parts

Acb¹,

Romilly²

2016

Proceedings of the 13th World Conference on Titanium

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Linear friction welding of Ti–6Al–4V: Modelling and validation

Cited by 142 publications

References 19 publications

Energy and Force Analysis of Ti-6Al-4V Linear Friction Welds for Computational Modeling Input and Validation Data

Energy and Force Analysis of Ti-6Al-4V Linear Friction Welds for Computational Modeling Input and Validation Data

Linear friction weld process monitoring of fixture cassette deformations using empirical mode decomposition

Linear Friction Welding for Near Net Shape Manufacturing of Titanium Parts

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