Linear Focus Solar Simulator Test Bench for Non-destructive Optical Efficiency Testing of Parabolic Trough Receivers

Pernpeintner, Johannes; Happich, Christoph; Lüpfert, Eckhard; Schiricke, Björn; Lichtenthäler, Niels; Weinhausen, Jan

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2015.03.060

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Therefore, many researchers selected them for their simulators [31,[118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126]. Other types of metal halide lamps have also been tested [7,39,72,[127][128][129][130][131][132][133][134][135][136][137].…”

Section: Fig 4 Metal Halide Lamp Structure (Adapted Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

Light source selection for a solar simulator for thermal applications: A review

Tawfik

Tonnellier

Sansom

2018

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

119

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Solar simulators are used to test components and systems under controlled and repeatable conditions, often in locations with unsuitable insolation for outdoor testing. The growth in renewable energy generation has led to an increased need to develop, manufacture and test components and subsystems for solar thermal, photovoltaic (PV), and concentrating optics for both thermal and electrical solar applications. At the heart of any solar simulator is the light source itself. This paper reviews the light sources available for both low and high-flux solar simulators used for thermal applications. Criteria considered include a comparison of the lamp wavelength spectrum with the solar spectrum, lamp intensity, cost, stability, durability, and any hazards associated with use. Four main lamp types are discussed in detail, namely argon arc, the metal halide, tungsten halogen lamp, and xenon arc lamps.In addition to describing the characteristics of each lamp type, the popularity of usage of each type over time is also indicated. This is followed by guidelines for selecting a suitable lamp, depending on the requirements of the user and the criteria applied for selection. The appropriate international standards are also addressed and discussed. The review shows that metal halide and xenon arc lamps predominate, since both provide a good spectral match to the solar output. The xenon lamp provides a more intense and stable output, but has the disadvantages of being a high-pressure component, requiring infrared filtering, and the need of a more complex and expensive power supply. As a result, many new solar simulators prefer metal halide lamps. KeywordsSolar simulator, sunlight, solar spectrum, CSP, metal halide, tungsten lamp 1 Introduction The growing demand for energy, combined with issues of environmental pollution, climate change, and the rapid depletion of fossil fuels, have encouraged the research and development of cost effective renewable alternatives [1-3]. Solar electrical and thermal energy research groups have focused on developing novel technologies and on improving existing renewable solutions. In 2014, the global combined installed capacity of solar hot water and concentrating solar power (CSP) was 410.4 GW, representing 8% of the world's renewable energy sources [4].The transient nature of solar energy represents a critical challenge for technologies testing. Outdoor experiments are carried out in real but uncontrollable environments. For example, incident solar energy levels are highly dependent on atmospheric conditions and sky clarity over time [5]. Therefore, achieving

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Section: Fig 4 Metal Halide Lamp Structure (Adapted Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

Light source selection for a solar simulator for thermal applications: A review

Tawfik

Tonnellier

Sansom

2018

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

119

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“…A summary of the standard draft submitted to the IEC committee is given in Sallaberry et al (2015a) (Pernpeintner et al 2015a;Pernpeintner et al 2011 (Pernpeintner et al 2009; …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IEA SHC Task 49/IV - Deliverable A3.1 - Guideline on testing procedures for collectors used in solar process heat

Fahr¹,

Krämer²

2015

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IEA Solar Heating and Cooling ProgrammeThe Solar Heating and Cooling Technology Collaboration Programme was founded in 1977 as one of the first multilateral technology initiatives ("Implementing Agreements") of the International Energy Agency. Its mission is "to enhance collective knowledge and application of solar heating and cooling through international collaboration to reach the goal set in the vision of solar thermal energy meeting 50% of low temperature heating and cooling demand by 2050.The members of the IEA SHC collaborate on projects (referred to as "Tasks") in the field of research, development, demonstration (RD&D), and test methods for solar thermal energy and solar buildings.A total of 57 such projects have been initiated, 47 of which have been completed. Research topics include:

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“…In the case of the test stand, 20 optical systems using reflectors with 5 kW xenon lamps, a spherical lens, and a Fresnel lens, allowing a linear concentration of radiation, were used. Another narrow focus of the solar simulator is analyzed by Pernpeinter et al 26 In this case, the radiation sources are six metal‐halide lamps, which are symmetrically arranged in a linear oval reflector, where the tested absorber is also located. Linear simulators analyzed by Onkuhar et al 25 and Pernpeinter et al 26 can be efficient solutions for absorber testing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another narrow focus of the solar simulator is analyzed by Pernpeinter et al 26 In this case, the radiation sources are six metal‐halide lamps, which are symmetrically arranged in a linear oval reflector, where the tested absorber is also located. Linear simulators analyzed by Onkuhar et al 25 and Pernpeinter et al 26 can be efficient solutions for absorber testing. Undoubtedly, however, they are not universal simulators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A solar simulator numerical modeling for heat absorption phenomenon research in a parabolic trough collector

Bartela

Stanek

Węcel

et al. 2021

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary The development of renewable solar technologies determines the constant need to improve and increase their energy efficiency. Determination of solar systems performance characteristics must take place under given conditions set by proper standards. Due to unstable weather conditions, including temperature and solar radiation, it is necessary to simulate the laboratory conditions' radiation. For these purposes, so‐called solar radiation simulators are being constructed. This article presents the results of solar simulator modeling for parabolic trough collectors testing. A new approach presented here proposes to use reflectors placed parallel on one plane to simulate both, total radiation and direct radiation used in parabolic concentrator tests. The methodology adopted from the normative approach for evaluating the quality of the simulator is presented. The methodology used for solar radiation simulators was modified to test concentrators in constant, repeatable conditions. The analysis was carried out not only to assess the energy distribution on the plane area but also to assess the energy reaching the tubular absorber external surface. The optical engineering ray tracing software, based on Monte Carlo Method, was used for the analysis. A selection of appropriate light sources, quantity, type, and arrangement of reflectors and their coatings was carried out. Metal‐halides and xenon arc lamps were considered as sources. The distribution of radiation intensity on the analyzed surface was determined for two cases, 22 reflectors and 4 reflectors. The analyzed area was 1 square meter. The evaluation index has been defined to determine the quality of the energy distribution. The influence of the simulator distance on the amount of energy reaching the absorber surface was also analyzed. An estimation of the required financial outlays for analyzed constructions of the simulator was performed. Research has shown that in terms of maintaining the energy field's homogeneity and the price for the entire radiation simulator, it is more reasonable to construct a simulator consisting of 22 reflectors. The construction of such a simulator seems to meet the assumptions required for the correct operation of the radiation simulator. Novelty statement Paper's novelty is the methodology to identify and evaluate solar radiation simulators to simulate heat radiation for parabolic trough collectors. The paper specifies the evaluation index and the way of its interpretation, which determines the radiation distribution on the simulated surface, which is crucial in this issue. In a better and more accurate way, this factor assesses the energy field in terms of quality. Modifying the normative measurement approach of solar radiation on a flat surface, we propose the analysis of concentrated radiation by performing optical analyses using software which are based on the Monte‐Carlo method. The location of light sources on the plane surface is a new approach for PTC testing.

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Linear Focus Solar Simulator Test Bench for Non-destructive Optical Efficiency Testing of Parabolic Trough Receivers

Cited by 19 publications

References 2 publications

Light source selection for a solar simulator for thermal applications: A review

Light source selection for a solar simulator for thermal applications: A review

IEA SHC Task 49/IV - Deliverable A3.1 - Guideline on testing procedures for collectors used in solar process heat

A solar simulator numerical modeling for heat absorption phenomenon research in a parabolic trough collector

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