Linear and Nonlinear Light Scattering from the Surfaces of Liquids

Buckingham, A. D.

doi:10.1071/ph900617

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…These theories also satisfy the spatial and temporal constraints described in the previous paragraph and, in addition, agree well with experiment (Krichevtsov et al 1993) where data are available. There are, however, many e¬ects that have been predicted in re®ection from di¬erent media, namely non-centrosymmetric uniaxial crystals (Graham & Raab 1996a), a ®uid in a uniform electric eld (Buckingham 1982(Buckingham , 1990Graham & Raab 1996b) and uniaxial and cubic antiferromagnets (Graham & Raab 1999), which have not yet been experimentally veri ed. As these e¬ects are described by induced electric quadrupoles and magnetic dipoles, their anticipated magnitudes should be similar to those of other properties of this multipole order which have been measured Krichevtsov et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Macroscopic theories of optical phenomena that occur when electromagnetic radiation interacts with matter have as their foundation Maxwell's equations and appropriate constitutive relations for the D and H elds that describe the response of matter. In the long-wavelength limit a multipole description has been used in the past to explain a range of optical e¬ects in transmission (Nakano & Kimura 1969;Buckingham & Dunn 1971;Barron & Vrbancich 1984;Graham & Raab 1983, scattering (Buckingham & Longuet-Higgins 1968;Barron & Buckingham 1971, 1972Buckingham & Raab 1975;de Figueiredo & Raab 1981) and re®ection (Buckingham 1982(Buckingham , 1990Graham & Raab 1996a;, 1999). An advantage of using multipole expansions for the D and H elds is that the response of matter to the light-wave elds may be expressed in terms of physical property tensors of the medium (Buckingham 1967;de Figueiredo & Raab 1981;Barron 1982), to which symmetry may be properly applied (Birss 1966).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multipole solution for the macroscopic electromagnetic boundary conditions at a vacuum—dielectric interface

Graham

Raab

2000

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A

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Multipole solutions are obtained for the boundary conditions on the macroscopic electromagnetic elds at the surface of a semi-in nite homogeneous medium in a vacuum, which may be anisotropic, magnetic and chiral. The theory is based on the di¬erential forms of Maxwell's equations and is developed within the electric octopole-magnetic quadrupole approximation, since optical e¬ects are known which require this multipole order for their description. To ensure that both spatial invariance and reciprocity (time-reversal symmetry) are satis ed, it is necessary to take the constitutive relations for the D and H elds in relativistically covariant form. These forms are derived to the order of electric octopole and magnetic quadrupole. The boundary conditions are shown to reduce to the standard Maxwell forms when the properties of the medium are described within the electric dipole approximation D =°0E + P and H = • ¡1 0 B. However, when higher multipole contributions are included in the constitutive relations, various components of the electromagnetic elds may be macroscopically discontinuous at the interface due to surface densities of bound current, charge, electric dipole moment, etc. The multipole forms for these discontinuities, which are consistent with the use of relativistically covariant D and H elds, are identi ed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multipole solution for the macroscopic electromagnetic boundary conditions at a vacuum—dielectric interface

Graham

Raab

2000

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A

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“…The experimental confirmation of this prediction was achieved five years later by Robert Shatwell (52); its manifestation in coherent light scattering was predicted in 1990 (53).…”

Section: Differential Light Scatteringmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…It led to the development of a semiclassical formalism for describing electromagnetic scattering beyond the electric dipole approximation (the tensors G αβ and A αβγ in particular). It provided a framework for describing phenomena such as Raman optical activity (49), the circular dichroism of oriented molecules (50), and the linear effect of an electrostatic field on the intensity of scattering of light by all gases (51)(52)(53). It was also the foundation for the solution of the quadrupole moment paradox (31) and a general theory of long-range intermolecular forces (30).…”

Section: Molecular Quadrupole Momentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MOLECULES IN OPTICAL, ELECTRIC, AND MAGNETIC FIELDS: A Personal Perspective

Buckingham

1998

Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.

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Physical chemistry and theoretical chemistry have advanced over the past 50 years from being largely qualitative to having a mature status based firmly on the principles of quantum and statistical mechanics. My interest in the chemical elements and their compounds has prompted me to learn more about the nature of matter through the measurement and interpretation of optical, electric, and magnetic properties of molecules. In addition to holding intrinsic interest, such properties tell us about charge and current distributions and form the basis of electro-optics, magneto-optics, and nonlinear optics. They also help us understand the nature and strength of long-range intermolecular forces, the hydrogen bond, and molecular biology-topics that are apparently forever young. STUDENT DAYSWhen I was an undergraduate in the Faculty of Science at the University of Sydney in Australia, in 1948, there was an emphasis on bulk properties, thermodynamics, aqueous solutions, electrochemistry, and chemical kinetics. Quantum theory was for physicists rather than chemists, who were expected to have only sufficient acquaintance with quantum mechanics to enable them to read books such as Pauling's The Nature of the Chemical Bond (1). Yet chemistry is essentially a quantum phenomenon, and quantum mechanics had reached maturity 20 years earlier. , and me). I had a love from boyhood for the elements and their physical and chemical properties, so I decided to concentrate on chemistry. My older brother, Michael, favored physics, and I learned through him the importance of mathematics and fundamentals. MJ Buckingham made significant contributions to low-tempterature physics and to the theory of critical phenomena (6, 7). He was Professor of Theoretical Physics at the University of Western Australia from 1965 to 1992. An honours degree in science at Sydney takes four years and permits the study of several subjects. I took mathematics, physics, and chemistry for two years, and in my third year I took mathematics and chemistry while the organic chemists took chemistry and organic chemistry.In my fourth undergraduate year I joined the research group of RJW Le Fèvre, who was Professor of Chemistry at the University of Sydney from 1946 to 1970. He had an international reputation for his studies of physical properties of organic molecules (8-11). His most significant contribution to research was the experimental exploration and utilization, in cooperation with his wife, of a simple tensor-additivity model of anisotropic bond polarizabilities (Figure 1) (10). Atomic, bond, or group isotropic polarizabilities had previously been shown to be approximately additive, thereby providing a method for estimating the mean polarizability of a molecule (12). But the tensor addition of anisotropic bond polarizabilities provided a more demanding test of the assumption of additivity. Silberstein (13) had shown as early as 1917 that for two interacting spheres, classical dipolar interaction leads to an induced anisotropy in the polarizability, which var...

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Linear electro-optic effect in optically active liquids

Buckingham

Fischer

1998

Chemical Physics Letters

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Linear and Nonlinear Light Scattering from the Surfaces of Liquids

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Multipole solution for the macroscopic electromagnetic boundary conditions at a vacuum—dielectric interface

Multipole solution for the macroscopic electromagnetic boundary conditions at a vacuum—dielectric interface

MOLECULES IN OPTICAL, ELECTRIC, AND MAGNETIC FIELDS: A Personal Perspective

Linear electro-optic effect in optically active liquids

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