Linear and Non-Linear Regression Analysis for the Adsorption Kinetics of SO2 in a Fixed Carbon Bed Reactor—A Case Study

Abstract

Here, we determined the kinetic parameters of SO2 adsorption on unburned carbons from lignite fly ash and activated carbons based on hard coal dust. The model studies were performed using the linear and non-linear regression method for the following models: pseudo first and second order, intraparticle diffusion, and chemisorption on a heterogeneous surface. The quality of the fitting of a given model to empirical data was assessed based on: R2, R, Δq, SSE, ARE, χ2, HYBRID, MPSD, EABS, and SNE. It was clearly shown that the linear regression more accurately reflects the behaviour of the adsorption system, which is consistent with the first-order kinetic reaction—for activated carbons (SO2 + Ar) or chemisorption on a heterogeneous surface—for unburned carbons (SO2 + Ar and SO2 + Ar + H2O(g) + O2) and activated carbons (SO2 + Ar + H2O(g) + O2). Importantly, usually, each of the approaches (linear/non-linear) indicated a different mechanism of the studied phenomenon. A certain universality of the χ2 and HYBRID functions has been proved, the minimization of which repeatedly led to the lowest SNE values for the indicated models. Fitting data by any of the non-linear equations based on the R or R2 functions only cannot be treated as evidence/prerequisite of the existence of a given adsorption mechanism.

Modelling and Calculation of Raw Material Industry

“…The analysis of the test results was confirmed using already-known theoretical equations [1,3,4], experimentally identified dependencies (linear and non-linear regression) [1,3], advanced methods of picture analysis [2] and spectral analyses [6,8]. The comparison of developed models of investigated processes was supported with statistical analyses [3,7]. The spatial distribution of measured parameters in situ was modeled with the use of the Arc-GIS Pro tools [5,6].…”

“…The number of proposed types of flue gas desulfurization installations is constantly increasing, and one of the techniques of particular interest is the adsorption of SO 2 on carbonaceous materials. In their work, Kisiela-Czajka and Dziejarski [3] analyzed the SO 2 removal process by adsorbing it on unburned carbon obtained from fly ash and commercial activated carbons. The authors paid particular attention to the methods of determining the kinetic parameters of the processes using linear and non-linear regression analysis.…”

“…In the papers that deal with fuels or wastes, laboratory tests were most commonly used-either with the use of standard procedures [4], with the application of typical equipment innovatively used for specific tests [1,2,7] or with the use of dedicated testing facilities, developed or tuned for the investigations that were performed [3,5,6,8]. The analysis of the test results was confirmed using already-known theoretical equations [1,3,4], experimentally identified dependencies (linear and non-linear regression) [1,3], advanced methods of picture analysis [2] and spectral analyses [6,8]. The comparison of developed models of investigated processes was supported with statistical analyses [3,7].…”

Optimization Conditions of Malachite Green Adsorption onto Almond Shell Carbon Waste Using Process Design

“…It is also widely used in aquaculture and animal husbandry as a fungicide and disinfectant. Despite the diverse applications of MG, it has been found to have mutagenic and carcinogenic properties and also leads to several types of diseases [ 29 ]. Numerous studies have been carried out to investigate the removal of MG using an adsorption process [ 30 ].…”