Linear and non-linear flow mode in Pb–Pb collisions at <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" altimg="si1.gif" overflow="scroll"><mml:msqrt><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>s</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">NN</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:msqrt><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>2.76</mml:mn><mml:mtext> TeV</mml:mtext></mml:math>

Acharya, S.; Adamová, D.; Adolfsson, J.; Aggarwal, M. M.; Rinella, G. Aglieri; Agnello, M.; Agrawal, Neelima; Ahammed, Z.; Ahmad, N.; Ahn, Sang Un; Aiola, S.; Akindinov, A.; Alam, Sk Noor; Alba, J. L. Bazo; Albuquerque, D. S. D.; Aleksandrov, Dmitry; Alessandro, B.; Molina, R. Alfaro; Alici, A.; Alkin, A.; Alme, J.; Alt, T.; Altenkamper, L.; Altsybeev, I.; Prado, C. Alves Garcia; An, M. R.; Andrei, C.; Andreou, D.; Andrews, H. A.; Andronic, A.; Anguelov, V.; Anson, C.; Antičić, T.; Antinori, F.; Antonioli, P.; Anwar, R.; Aphecetche, L.; Appelshäuser, H.; Arcelli, S.; Arnaldi, R.; Arnold, O.; Arsene, Ionut Cristian; Arslandok, M.; Audurier, B.; Augustinus, A.; Averbeck, R.; Azmi, M. D.; Badalà, A.; Baek, Yongwook; Bagnasco, S.; Bailhache, R.; Bala, R.; Baldisseri, A.; Ball, M.; Baral, R. C.; Barbano, Anastasia Maria; Barbera, R.; Barile, F.; Barioglio, L.; Barnaföldi, G. G.; Barnby, L. S.; Barret, V.; Bartalini, P.; Barth, K.; Bartsch, E.; Basile, M.; Bastid, N.; Basu, S.; Bathen, B.; Batigne, G.; Camejo, A. Batista; Batyunya, B.; Batzing, P. C.; Bearden, I. G.; Beck, H. P.; Bedda, C.; Behera, N. K.; Belikov, I.; Bellini, F.; Martínez, H. Bello; Bellwied, R.; Beltran, L. G. E.; Belyaev, V.; Bencédi, G.; Beolè, S.; Bercuci, A.; Berdnikov, Y.; Berényi, D.; Bertens, R. A.; Berzano, D.; Betev, L.; Bhasin, A.; Bhat, I. R.; Bhati, A. K.; Bhattacharjee, B.; Bhom, J.; Bianchi, L.; Bianchi, N.; Bianchin, C.; Bielčík, J.; Bielčíková, J.; Bilandzic, A.; Bíró, G.; Biswas, R.; Biswas, S.; Blair, Justin Thomas; Blau, D.; Blume, C.; Boca, G.; Bock, F.; Bogdanov, A.; Boldizsár, L.; Bombara, M.; Bonomi, G.; Bonora, M.; Book, J.; Borel, H.; Borissov, A.; Borri, M.; Botta, E.; Bourjau, C.; Braun‐Munzinger, P.; Bregant, M.; Broker, T. A.; Browning, T. A.; Broz, M.; Brücken, E.; Bruna, E.; Bruno, G.; Budnikov, D.; Buesching, H.; Bufalino, S.; Bühler, P.; Bunčić, P.; Busch, O.; Buthelezi, Z.; Butt, J.; Buxton, J. T.; Cabala, J.; Caffarri, D.; Caines, H.; Caliva, A.; Villar, E. Calvo; Camerini, P.; Capon, A. A.; Carena, F.; Carena, W.; Carnesecchi, F.; Castellanos, J. Castillo; Castro, A.; Casula, E. A. R.; Sànchez, C. Ceballos; Cerello, P.; Chandra, S.; Chang, B.; Chapeland, S.; Chartier, M.; Charvet, J. L.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Chauvin, A.; Cherney, M.; Cheshkov, C.; Cheynis, B.; Barroso, V. Chibante; Chinellato, D. D.; Cho, S.; Chochula, P.; Choi, K.; Chojnacki, M.; Choudhury, S.; Chowdhury, T.; Christakoglou, P.; Christensen, C. H.; Christiansen, P.; Chujo, T.; Chung, S. U.; Cicalò, C.; Cifarelli, L.; Cindolo, F.; Cleymans, J.; Colamaria, F.; Colella, D.; Collu, A.; Colocci, M.; Concas, M.; Balbastre, G. Conesa; Valle, Z. Conesa del; Connors, M.; Contreras, J. G.; Cormier, Thomas Michael; Morales, Y. Corrales; Maldonado, I. Cortés; Cortese, P.; Cosentino, M. R.; Costa, F.; Costanza, S.; Crkovská, J.; Crochet, P.; Cuautle, E.; Cunqueiro, L.; Dahms, T.; Dainese, A.; Danisch, Meike Charlotte; Danu, A.; Das, D.; Das, I.; Das, S.; Dash, A.; Dash, S.; De, S.; De, A.; Cataldo, G. de; Conti, C. de; Cuveland, J. de; Falco, A. De; Gruttola, D. De; Marco, N. De; Pasquale, S. De; Souza, R. Derradi de; Degenhardt, H. F.; Deisting, A.; Deloff, A.; Deplano, C.; Dhankher, P.; Bari, D. Di; Mauro, A. Di; Nezza, P. Di; Ruzza, B. Di; Corchero, M. A. Diaz; Dietel, T.; Dillenseger, P.; Divià, R.; Djuvsland, Ø.; Dobrin, A.; Gimenez, D. Domenicis; Dönigus, B.; Dordic, O.; Doremalen, Lennart Vincent Van; Drozhzhova, T.; Dubey, A. K.; Dubla, A.; Ducroux, L.; Duggal, A. K.; Dupieux, P.; Ehlers, R. 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Goméz; Ramírez, A. Gómez; González, A. S.; González, V.; González-Zamora, P.; Gorbunov, S.; Görlich, L.; Gotovac, S.; Grabski, V.; Graczykowski, L. K.; Graham, K. L.; Greiner, L.; Grelli, A.; Grigoras, C.; Grigoriev, V.; Grigoryan, A.; Grigoryan, S.; Grion, N.; Gronefeld, J. M.; Grosa, F.; Grosse-Oetringhaus, J. F.; Grosso, R.; Gruber, L.; Guber, F.; Guernane, R.; Guerzoni, B.; Gulbrandsen, K.; Gunji, T.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, R.; Guzman, I. B.; Haake, R.; Hadjidakis, C.; Hamagaki, H.; Hamar, G.; Hamon, J. C.; Harris, J. W.; Harton, A.; Hassan, H.; Hatzifotiadou, D.; Hayashi, S.; Heckel, S. T.; Hellbär, E.; Helstrup, H.; Herghelegiu, A.; Corral, G. Herrera; Herrmann, F.; Hess, B. A.; Hetland, K. F.; Hillemanns, H.; Hills, C.; Hippolyte, B.; Hladký, J.; Hohlweger, B.; Horak, D.; Hornung, S.; Hosokawa, R.; Hristov, P.; Hughes, C.; Humanic, T. J.; Hussain, N.; Hussain, T.; Hutter, D.; Hwang, D. S.; Buitron, S. A. Iga; Ilkaev, R.; Inaba, M.; Ippolitov, M.; Irfan, M.; Исаков, В. В.; Ivanov, M.; Ivanov, V.; Izucheev, V.; Jacak, B.; Jacazio, N.; Jacobs, P.; Jadhav, M. B.; Jadlovska, S.; Jadlovsky, J.; Jaelani, S.; Jahnke, C.; Jakubowska, Monika Joanna; Janik, M. A.; Jayarathna, P. H. S. Y.; Jena, C.; Jena, S.; Jercic, M.; Bustamante, R. T. Jimenez; Jones, P. G.; Jusko, A.; Kaliňák, P.; Kalweit, Alexander Philipp; Kang, Joon Ho; Kaplin, V.; Kar, S.; Uysal, A. Karasu; Karavichev, O.; Karavicheva, T.; Karayan, L.; Karpechev, E.; Kebschull, U.; Keidel, R.; Keijdener, D. L. D.; Keil, M.; Ketzer, B.; Khabanova, Z.; Khan, P.; Khan, S.; Khanzadeev, A.; Kharlov, Y.; Khatun, A.; Khuntia, A.; Kielbowicz, M. M.; Kileng, B.; Kim, D.; Kim, D.W.; Kim, D.J.; Kim, H.; Kim, J.S.; Kim, J.; Kim, M.; Kim, S.; Kim, T.; Kirsch, S.; Kisel, I.; Kiselev, S.; Kisiel, A.; Kiss, G.; Klay, J. L.; Klein, C.; Klein, J.; Klein-Bösing, C.; Klewin, S.; Kluge, Alexander; Knichel, M. L.; Knospe, A. 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A.; Litichevskyi, V.; Ljunggren, H. M.; Llope, W. J.; Lodato, D. F.; Loenne, P. I.; Loginov, V.; Loizides, C.; Lončar, P.; Lopez, X.; Torres, E. López; Lowe, A. J.; Luettig, P.; Lunardon, M.; Luparello, G.; Lupi, M.; Lutz, T. H.; Maevskaya, A.; Mager, M.; Mahajan, S.; Mahmood, S. M.; Maire, A.; Majka, R.; Malaev, M.; Malinina, L.; Mal’Kevich, D.; Malzacher, P.; Mamonov, A.; Manko, V.; Manso, F.; Manzari, V.; Mao, Y.; Marchisone, M.; Mareš, J.; Margagliotti, G. V.; Margotti, A.; Margutti, J.; Marı́n, A.; Markert, C.; Marquard, M.; Martin, N. A.; Martinengo, P.; Martinez, J. A. L.; Martı́nez, M.; Garcı́a, G.; Pedreira, M. Martinez; Mas, A.; Masciocchi, S.; Masera, M.; Masoni, A.; Masson, E.; Mastroserio, A.; Mathis, Andreas Michael; Matyja, A.; Mayer, Christoph; Mazer, J.; Mazzilli, M.; Mazzoni, M. A.; Meddi, F.; Melikyan, Y.; Menchaca‐Rocha, A.; Meninno, E.; Pérez, J. Mercado; Meres, M.; Mhlanga, S.; Miake, Y.; Mieskolainen, M. 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B.; Ohlson, A.; Okubo, T.; Oláh, L.; Oleniacz, J.; Silva, A.C. Oliveira Da; Oliver, M. H.; Onderwaater, J.; Oppedisano, C.; Orava, R.; Oravec, M.; Velasquez, A. Ortiz; Öskarsson, A.; Otwinowski, J.; Oyama, K.; Pachmayer, Y.; Pacik, V.; Pagano, D.; Pagano, P.; Paić, G.; Palni, P.; Pan, J.; Pandey, A. K.; Panebianco, S.; Papikyan, V.; Pappalardo, G. S.; Pareek, P.; Park, J.; Parmar, S.; Passfeld, A.; Pathak, S. P.; Paticchio, V.; Patra, R.N.; Paul, B.; Pei, H.; Peitzmann, T.; Peng, X.; Pereira, Luis Gustavo; Costa, H. Pereira Da; Peresunko, Dmitry Yurevich; Lezama, E. Perez; Peskov, V.; Pestov, Y.; Petráček, V.; Petrov, V.; Petrovici, M.; Petta, C.; Pezzi, Rafael Peretti; Piano, S.; Pikna, M.; Pillot, P.; Pimentel, L. O. D. L.; Pinazza, O.; Pinsky, L.; Piyarathna, D. B.; Płoskoń, M.; Planinić, M.; Pliquett, F.; Pluta, J.; Pochybová, S.; Podesta-Lerma, P. L.M.; Poghosyan, M. 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doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2017.07.060

Cited by 75 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 67 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For instance, v 4 can develop both as a linear response to ε 4 and/or as a nonlinear response to ε 2 2 [51]. Therefore, the higher harmonics (n > 3) can be understood as superpositions of linear and nonlinear responses, through which they are correlated with lower order harmonics [47,48,50,52,53]. When the order of the harmonic is large, the nonlinear response contribution in viscous hydrodynamics is dominant and increases in more peripheral collisions [50,52].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic studies of correlations between different order flow harmonics in Pb-Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV

Acharya¹,

Adam²,

Adamová³

et al. 2018

Phys. Rev. C

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The correlations between event-by-event fluctuations of anisotropic flow harmonic amplitudes have been measured in Pb-Pb collisions at √ s NN = 2.76 TeV with the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider.The results are reported in terms of multiparticle correlation observables dubbed symmetric cumulants. These observables are robust against biases originating from nonflow effects. The centrality dependence of correlations between the higher order harmonics (the quadrangular v 4 and pentagonal v 5 flow) and the lower order harmonics (the elliptic v 2 and triangular v 3 flow) is presented. The transverse momentum dependences of correlations between v 3 and v 2 and between v 4 and v 2 are also reported. The results are compared to calculations from viscous hydrodynamics and a multiphase transport (AMPT) model calculations. The comparisons to viscous hydrodynamic models demonstrate that the different order harmonic correlations respond differently to the initial conditions and the temperature dependence of the ratio of shear viscosity to entropy density (η/s). A small average value of η/s is favored independent of the specific choice of initial conditions in the models. The calculations with the AMPT initial conditions yield results closest to the measurements. Correlations among the magnitudes of v 2 , v 3 , and v 4 show moderate p T dependence in midcentral collisions. This might be an indication of possible viscous corrections to the equilibrium distribution at hadronic freeze-out, which might help to understand the possible contribution of bulk viscosity in the hadronic phase of the system. Together with existing measurements of individual flow harmonics, the presented results provide further constraints on the initial conditions and the transport properties of the system produced in heavy-ion collisions.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic studies of correlations between different order flow harmonics in Pb-Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV

Acharya¹,

Adam²,

Adamová³

et al. 2018

Phys. Rev. C

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show abstract

“…The value of χ 23,5 is measured to be χ 23,5 ≈ 2 − 3 in Pb+Pb collisions, and is nearly constant toward peripheral collisions [23]. The χ 23,5 is not yet measured in pp and p+Pb collisions, and we shall assume that it is the same as in Pb+Pb collisions. Based on the measured v n in pp and p+Pb collisions, i.e., v 2 ≈ 0.06 and v 3 ≈ 0.02 [13], we estimate the ac 2,3 5 {3} signal associated with the long-range collectivity is about 3 ∼ 5×10 −6 .…”

Section: Three-particle Asymmetric Cumulants and Model Setupmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Assuming that the V 5 is dominated by the non-linear mode coupling effects in peripheral A+A or small collision systems, V 5 ≈ χ 23,5 V 2 V 3 [20,21], one expects that ac 2,3 5 {3} ≈ χ 23,5 ⟨v 2 2 v 2 3 ⟩, where χ 23,5 is the non-linear response coefficients [22]. The value of χ 23,5 is measured to be χ 23,5 ≈ 2 − 3 in Pb+Pb collisions, and is nearly constant toward peripheral collisions [23]. The χ 23,5 is not yet measured in pp and p+Pb collisions, and we shall assume that it is the same as in Pb+Pb collisions.…”

Section: Three-particle Asymmetric Cumulants and Model Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-flow effects in three-particle mixed-harmonic azimuthal correlations in small collision systems

Zhang

Jia

2019

Physics Letters B

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The Multi-particle technique has been used to unravel the nature of the long-range collectivity in small collision systems. A large three-particle mixed-harmonic correlation (or event-plane correlation) signal was recently observed by the ATLAS Collaboration, but the role of non-flow correlations is not yet studied. We estimate the influence of non-flow correlations to the three-particle correlators in pp and p+Pb collisions using PYTHIA and HIJING models, and compare with the ATLAS results. The large non-flow effects from the jet and dijet production is found to be largely suppressed in p+Pb collisions using the subevent cumulant method by calculating the azimuthal correlation between two or more longitudinal pseudorapidity ranges. Depending on the experimental subevent method, however, the non-flow effects may still be significant in pp collisions. Future prospect to measure other multi-particle mixed-harmonic correlators in small systems are discussed.

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“…On the other hand, χ 5,32 and χ 6,33 are only weakly sensitive to the initial conditions but depend strongly on η/s at the freeze-out condition. The published ALICE data [44], are not able to further constrain the η/s during system evolution. However, they provide unique information on freeze-out condition which was poorly known with other anisotropic flow related observables.…”

Section: Flow Correlationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These efforts were followed by the ALICE Collaboration using a modern multi-particle correlation with Generic Framework method in Ref. [44]. It was found that higher order anisotropic flow can be isolated into two independent contributions: a component that arises from a non-linear response of the system to the lower order initial anisotropy coefficients ε 2 and/or ε 3 , and a linear mode which is driven by linear response of the system to the same order cumulant-defined anisotropy coefficient.…”

Section: Flow Correlationsmentioning

confidence: 99%