Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate: Biodegradation and Aquatic Interactions

Gledhill, William E.

doi:10.1016/s0065-2164(08)70561-6

Cited by 40 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…There are various types of surfactants used in detergents formulations; the linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS)-ionic surfactants is the most widely used (McAvoy et al, 1997). It was introduced as biodegradable alternatives to the non-biodegradable branched-chained alkylbenzene sulfonates (Gledhill, 1974). LAS have been reported by WHO, (1996) to have a high solid adsorption coefficient, which is attributed to the physicochemical properties of the surfactants (Painter and Zebel, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The LAS molecules adsorb to the suspended solid in water bodies and hence end up in sediments along the water course or sludge in treatment plants (Cavalli et al, 2000). The recommended LAS that was claimed by some researcher to biodegrade perfectly (Gledhill, 1974;WHO, 1996 andMcAvoy et al, 1997) have also been reported to poorly degrade in rivers, lakes, ponds and even in soils and this may be toxic to aquatic faunas and floras and can also induce severe damage to vital organs and even haematological, hormonal and enzyme disturbances (Lightowlers, 2004;Ogundiran et al, 2007 andOgundiran et al, 2009). It has also been discovered that detergent surfactant increases microbial populations especially those that are able to use the surfactant as their basic source of carbon or phosphate or both, some of these microorganisms stands as an ectoparasites or endoparasites that causes histological degradation in fish species (Eniola andOlayemi, 2002, andLateef, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toxicological impact of detergent effluent on juvenile of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) (Buchell 1822)

Ogundiran¹,

Fawole²,

Adewoye³

et al. 2010

ABJNA

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ABSRACTSThe toxicity of commercial detergent effluent (containing Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonates), a household cleaning agent was investigated with emphasis on histopathological effects using Juvenile African mud fish (Clarias gariepinus) with the mean weight 1.7 ± 0.2kg and standard length of 8.3 ± 0.3 cm. After series of range finding test, the fishes were exposed to lethal concentrations 0.00 mg/L, 0.01 mg/L, 0.02 mg/L, 0.03 mg/L, 0.04 mg/L and 0.05 mg/L and as well as sub-lethal concentrations 0.000 mg/L, 0.002 mg/L, 0.003 mg/L, 0.004 mg/L, 0.005 mg/L and 0.006 mg/L of detergent effluent for 56 days in a renewal bioassay procedure. The median lethal concentration (LC 50 ) values for lethal and sublethal tests were 0.0166 mg/L and 0.0038 mg/L respectively. Respiratory disturbance, erratic swimming, loss of equilibrium, lethargies and sudden fish death were observed in the exposed fish and these varied greatly with differences in concentration of the toxicant and this shows that mortality increases with an increase in concentration. The differences observed in the mortalities of C. gariepinus at varying concentrations were significant (p < 0.05), an indication that mortality could be a factor of concentration and time of exposure. The liver of the control fish showed normal parenchyma appearance of hepatocyte with normal staining patterns of the cell. In the treated fishes, there was congestion of central vein, vacoulation of hepatocyte, oedema, cellular infiltration and cellular necrosis. Detergent effluent is highly toxic to Clarias gariepinus juveniles, which are more susceptible to this household cleaning agent's effluent; therefore, an indiscriminate discharge of this effluent to the surrounding should be discouraged

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicological impact of detergent effluent on juvenile of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) (Buchell 1822)

Ogundiran¹,

Fawole²,

Adewoye³

et al. 2010

ABJNA

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“…Although LAS is relatively susceptible to degradation by microorganisms (SWISHER, 1963a, 1963b, GLEDHILL, 1974, the behaviour of LAS in the environment has still been a matter of considerable concern as an artificial pollutant. The determination of LAS in the aquatic environments has not been reported so far at the molecular level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Difference in the Composition of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate Homologues in River Sediment and River Water

Hon-nami

Hanya

1980

Jpn. J. Limnol.

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Linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS) in the surface sediment and the river water of the Tama River were determined by combined gas liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry.The composition of LAS homologues in the river sediment was remarkably different from that in the river water; the proportions of C12 and C13 LAS in the sediment were higher than those in the water, while those of C10 and C11 LAS were lower. The ratio of the concentration of the LAS homologues in the sediment to that in the water increased exponentially with increasing the carbon number of the alkyl group.

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“…The linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS) -ionic surfactants is the most widely used (Mc Avoy et al, 1997). Gledhill (1974) noted that it was introduced as a biodegradable alternative to the non-biodegradable branched-chained alkylbenzene sulfonates). Painter and Zebel, (1989) and World Health Organization, WHO (1996) observed that Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) has a high adsorption coefficient, which is attributed to the physicochemical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organosomatic index and condition factors of Clarias gariepinus juvenile exposed to chronic levels of linear alkyl benzene sulphonate

2016

Sci. Agric

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Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate: Biodegradation and Aquatic Interactions

Cited by 40 publications

References 55 publications

Toxicological impact of detergent effluent on juvenile of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) (Buchell 1822)

Toxicological impact of detergent effluent on juvenile of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) (Buchell 1822)

Difference in the Composition of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate Homologues in River Sediment and River Water

Organosomatic index and condition factors of Clarias gariepinus juvenile exposed to chronic levels of linear alkyl benzene sulphonate

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