Lineages of the Cardiac Conduction System

Mohan, Rajiv A; Boukens, Bas J.; Christoffels, Vincent M.

doi:10.3390/jcdd4020005

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Whether this sidedness is a consequence of generalized left-right embryonic patterning or is more restricted to heart development remains to be determined. For example, it is conceivable that differential contribution of first and second heart field precursors to the VCS within the left and right ventricular chambers influence their sensitivity to Ncam-1 deficiency (Mohan et al, 2017). In this regard, it is noteworthy that transcriptional profiling studies demonstrate both proximal to distal and left versus right differences in gene expression in the developing and mature VCS (Atkinson et al, 2011;Goodyer et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural cell adhesion molecule is required for ventricular conduction system development

Delgado

Zhang

et al. 2021

Development

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The most distal portion of the ventricular conduction system (VCS) contains cardiac Purkinje cells (PCs), which are essential for synchronous activation of the ventricular myocardium. Contactin-2 (CNTN2), a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell adhesion molecules (IgSF-CAMs), was previously identified as a marker of the VCS. Through differential transcriptional profiling, we discovered two additional highly enriched IgSF-CAMs in the VCS: NCAM-1 and ALCAM. Immunofluorescence staining showed dynamic expression patterns for each IgSF-CAM during embryonic and early postnatal stages, but ultimately all three proteins became highly enriched in mature PCs. Mice deficient in NCAM-1, but not CNTN2 or ALCAM, exhibited defects in PC gene expression and VCS patterning, as well as cardiac conduction disease. Moreover, using ST8sia2 and ST8sia4 knockout mice, we show that inhibition of post-translational modification of NCAM-1 by polysialic acid leads to disrupted trafficking of sarcolemmal intercalated disc proteins to junctional membranes and abnormal expansion of the extracellular space between apposing PCs. Taken together, our data provide insights into the complex developmental biology of the ventricular conduction system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural cell adhesion molecule is required for ventricular conduction system development

Delgado

Zhang

et al. 2021

Development

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“…Efficient heart function requires rhythmic atrial and ventricular contractions that depend on two special cardiac properties, spontaneous excitation of pacemaker cells and the signal transfer and action potential (AP) generation of individual CMs. Generated excitations travel through the cells as electrical impulses that enable possible depolarization of adjacent CMs. , In a healthy heart, the cardiac conduction system (CCS) consists of electrical nodes (the sinoatrial node [SAN] and atrioventricular node [AVN]), conductive bundles, and fibers and can initiate, propagate, and conduct electrical currents through the heart for the atrial and ventricular contractions . The dominant pacemaker cells of the SAN generate electrical impulses and stimulate atrial CMs.…”

Section: Electrical Microenvironment Of Cardiac Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

“…40,41 In a healthy heart, the cardiac conduction system (CCS) consists of electrical nodes (the sinoatrial node [SAN] and atrioventricular node [AVN]), conductive bundles, and fibers and can initiate, propagate, and conduct electrical currents through the heart for the atrial and ventricular contractions. 42 The dominant pacemaker cells of the SAN generate electrical impulses and stimulate atrial CMs. Thereafter, impulses reach the AVN, which is the slowconducting member of the CCS.…”

Section: Electrical Microenvironment Of Cardiac Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional Conductive Biomaterials as Promising Platforms for Cardiac Tissue Engineering

Mousavi

Vahdat

Baheiraei

et al. 2020

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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Adult cardiomyocytes are terminally differentiated cells that result in minimal intrinsic potential for the heart to self-regenerate. The introduction of novel approaches in cardiac tissue engineering aims to repair damages from cardiovascular diseases. Recently, conductive biomaterials such as carbon- and gold-based nanomaterials, conductive polymers, and ceramics that have outstanding electrical conductivity, acceptable mechanical properties, and promoted cell–cell signaling transduction have attracted attention for use in cardiac tissue engineering. Nevertheless, comprehensive classification of conductive biomaterials from the perspective of cardiac cell function is a subject for discussion. In the present review, we classify and summarize the unique properties of conductive biomaterials considered beneficial for cardiac tissue engineering. We attempt to cover recent advances in conductive biomaterials with a particular focus on their effects on cardiac cell functions and proposed mechanisms of action. Finally, current problems, limitations, challenges, and suggested solutions for applications of these biomaterials are presented.

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“…The locations of the progenitor cells of the CCS components are depicted by yellow lines for the SV/SAN, blue lines for AVN/AVRBs and green dots for AVB/BBs. IFT inflow tract, IVR interventricular ring, OFT outflow tract, SV sinus venosus.Reproduced with permission from [3] …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Origin of the Cardiac Conduction System: Insight from Lineage Tracing

2018

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The components of the cardiac conduction system (CCS) generate and propagate the electrical impulse that initiates cardiac contraction. These interconnected components share properties, such as automaticity, that set them apart from the working myocardium of the atria and ventricles. A variety of tools and approaches have been used to define the CCS lineages. These include genetic labeling of cells expressing lineage markers and fate mapping of dye labeled cells, which we will discuss in this review. We conclude that there is not a single CCS lineage, but instead early cell fate decisions segregate the lineages of the CCS components while they remain interconnected. The latter is relevant for development of therapies for conduction system disease that focus on reprogramming cardiomyocytes or instruction of pluripotent stem cells.

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Lineages of the Cardiac Conduction System

Cited by 10 publications

References 68 publications

Neural cell adhesion molecule is required for ventricular conduction system development

Neural cell adhesion molecule is required for ventricular conduction system development

Multifunctional Conductive Biomaterials as Promising Platforms for Cardiac Tissue Engineering

Developmental Origin of the Cardiac Conduction System: Insight from Lineage Tracing

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