Lineage diversification and recombination in type-4 human astroviruses

Martella, Vito; Medici, Maria Cristina; Terio, Valentina; Catella, Cristiana; Bozzo, Giancarlo; Tummolo, Fabio; Calderaro, Adriana; Bonura, Floriana; Franco, Marzia Di; Bányai, Krisztiàn; Giammanco, Anna; Grazia, Simona De

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2013.09.015

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…; Martella et al . ), we proposed the same scheme to classify MLB‐1 into two lineages. Considering the formation of two clusters with a strong bootstrap support in the study of a partial segment of ORF2 and nt diversity higher than 7% among the strains of these two clusters, the segregation of MLB‐1 strains circulating worldwide in two lineages named MLB‐1a and MLB‐1b was proposed here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental assessment reveals the presence of MLB-1 human astrovirus in Uruguay

et al. 2015

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental assessment reveals the presence of MLB-1 human astrovirus in Uruguay

et al. 2015

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“…Finally, subtypes or lineages have also been identified within each serotype, with a cutoff 93 to 95% nucleotide homology to a reference strain needed to be considered a new subtype (164)(165)(166)(167)(168). In light of this, HAstV-1 has so far been classified into 6 lineages (1a to 1f), HAstV-2 into 4 lineages (2a to 2d), HAstV-3 into 2 lineages (3a and 3b), and HAstV-4 into 3 lineages (4a to 4c) (166,(169)(170)(171)(172)(173)(174).…”

Section: Human Astrovirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recombinations between different animal AstVs have also been described (152,155,162,183). Although most recombination breakpoints have been identified upstream of the conserved ORF1b/ORF2 junction region (155,168,172,182), they are also frequent within ORF2 (152,155,172,177), and they may also exist within ORF1a (155,181) and ORF1b (155,177,180).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Astroviruses

2014

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SUMMARY Human astroviruses (HAtVs) are positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses that were discovered in 1975. Astroviruses infecting other species, particularly mammalian and avian, were identified and classified into the genera Mamastrovirus and Avastrovirus . Through next-generation sequencing, many new astroviruses infecting different species, including humans, have been described, and the Astroviridae family shows a high diversity and zoonotic potential. Three divergent groups of HAstVs are recognized: the classic ( MAstV 1 ), HAstV-MLB ( MAstV 6 ), and HAstV-VA/HMO ( MAstV 8 and MAstV 9 ) groups. Classic HAstVs contain 8 serotypes and account for 2 to 9% of all acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis in children worldwide. Infections are usually self-limiting but can also spread systemically and cause severe infections in immunocompromised patients. The other groups have also been identified in children with gastroenteritis, but extraintestinal pathologies have been suggested for them as well. Classic HAstVs may be grown in cells, allowing the study of their cell cycle, which is similar to that of caliciviruses. The continuous emergence of new astroviruses with a potential zoonotic transmission highlights the need to gain insights on their biology in order to prevent future health threats. This review focuses on the basic virology, pathogenesis, host response, epidemiology, diagnostic assays, and prevention strategies for HAstVs.

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“…This genus is composed by several species (Mamastrovirus 1-19). Moreover, Mamastrovirus 1 comprises eight genotypes (HAstV-1 to HAstV-8), being HAstV-1, HAstV-2, HAstV-4, and HAstV-8 subdivided into 6, 4, 3, and 3 lineages, respectively (Gabbay et al 2007a, b;De Grazia et al 2013;Martella et al 2013). Additionally, several emergent genotypes that also infect humans, and distantly related to the eight classical human genotypes, have been detected since 2008 and classified as Mamastrovirus 6, 8, and 9 species (MLB and VA genotypes) (Finkbeiner et al 2008;Kapoor et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Assessment of Classical Human Astrovirus in Uruguay

et al. 2015

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The aim of this study was to determine the molecular epidemiology of classical human astrovirus (HAstV) strains in sewage samples from four Uruguayan cities: Bella Unión, Salto, Paysandú, and Fray Bentos, located in the Northwestern region of the country. Overall, 96 sewage samples were collected biweekly between March 2011 and February 2012 and were subject to ultracentrifugation methodology in order to concentrate the viruses. RT-PCR directed to the ORF2 genome region was performed followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Forty-three (45 %) out of 96 analyzed samples were positive for HAstV (Mamastrovirus 1) and 31 of them were successfully sequenced being 21 (49 %) of them classified as HAstV-1 genotype (1a lineage) and 10 (23 %) as HAstV-2 genotype (eight strains belonging to the 2d lineage and two strains to the 2c lineage). The 1a lineage circulated throughout the year, while the 2d lineage only in the coldest months (June to October). Strikingly, the 2c lineage was detected only in Salto city during March 2011. In this city it was observed the highest frequency of HAstV and the greatest genetic diversity, probably due to its role as high touristic spot with an important influx of visitants from others regions of Uruguay and also from other countries. This study constitutes the first report in Uruguay that describes the phylogenetic diversity and genotype distribution of HAstV strains circulating in the Northwestern region evidencing a high frequency and also the presence of several different lineages.

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Lineage diversification and recombination in type-4 human astroviruses

Cited by 30 publications

References 28 publications

Environmental assessment reveals the presence of MLB-1 human astrovirus in Uruguay

Environmental assessment reveals the presence of MLB-1 human astrovirus in Uruguay

Human Astroviruses

Environmental Assessment of Classical Human Astrovirus in Uruguay

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