Line-up Member Similarity Influences the Effectiveness of a Salient Rejection Option for Eyewitnesses

Bruer, Kaila C.; Fitzgerald, Ryan J.; Therrien, Natalie M.; Price, Heather L.

doi:10.1080/13218719.2014.919688

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(44 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…(2014) used simultaneous photo lineups, the procedure utilized in the US. The serial presentation used in the current study may have resulted in higher rates of accuracy for the younger adults in the control TA condition of the current study, as compared to the study by Bruer et al (2014). A further difference is that the current study implemented a longer delay of 1-2 days between seeing the mock crime and then viewing the lineup, compared to Bruer at al.…”

Section: The Mystery Man Silhouettecontrasting

confidence: 44%

“…Bruer, Fitzgerald, Therrien and Price (2014) found that although the silhouette increased correct rejections for TA lineups, this benefit was offset by a reduction in correct identifications for TP lineups. Bruer et al (2014) suggested that using the silhouette made the option to reject the lineup more salient, which was beneficial for TA lineups, but had the detriment that it also increased rejections for TP lineups. They proposed that the costs of using the silhouette outweighed its benefits with young adult participants.…”

Section: Using a Silhouette As An Additional Option In A Lineupmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The authors accept that the first overall global HILOG does appear to show nonsignificant results, and it could be argued that this analysis is somewhat redundant as it compares both the TA and TP lineups together and none of the hypotheses made any predictions comparing both lineups. Having reviewed the literature there is a convention for some papers to conduct these global HILOGs to investigate whether there are significant differences in accuracy for the TP and TA lineups (Bruer et al, 2014;Havard & Memon, 2012;Wilcox & Bull, 2010), however there are other that do not conduct the global HILOG for TP and TA lineup and instead report descriptive statistics, or chi squares comparing TP and TA accuracy, prior to reporting separate analyses for each type of lineup (Karageroge, & Zajac, 2011;Pozzulo et al, 2011;Zajac & Karageorge, 2009). The authors are happy to simply report the descriptive statistics if that would be preferred, but feel that they are justified in conducted further HILOGs, one for the TP and one for the TA lineups using responses rather than accuracy, especially since it does appear for the TA lineups there were some significant effects that could be explored further by Chi Squares.…”

Section: Limitations and Directions For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Mystery Man Can Increase the Reliability of Eyewitness Identifications for Older Adult Witnesses

Havard

Laybourn

Klecha

2016

J Police Crim Psych

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Some groups of eyewitnesses, such as older adults and children, are less likely to correctly reject a target absent (TA) lineup, as compared to younger adults. Previous research reports that using a silhouette in a video lineup called 'the mystery man' could increase correct rejections for TA lineups for child eyewitnesses, without reducing correct identifications for target present (TP) lineups (Havard & Memon, 2013). The current study, using older and younger adults, investigated whether using the mystery man would also increase the identification accuracy for older adults, without impairing younger adults' identification accuracy. The results found that older adults in the 'mystery man' condition, rejected TA line-ups significantly more often than those in the control condition (52% vs. 24%), with no significant effect upon the TP lineups. For the younger adults', the mystery man had no influence on identification responses for the TA or TP line-ups. Our findings suggest the 'mystery man' technique may be beneficial for older adults, without detrimentally affecting the accuracy for younger adults, and thus could increase the reliability of eyewitness evidence, where video lineups are employed.

show abstract

Section: The Mystery Man Silhouettecontrasting

confidence: 44%

Section: Using a Silhouette As An Additional Option In A Lineupmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Limitations and Directions For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Mystery Man Can Increase the Reliability of Eyewitness Identifications for Older Adult Witnesses

Havard

Laybourn

Klecha

2016

J Police Crim Psych

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…More recently, Bruer, Fitzgerald, Therrien, and Price (2015) wanted to examine the effect of a salient rejection option on identification accuracy across lineups varying in foil similarity. To test this, the researchers constructed high and low similarity lineups using similarity ratings provided by judges who were independent of the main study.…”

Section: Lineup Presentation and Foil Similaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research examining the effect of foil similarity and lineup procedure on eyewitness identification accuracy has primarily utilized the simultaneous or sequential lineup procedures. However, one study was recently conducted using the wildcard procedure (i.e., a salient rejection option; Bruer et al, 2015). As various other procedures, such as the elimination-plus procedure, have begun to be empirically studied, it is important to further examine the potential effect that these lineups may have in combination with foil similarity on overall identification abilities.…”

Section: Overview Of the Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining Lineup Identification as a Function of Foil Similarity and Lineup Procedure

Pratt¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The current study examined the effect of lineup procedure and foil similarity on identification accuracy. This study presented adults (N = 287) with either a modified lineup procedure, referred to as the elimination-plus procedure, or the simultaneous procedure. The level of similarity between the foil photographs and the target photo was manipulated (i.e., high similarity or low similarity) in addition to whether the target was present or absent in the lineup. Results from the current study indicate higher rates of correct identification for the simultaneous rather than the elimination-plus procedure and comparable rates of correct rejection across the two lineups. Additionally, similar to previous research, identification accuracy was highest in low similarity conditions compared to high similarity conditions. No interactions were found. The elimination-plus procedure is beneficial as it provides an additional confidence rating, taken after judgment 1. Implications of these findings and suggestions for future research are discussed.

show abstract

A Repeated Forced‐choice Line‐up Procedure Provides Suspect Bias Information with No Cost to Accuracy for Older Children and Adults

Bruer

Price

2017

Applied Cognitive Psychology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In two experiments and one follow-up analysis, we examined the impact of using a repeated forced-choice (RFC) line-up procedure with child and adult eyewitnesses. The RFC procedure divides the identification task into a series of exhaustive binary comparisons that produces not only traditional line-up information (identification decision and confidence) but also information about witness' selection behavior. Experiment 1 revealed that younger children (6-to 8-year-olds) struggled with the RFC procedure, while older children (9-to 11-year-olds) performed as well with the RFC procedure as with a simultaneous procedure (with wildcard). Experiment 2 replicated this comparable performance with adults. Witnesses' suspect selection behavior during the RFC was predictive of identification accuracy for older children and adults. A model examined the additional information provided by the RFC in experiments 1 and 2 and provided evidence that witnesses' patterns of responding can be used to estimate suspect selection bias (a proxy for suspect recognition strength) associated with individual line-up decisions.1 This was not the first procedure that presented line-up members in pairs. Wells and Pozzulo (2006) examined adult eyewitness' memory of multiple perpetrators using six, two-person line-ups, presented serially. In this procedure, participants were shown pairs of line-up members and were told that each pair may or may not contain a picture of either the assailant or accomplice, but not both. For each pair, participants were required to make a decision before moving onto the next pair. Although not significant, Wells and Pozzulo found a trend suggesting that two-person serial line-ups produced more correct rejections than a simultaneous or sequential line-up. 2 Note that Pozzulo and Lindsay's (1998) fast elimination line-up does force children to select one face from a series (i.e., more than two) of distractors.Repeated forced-choice line-up 449

show abstract

Line-up Member Similarity Influences the Effectiveness of a Salient Rejection Option for Eyewitnesses

Cited by 14 publications

References 26 publications

The Mystery Man Can Increase the Reliability of Eyewitness Identifications for Older Adult Witnesses

The Mystery Man Can Increase the Reliability of Eyewitness Identifications for Older Adult Witnesses

Examining Lineup Identification as a Function of Foil Similarity and Lineup Procedure

A Repeated Forced‐choice Line‐up Procedure Provides Suspect Bias Information with No Cost to Accuracy for Older Children and Adults

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About