Lindane (Kwell) -Induced Aplastic Anemia

Rauch, Alan E.; Kowalsky, Steven F.; Lesar, Timothy S.; Sauerbier, Gretchen A.; Burkart, Peter; Scharfman, William B.

doi:10.1001/archinte.1990.00390220125026

Cited by 35 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Several case reports and case series have suggested an association of exposure to lindane (γ-HCH), DDT, heptachlor, and chlordane with aplastic anemia and other blood disorders [12][13][14]37 . Two of the case-control studies mentioned above also reported higher odds of aplastic anemia among subjects occupationally exposed to OC pesticides 10,11 .…”

Section: Oc Pesticides In Serum and Hematological Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Animal studies have shown that persistent organochlorine (OC) pesticides can affect the hematopoietic system through oxidative stress and immunological mechanisms inducing apoptosis of mononuclear cells from peripheral blood 6 . According to this hypothesis, findings from some human studies support the existence of a relationship between environmental and occupational exposure to OC pesticides and blood disorders, particularly aplastic anemia [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] . On the other hand, data available on effects of non-persistent pesticides on human hematopoiesis are increasing, which include reports of leukopenia, leukocytosis, lymphopenia, lymphocytosis, neutropenia, monocytosis, anemia, and thrombocytopenia associated with occupational exposure to contemporary pesticides 9,11,[15][16][17][18][19][20] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Occupational exposure to pesticides and hematological alterations: A survey of farm residents in the South of Brazil

Piccoli

Cremonese

Koifman

et al. 2019

Ciênc. saúde coletiva

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study sought to investigate the association of exposure to organochlorine (OC) and non-persistent pesticides with hematological parameters in an agricultural population in Southern Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a random sample of 275 farm workers and their families in Farroupilha-RS. A questionnaire was used to collect information on sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, duration, frequency and type of pesticide used, among others. Blood samples were collected and analyzed for serum concentration of 24 OC pesticides and hematological parameters. Associations were explored through linear regression, controlling for confounders. Lifetime use of chemical classes other than organophosphates and dithiocarbamates were associated with decreased number of lymphocytes, while subjects sampled in the high pesticide use season showed higher number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin level. Detectable serum levels of many OC pesticides were associated with lower counts of white blood cells, particularly eosinophils. Although mostly null associations were observed between pesticide use and hematological parameters, findings may suggest that OC pesticides could lead to hematological alterations among agricultural workers.

show abstract

Section: Oc Pesticides In Serum and Hematological Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational exposure to pesticides and hematological alterations: A survey of farm residents in the South of Brazil

Piccoli

Cremonese

Koifman

et al. 2019

Ciênc. saúde coletiva

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There have been reports of neurological toxicity (e.g. epileptic convulsions in a 3-year-old child) [3], haematological abnormalities (anaemia) [17], as well as toxic hepatitis and, recently, Leydig cell abnormalities in rat testicles [18]. However, this product has been used effectively in millions of patients.…”

Section: Lindane (Organochlorine)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current treatments for scabies

Buffet

Dupin

2003

Fundamemntal Clinical Pharma

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Scabies is a frequent interhuman ectoparasitic infection. Several treatments are available worldwide. There are local treatments: synthetic pyrethrins, benzyl benzoate, lindane, crotamiton. Recently a few studies were published concerning ivermectin, systemic antiparasitic agent use in onchocercosis treatment. We reviewed the literature with an evidence-based medicine method. We attempt to answer two questions in particular: what is the treatment of choice for common scabies in a patient otherwise in good health? What is the role of systemic ivermectin? We also report specific situations. Among local treatments, studies are heterogeneous according to products, countries, group of treated patients, with or without contact subjects, and the method of treatment application. There are very few high proof-level controlled studies. In France, a combination of benzyl benzoate 10% and sulfiram 2% is used most, according to professional consensus. The most studied product is the cream permethrin 5%, available in the USA and UK. Its efficacy seems slightly superior to lindane and less toxic. It is more efficient than crotamiton. There is no study comparing benzyl benzoate and permethrin. Concerning systemic ivermectin, five controlled studies showed its efficiency in common scabies. But its relative efficiency over local treatment has not been established. A few open studies showed its efficacy in institutional epidemic, profuse scabies and in HIV-positive patients. Local treatment of choice in common scabies remains to be determined among the four principal molecules. There is no study comparing permethrin or esdepallethrin to benzyl benzoate. In what cases should we prescribe crotamiton or lindane? Indication of ivermectin seems proved in common scabies and probably for HIV-positive patients. It remains to be determined if it should be prescribed in the first instance, be double or triple, be associated or not with local treatment. In case of keratotic scabies, ivermectin seems interesting with two applications within 1 week, and should be associated with local treatment (duration remains to be defined). Ivermectin is probably useful in institutional epidemic, and therapeutic attitude remains to be defined. Ivermectin seems to have little or no risk. Treatment must be adapted case-by-case, according to feasibility. It is still important to treat contacts, and modality of this treatment remains to be specified.

show abstract

“…Concentrations used for the dose-response study ranged from 50 to 400/zM. These concentrations were chosen to encompass values found in vivo after human lindane exposure, 71 to 125 /~M (20)(21)(22). Control conceptuses were given DMSO at concentrations equal to the amount added with the highest concentration oflindane.…”

Section: Rat Whole Embryo Culture and Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lindane embryotoxicity and differential alteration of cysteine and glutathione levels in rat embryos and visceral yolk sacs

McNutt

Harris

1994

Reproductive Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The lindane embryotoxicity and associated changes in cysteine (CYS) and glutathione (GSH) status have been investigated in the early organogenesis-stage rat conceptus utilizing whole embryo culture techniques. Direct exposure of gestational day 10 (GD 10) conceptuses to lindane (50, 100, 200, 300, and 400 microM) in the culture medium resulted in a dose- and time-dependent increase in mortality (88% at 400 microM), frequency, and severity of malformations and in decreased growth parameters. Protein and DNA contents of embryo and visceral yolk sac (VYS), likewise decreased significantly as lindane concentrations increased. Lindane exposures greater than 100 microM produced abnormal axial rotation, pooled blood on lateral cephalic surfaces, cephalic edema, and decreased VYS vasculature. Histologic sections showed a variety of abnormalities, including distended anterior cardinal veins, thinning of the neuroepithelium in forebrain and hindbrain regions, and abnormal branchial arch development. CYS and GSH levels in the VYS were not significantly affected by 100 microM lindane exposure during a 5-h incubation period on GD 10 and GD 11. In contrast, CYS and GSH levels in lindane-exposed embryos remained unchanged while control levels continued to increase with gestational age. At 5 h, treated embryos showed a significant depletion of CYS (GD 10, 22%; GD 11, 35%) and GSH (GD 10, 41%; GD 11, 24%) relative to controls. Selective lindane-induced depletion of embryonic GSH suggests involvement of the glutathione redox cycle in lindane embryotoxicity.

show abstract

Lindane (Kwell) -Induced Aplastic Anemia

Cited by 35 publications

References 9 publications

Occupational exposure to pesticides and hematological alterations: A survey of farm residents in the South of Brazil

Occupational exposure to pesticides and hematological alterations: A survey of farm residents in the South of Brazil

Current treatments for scabies

Lindane embryotoxicity and differential alteration of cysteine and glutathione levels in rat embryos and visceral yolk sacs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About