Limonoid derivatives and its pesticidal activities

Abstract

Diverse pesticidal activities of anthothecol derived from Khaya anthotheca (Meliaceae) and three limonoids (gedunin, limonin and obacunone) were determined using six phytopathogenic fungi and four insect pests. Anthothecol showed fungicidal activity to Puccinia recondita with control rates of 90, 76 and 53% at concentrations 0.5, 0.25 and 0.1 mg/mL, respectively, while the other limonoids exhibited little inhibitory effect on the fungal survival. The currently used fungicide mancozeb possessed potent fungicidal activity on P. recondite, with 92.3% controlling effect at a concentration of 0.005 mg/mL. Anthothecol exhibited larvicidal activity to Plutella xylostella with 80, 50 and 30% mortality at concentrations of 1.0, 0.5 and 0.25 mg/mL, respectively. Anthothecol showed selective pesticidal activity on P. recondita and P. xylostella. Structural re-examination of anthothecol was conducted and is reported.

Biological Activities of Gedunin—A Limonoid from the Meliaceae Family

“…Gedunin, isolated from neem seed kernel oil, exhibited 100% toxic action against both mosquito larvae at 50 and 100 ppm [84]. The pesticidal activity of gedunin was tested in four different insects, Nilaparvata lugens, Myzus persicae, S. litura, and Plutella xylostella [85]. It showed insecticidal activity to N. lugens with 40, 20, and 0% mortality at concentrations of 1, 0.5, and 0.25 mg/mL, respectively, and moderate activity against P. xylostella, with 60, 40, and 10% mortality at concentrations of 1, 0.5, and 0.25 mg/mL, respectively.…”

“…Juss., showed a marked and progressive antifungal activity, with P. palustris being more sensitive than P. versicolor. More recently, fungicidal activity of gedunin was determined against six phytopathogenic fungi: Pyricularia grisea, Rhizoctonia solani, Botrytis cinerea, Phytophthora infestans, Puccinia recondite, and Erysiphe graminis [85]. In this study, the whole plant method was used for three different gedunin concentrations: 1, 0.5, and 0.25 mg/mL.…”

Assessment of cropping patterns of Atractylodes lancea by mass spectrum metabolomics

“…The active ingredients of Evodia rutaecarpa have biological control of plant pathogens such as aphids, the most important pest in A. Lancea, the indole quinazoline alkaloids and their derivatives in Evodia rutaecarpa at 50 µg mL − 1 resulted in over 250% mortality of aphids, and the limonin were also zootoxic to aphids. [9,[17][18][19] It can also limit the 'bottom-up' colonisation and growth of other pests such as aphids that feed on A. Lancea by physically preventing predation by the host. [20] Forest medicine intercropping systems, which also mask host plant odours and allow pests to nd their hosts.…”