LiMnPO<sub>4</sub> Nanoplate Grown via Solid-State Reaction in Molten Hydrocarbon for Li-Ion Battery Cathode

Choi, Daiwon; Wang, Donghai; Bae, In Tae; Xiao, Jie; Nie, Zimin; Wang, Wei; Viswanathan, Vilayanur V.; Lee, Yun Jung; Zhang, Ji Guang; Graff, Gordon L.; Yang, Zhenguo; Liu, Jun

doi:10.1021/nl1007085

Cited by 356 publications

(283 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(171 reference statements)

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“…In more recent reports, carbon-coated nanostructures have enabled stable cycling as a result of diminishing Li + diffusion paths, accommodation of the volume induced change on cycling (~9.5%) [459], and enhanced electrical conductivity. Choi and co-workers [458], have demonstrated enhanced performance of carbon-coated LiMnPO4 nanoplates, with stable cycling and high gravimetric capacity. The LiMnPO4 nanoplates, which were in the order of 50 nm thick, were prepared by a surfactant (oleic acid)-assisted solid-state reaction of MnCO3 and NH4H2PO4, with molten paraffin serving as co-solvent.…”

Section: Other Transition Metal Phosphates (Limpo4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One such example is LiMnPO4 [447][448][449][450][451][452][453][454][455][456][457][458], which is isostructural to that of olivine LiFePO4, while possessing a higher operating voltage (4.1 vs. 3.5 V, respectively) [378,448], and hence energy densities which could exceed 700 Wh kg -1 . At this point, it should be suggested that LiMnPO4 represents a more realistic candidate compared to LiCoPO4 or LiNiPO4, since the working voltage of LiCoPO4 or LiNiPO4 electrodes (4.9 and 5.1 V, respectively), currently lies outside regions of stability of the commonly-employed organic (carbonate) electrolytes [378].…”

Section: Other Transition Metal Phosphates (Limpo4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating the performance of nanostructured materials as lithium-ion battery electrodes

et al. 2013

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Access to the full text of the published version may require a subscription. Rights © Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin ABSTRACTThe performance of the lithium-ion cell is heavily dependent on the ability of the host electrodes to accommodate and release Li + ions from the local structure. While the choice of electrode materials may define parameters such as cell potential and capacity, the process of intercalation may be physically limited by the rate of solid-state Li + diffusion. Increased diffusion rates in lithium-ion electrodes may be achieved through a reduction in the diffusion path, accomplished by a scaling of the respective electrode dimensions.In addition, some electrodes may undergo large volume changes associated with charging and discharging, the strain of which, may be better accommodated through nanostructuring. Failure of the host to accommodate such volume changes may lead to pulverisation of the local structure and a rapid loss of capacity. In this review article, we seek to highlight a number of significant gains in the development of nanostructured lithium-ion battery architectures (both anode and cathode), as drivers of potential next-generation electrochemical energy storage devices.

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Section: Other Transition Metal Phosphates (Limpo4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Other Transition Metal Phosphates (Limpo4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the performance of nanostructured materials as lithium-ion battery electrodes

et al. 2013

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“…When the same synthesis method is applied to generate both, the particle size of LiFePO 4 is smaller than the one of LiMnPO 4 [25]. Various synthesis routes have so far produced morphologies of LiMnPO 4 with spherical [26], plate-shaped [4,27,28], rods [25,29,30], wires [31,32], microporous [33] and flower-like structures [34,35]. Their electrochemical properties were affected by different morphologies of LiMnPO 4 [36], which may have different orientations of Li þ diffusion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticle shapes of LiMnPO4, Li+ diffusion orientation and diffusion coefficients for high volumetric energy Li+ ion cathodes

Kwon

Yin

Vavrova

et al. 2017

Journal of Power Sources

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h i g h l i g h t s g r a p h i c a l a b s t r a c tNanoparticles of LiMnPO 4 were fabricated in rod, elongated as well as cubic shapes. The 1D Li þ preferred diffusion direction for each shape was determined via electron diffraction spot patterns. The shape of nano-LiMnPO 4 varied the diffusion coefficient of Li þ because the Li þ diffusion direction and the path length were different. The particles with the shortest dimension along the b-axis provided the highest diffusion coefficient, resulting in the highest gravimetric capacity of 135, 100 and 60 mAh g À1 at 0.05C, 1C and 10C, respectively. Using ball-milling, a higher loading of nano-LiMnPO 4 in the electrode was achieved, increasing the volumetric capacity to 263 mAh cm À3 , which is ca. 3.5 times higher than the one obtained by hand-mixing of electrode materials. Thus, the electrochemical performance is governed by both the diffusion coefficient of Li þ , which is dependent on the shape of LiMnPO 4 nanoparticles and the secondary composite structure.

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“…The rate capabilities of LiMnPO 4 /C and LiCoPO 4 /C are significantly poorer compared with the LiFePO 4 , which may be explained by the difference in intrinsic material properties, such as the miscibility gap. The electrochemical properties of the LiMnPO 4 /C core−shell nanocomposite is better than LiMnPO 4 /C particles (30 nm), 42 nanometric LiMnPO 4 , 43 LiMnPO 4 nanoplate, 44 and carboncoated LiMnPO 4 . 45 The improved electrochemical performance may be attributed to small LiMnPO 4 core coated with a uniform carbon shell.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

General Strategy for Designing Core–Shell Nanostructured Materials for High-Power Lithium Ion Batteries

et al. 2012

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Because of its extreme safety and outstanding cycle life, Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 has been regarded as one of the most promising anode materials for next-generation high-power lithium-ion batteries. Nevertheless, Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 suffers from poor electronic conductivity. Here, we develop a novel strategy for the fabrication of Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 /carbon core−shell electrodes using metal oxyacetyl acetonate as titania and single-source carbon. Importantly, this novel approach is simple and general, with which we have successfully produce nanosized particles of an olivine-type LiMPO 4 (M = Fe, Mn, and Co) core with a uniform carbon shell, one of the leading cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Metal acetylacetonates first decompose with carbon coating the particles, which is followed by a solid state reaction in the limited reaction area inside the carbon shell to produce the LTO/C (LMPO 4 /C) core−shell nanostructure. The optimum design of the core−shell nanostructures permits fast kinetics for both transported Li + ions and electrons, enabling high-power performance. KEYWORDS: Lithium ion batteries, Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , lithium metal phosphates, core−shell structures, anode, cathode L ithium-ion batteries (LIBs), dominating the portable power market, have attracted enormous attention in the last several years for large-scale battery applications, such as electric vehicles (EV) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). 1,2 However, further improvements in terms of power densities, safety, and lifetime require new materials or new structures with a higher storage capacity and faster charge and discharge rate and desired potentials. 3−6 Graphitic carbon is commonly used as an anode in commercial LIBs but exhibits poor rate performance due to its low Li diffusion coefficient and presents serious safety issues because of potential solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film formation. 7−10 As for cathode materials, lithium transition metal oxides suffer from the intrinsic disadvantage of poor thermal stability due to the release of oxygen from the highly delithiated oxide materials. 11 Advanced materials with better safety and excellent rate capability are critical components for the next generation of LIBs.Compared to graphite, spinel Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 (LTO) exhibits a relatively high lithium insertion/extraction voltage of approximately 1.55 V (vs Li/Li + ), which circumvents the formation of the SEI and suppress lithium dendrite deposition on the surface of the anode. 12−14 As a zero-strain insertion material, LTO possesses excellent reversibility and excellent Li-ion mobility in the charge−discharge process. 15−17 As a cathode material, olivine-type LiMPO 4 (M = Fe, Mn, Co, and Ni) compounds which display high Li-ion mobility, superior safety properties, and high electrochemical and thermal stability. 18−23 Therefore, a LiMPO 4 /LTO cell system possessing unique properties would enable a promising rechargeable batteries for large-scale application.However, both materials suffer from poor electronic conductivity (for example: ...

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LiMnPO₄ Nanoplate Grown via Solid-State Reaction in Molten Hydrocarbon for Li-Ion Battery Cathode

Cited by 356 publications

References 46 publications

Evaluating the performance of nanostructured materials as lithium-ion battery electrodes

Evaluating the performance of nanostructured materials as lithium-ion battery electrodes

Nanoparticle shapes of LiMnPO4, Li+ diffusion orientation and diffusion coefficients for high volumetric energy Li+ ion cathodes

General Strategy for Designing Core–Shell Nanostructured Materials for High-Power Lithium Ion Batteries

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LiMnPO4 Nanoplate Grown via Solid-State Reaction in Molten Hydrocarbon for Li-Ion Battery Cathode

Cited by 356 publications

References 46 publications

Evaluating the performance of nanostructured materials as lithium-ion battery electrodes

Evaluating the performance of nanostructured materials as lithium-ion battery electrodes

Nanoparticle shapes of LiMnPO4, Li+ diffusion orientation and diffusion coefficients for high volumetric energy Li+ ion cathodes

General Strategy for Designing Core–Shell Nanostructured Materials for High-Power Lithium Ion Batteries

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LiMnPO₄ Nanoplate Grown via Solid-State Reaction in Molten Hydrocarbon for Li-Ion Battery Cathode