Limits to Paris compatibility of CO2 capture and utilization

Kleijne, Kiane de; Hanssen, Steef V.; Dinteren, Lester van; Huijbregts, Mark A. J.; Zelm, Rosalie van; Coninck, H.C. de

doi:10.1016/j.oneear.2022.01.006

Cited by 112 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…A sustainable energy policy in order to mitigate climate change and successfully address the Paris agreement directives is considered to be based on three pillars: (i) improvement of the efficiency of fossil fuel-based energy conversion, (ii) replacement of fossil fuels with energy sources that are more environmentally friendly and carbon neutral, such as renewables and (iii) capture, storage and utilization of unavoidable CO 2 emissions [57,58]. Amongst these, the second one, i.e., RES penetration in the energy mix is the most feasible from a practical point of view, albeit with the unavoidable requirement for governmental financial support (mainly via subsidizing).…”

Section: Co 2 Mitigation Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Collectively and in accordance with the Paris Agreement directives, there has been a worldwide effort towards the goal of CO 2 emissions abatement worldwide. Indeed, although not all of the proposed technologies for carbon dioxide mitigation are necessarily Paris-compatible and economically feasible in the long term [58], increased funding has been allocated for the deployment of several projects globally [4,[130][131][132]. In particular, in 2020, the USA government approved the US Energy Act, authorizing the allocation of ca.…”

Section: Carbon Capture and Utilization (Ccu)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances on CO2 Mitigation Technologies: On the Role of Hydrogenation Route via Green H2

et al. 2022

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The increasing trend in global energy demand has led to an extensive use of fossil fuels and subsequently in a marked increase in atmospheric CO2 content, which is the main culprit for the greenhouse effect. In order to successfully reverse this trend, many schemes for CO2 mitigation have been proposed, taking into consideration that large-scale decarbonization is still infeasible. At the same time, the projected increase in the share of variable renewables in the future energy mix will necessitate large-scale curtailment of excess energy. Collectively, the above crucial problems can be addressed by the general scheme of CO2 hydrogenation. This refers to the conversion of both captured CO2 and green H2 produced by RES-powered water electrolysis for the production of added-value chemicals and fuels, which are a great alternative to CO2 sequestration and the use of green H2 as a standalone fuel. Indeed, direct utilization of both CO2 and H2 via CO2 hydrogenation offers, on the one hand, the advantage of CO2 valorization instead of its permanent storage, and the direct transformation of otherwise curtailed excess electricity to stable and reliable carriers such as methane and methanol on the other, thereby bypassing the inherent complexities associated with the transformation towards a H2-based economy. In light of the above, herein an overview of the two main CO2 abatement schemes, Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) and Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU), is firstly presented, focusing on the route of CO2 hydrogenation by green electrolytic hydrogen. Next, the integration of large-scale RES-based H2 production with CO2 capture units on-site industrial point sources for the production of added-value chemicals and energy carriers is contextualized and highlighted. In this regard, a specific reference is made to the so-called Power-to-X schemes, exemplified by the production of synthetic natural gas via the Power-to-Gas route. Lastly, several outlooks towards the future of CO2 hydrogenation are presented.

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Section: Co 2 Mitigation Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Carbon Capture and Utilization (Ccu)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances on CO2 Mitigation Technologies: On the Role of Hydrogenation Route via Green H2

et al. 2022

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“…For instance, intensive research is being conducted into the mineralisation of CO 2 emissions in the steel industry using steel slag as a basis to produce construction materials. This technology is already considered marketable and climate-friendly (de Kleijne et al, 2022). In the cement and concrete industry, the use of CO 2 in the curing of concrete is being tested, off ering the potential for particularly long-term storage (Liang et al, 2020).…”

Section: Economics Of Industrial Carbon Capturementioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Carbon Cycles: A Framework for the Ramp-up of Carbon Capture?

Wolf¹

2022

Intereconomics

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With its communication “Sustainable Carbon Cycles”, the European Commission has opened a new chapter in European climate policy. For the first time, natural and artificial CO2 capture and storage technologies are to be covered jointly in an overarching regulatory approach. This article reviews the techno-economic potentials of the application fields envisaged by the Commission’s strategy, and defines central requirements for a future funding framework. The establishment of markets for carbon credits is identified as a basis for commercialising storage solutions. However, a prerequisite for efficient trading is to create transparency about the climate impact of the technology alternatives. Efforts to improve existing measurement concepts and test procedures as well as the development of certified standards are decisive steps on this path. The time horizon of carbon sequestration should be a crucial aspect in certification and monitoring. Double funding and unnecessary subsidisation of activities that are already profitable today need to be avoided.

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“…In this context, carbon capture and utilization (CCU) technologies are the subject of growing interest in politics, industry, and science and have become widely discussed as a concept for industrial and transport transformation toward sustainability (Group of Chief Scientific Advisors, 2018;Schlögl et al, 2018;Hepburn et al, 2019). CCU technologies aim to use CO 2 captured from different sources instead of fossil carbon in the production of a variety of valuable goods, thus reducing emissions and the use of fossil resources as well as addressing a continued need for carbon in the creation of products such as chemicals and polymers (e.g., Olfe-Kräutlein et al, 2016;IEA, 2019;North and Styring, 2019;Sick, 2021;de Kleijne et al, 2022). This sets it apart from Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS), which captures CO 2 in order to store it permanently through injection in geological sites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Committed to implementing CCU? A comparison of the policy mix in the US and the EU

Thielges

Olfe-Kräutlein²,

Rees³

et al. 2022

Front. Clim.

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Carbon capture and utilization (CCU) technologies aim to use carbon dioxide (CO2), either captured from industrial point sources or from the atmosphere, instead of fossil carbon in the production of a variety of valuable goods. CCU has the potential to contribute to emission reductions and to lower raw material consumption as well to foster transitional processes toward a circular economy. To enable societies to take full advantage of this potential, policy support is needed in overcoming current barriers and fostering CCU implementation as a feasible option for the industry. Based on a literature and online investigation, this paper identifies and compares the current policy mixes for CCU in the US and the EU, focusing on policy strategies and existing and proposed policy instruments. The analysis shows that US strategy documents, with very few exceptions, do not mention CCU specifically in the context of the country's 2030 or 2050 climate targets. In the EU, in contrast, the future role of CCU is clearly linked to achieving climate-neutrality by 2050. The main policy instruments to incentivize the implementation of CCU in the US are tax credits (45Q). Moreover, funding exists for research and development efforts. In the EU, many reform proposals are currently underway that could benefit CCU technologies. At present, policy support, for instance through the Renewable Energy Directive, mainly aims at renewable fuels of non-biological origin while in other areas CCU support remains at odds with principles such as “energy efficiency first”. The EU does, however, have a broad range of funding opportunities available for research, development and demonstration projects. The paper uses the cross-regional comparison of policy mixes to formulate policy recommendations to improve policy mixes for CCU. A clearer strategic commitment to CCU, its incorporation into green public procurement guidelines, incorporating CCU across different funding schemes for sustainable energy transition, and ambitious new targets for renewable electricity and green hydrogen, for instance, could help develop the policy mixes further to provide a supportive framework for CCU.

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Limits to Paris compatibility of CO2 capture and utilization

Cited by 112 publications

References 134 publications

Recent Advances on CO2 Mitigation Technologies: On the Role of Hydrogenation Route via Green H2

Recent Advances on CO2 Mitigation Technologies: On the Role of Hydrogenation Route via Green H2

Sustainable Carbon Cycles: A Framework for the Ramp-up of Carbon Capture?

Committed to implementing CCU? A comparison of the policy mix in the US and the EU

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