Limits on Ti Element Transfer in Submerged Arc Welding: Thermochemical Analysis
Theresa Coetsee,
Frederik De Bruin
Abstract:TiO2 inclusion formation in the weld pool is required to produce potent nucleation sites for acicular ferrite microstructure formation. Weld metal oxygen content must be limited to ensure acceptable materials properties, although sufficient oxygen is required for inclusion formation. Weld pool oxygen is sourced from the decomposition of flux oxides. Weld metal oxygen is controlled with flux chemistry formulation by CaF2 dilution of oxides. In conventional submerged arc welding (SAW), the flux is the source of … Show more
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