Limits of detection of explosives as determined with IMS and field asymmetric IMS vapour detectors

Zalewska, A.; Pawłowski, W.; Tomaszewski, Waldemar

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.01.005

Cited by 38 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The use of a smear matrix for IMS analysis is a simple and useful sampling method for on‐site detection 30,31,53–55 . The solid‐state analyte molecules are simply introduced into the ionization region from the sample inlet where they can react with RIs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of different types of reactant ions on the ionization behavior of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in corona discharge ion mobility spectrometry

Son

Choi

2020

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Rationale Some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are considered to be cancer‐causing chemicals, and ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is used for on‐site detection of such hazardous chemicals. In IMS, the ionization behavior of analytes is affected by the types of reactant ions (RIs). In the present work, the influence of different types of RIs on the ionization behaviors of PAHs in an ion mobility spectrometer equipped with a corona discharge ionization source was investigated using various RIs. Methods Selected PAHs were dissolved in anisole, fluorobenzene, chlorobenzene, or bromobenzene. The IMS analysis procedure was performed as follows: (a) the PAH solution was dropped onto the smear matrix; (b) the smear matrix was immediately inserted into the sample inlet to minimize evaporation of the solvent; and (c) the IMS analysis was performed. The lowest amount studied was 10 ng. Variations in the IMS spectra with time were investigated. Results PAHs were not ionized by RIs of protonated molecules ([M + H]+) such as air/moisture and acetone, but they were ionized by charge transfer reactions with RIs of molecular ions (M•+) of solvents such as anisole, fluorobenzene, chlorobenzene, and bromobenzene. The PAH ions were detected following a time delay of ~1–5 s after the sample introduction, and the times at which the maximum intensities for the PAHs were observed were different. The detection limits of PAHs in chlorobenzene were on the whole better than those in other solvents, whereas those in fluorobenzene were worse. The detection limits of pyrene and benzo[a]anthracene were better than those of the other PAHs irrespective of the solvent used. Conclusions PAH molecules were ionized by charge transfer reactions with RIs of the solvents, and their ions were detected ~1–5 s after sample introduction. The order of the ionization efficiency was chlorobenzene > anisole > bromobenzene > fluorobenzene.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of different types of reactant ions on the ionization behavior of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in corona discharge ion mobility spectrometry

Son

Choi

2020

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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“…IMS may be coupled to other analytical techniques such as Headspace (HS) in order to concentrate VOCs, and/or to other separation techniques, such as Gas Chromatography (GC) or MS to operate in parallel. IMS has been successfully used in many different fields like drug or explosive detection [32,33,34] or for fire debris analysis [35]. It has also been used in several agro-food researches [36,37,38] and even for the detection of food fraud associated with oil [28,39], ham [28] or peanuts [40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Screening Method Based on Headspace-Ion Mobility Spectrometry to Identify Adulterated Honey

Aliaño-González

Ferreiro-González

Espada-Bellido

et al. 2019

Sensors

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Nowadays, adulteration of honey is a frequent fraud that is sometimes motivated by the high price of this product in comparison with other sweeteners. Food adulteration is considered a deception to consumers that may have an important impact on people’s health. For this reason, it is important to develop fast, cheap, reliable and easy to use analytical methods for food control. In the present research, a novel method based on headspace-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-IMS) for the detection of adulterated honey by adding high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) has been developed. A Box–Behnken design combined with a response surface method have been used to optimize a procedure to detect adulterated honey. Intermediate precision and repeatability studies have been carried out and coefficients of variance of 4.90% and 4.27%, respectively, have been obtained. The developed method was then tested to detect adulterated honey. For that purpose, pure honey samples were adulterated with HFCS at different percentages (10–50%). Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) showed a tendency of the honey samples to be classified according to the level of adulteration. Nevertheless, a perfect classification was not achieved. On the contrary, a full classification (100%) of all the honey samples was performed by linear discriminant analysis (LDA). This is the first time the technique of HS-IMS has been applied for the determination of adulterated honey with HFCS in an automatic way.

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“…By increasing terror threat, security programs have been reinforced and detection of explosives is critical for security applications. Ion mobility spectrometry has been widely used for detection of explosives due to the low detection limits, fast response, and simplicity . Ion mobility spectrometer (IMS) is one of portable and hand‐held explosive detectors, and it is used by security personnel to detect the presence of explosives in vehicles, packages, and other items.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing Method for On‐Site Measurement of Explosive Materials Contaminated on Travel Luggage Bag and Backpack Using Ion Mobility Spectrometry

Choi

Son

2017

Bulletin Korean Chem Soc

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Testing method for the on-site detection of explosive materials contaminated on the travel luggage bag (TLB) and backpack (BP) surfaces was established using ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) and smear matrix. Trinitrotoluene and 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane were used as model explosive materials. Two sampling methods of rolling (with a metal roller) and handrubbing were used, and stainless steel mesh was used as the smear matrix for collection of explosive material. Testing parts of the TLB and BP were selected in consideration of contaminant accumulation, physical contact, and sample collection. Explosive materials deposited on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) sheet were transferred to the testing part, the explosive materials existing on the testing part were collected using the smear matrix, and then the collected explosive materials were analyzed using IMS. High signal-to-noise ratio over 10 was applied for the determination of the minimum initial explosive concentration (C min_PTFE ) to detect in IMS. The handrubbing method was much more efficient than the rolling method. The C min_PTFE values were different according to the testing parts. The C min_PTFE values of the TLB were higher than those of the BP. The experimental results were explained by difference in surface morphology of the testing areas. The testing method can be helpful to select the sampling parts and to collect the explosive materials for on-site security checks.

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Limits of detection of explosives as determined with IMS and field asymmetric IMS vapour detectors

Cited by 38 publications

References 11 publications

The influence of different types of reactant ions on the ionization behavior of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in corona discharge ion mobility spectrometry

The influence of different types of reactant ions on the ionization behavior of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in corona discharge ion mobility spectrometry

A Screening Method Based on Headspace-Ion Mobility Spectrometry to Identify Adulterated Honey

Testing Method for On‐Site Measurement of Explosive Materials Contaminated on Travel Luggage Bag and Backpack Using Ion Mobility Spectrometry

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