Limiting similarity, biotic resistance, nutrient supply, or enemies? What accounts for the invasion success of an exotic legume?

Walder, Morgan R.; Armstrong, Joseph E.; Borowicz, Victoria A.

doi:10.1007/s10530-018-1835-8

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…the effect generated by the order in which species arrive at a local site) lowering resource availability and contributing to invasion resistance (Davis, Grime, & Thompson, 2000; Goldstein & Suding, 2013; Hess et al., 2019; Stuble & Souza, 2016), especially at the early stage of community assembly (Byun et al., 2013; Byun & Lee, 2017; Mwangi et al., 2007). Moreover, the significant negative influence after 2 years of FG3 and FG4 on P. australis , also an FG4 species, implies a role for limiting similarity, which predicts that resident communities with traits similar to potential invaders will better resist invasion (Fox & Brown, 1993; Peter & Burdick, 2010; Walder et al., 2019). FG1 and FG4 remained significant when considering all invaders, although in interaction with FG3 for the latter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The more functional groups with complementary traits assemble in communities, the more niches are expected to be occupied in space and time (Funk, Cleland, Suding, & Zavaleta, 2008). As a result, functionally diverse communities are expected to use resources efficiently (Booth, Caldwell, & Stark, 2003; Frankow‐Lindberg, 2012), and functional group diversity could be more indicative of biotic resistance than species richness alone (Dı́az & Cabido, 2001; Pokorny et al., 2005; Walder, Armstrong, & Borowicz, 2019). At regional scale, evidence suggests that the functional composition of a community determines the identity of exotic invaders even when communities are unsaturated (Davies, Cavender‐Bares, & Deacon, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Restoring functionally diverse communities enhances invasion resistance in a freshwater wetland

2020

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1. Understanding how plant communities reassemble is particularly relevant when invaders are part of the species pool and can compromise restoration or conservation goals. If initial species composition has a lasting impact on community dynamics, it may be possible to enhance biotic resistance to invasion, particularly through diversity effects, by manipulating early community composition. Diversity effects have been investigated much less in wetlands than in uplands. 2. We conducted a large plant community restoration experiment in a freshwater wetland to investigate species and functional diversity effects on biotic resistance to invasion during early community assembly. The wetland was under propagule pressure mostly from Phragmites australis (common reed), but all species not sown in this experiment that established in the plots were treated as 'invaders', whether exotic or native. We used a two-step model selection approach and a diversityinteraction model framework to test hypotheses about the contribution to invasion success of abiotic conditions, species richness, as well as functional group richness, identity and pairwise interactions, providing a rare test of diversity effects against multiple invaders in wetlands. 3. In all, 20 species invaded the plots. They were grouped for analysis to evaluate the overall resistance of resident communities. The three main invaders, P. australis and two native taxa (Salix spp., Populus deltoides), were also analysed separately. Diversity-interaction models revealed invader-specific responses. Functional group identity determined resistance to P. australis, whereas pairwise interactions between functional groups explained resistance to Salix spp. Both effects were retained when grouping all invaders. Resistance to P. deltoides was determined by abiotic conditions. 4. The contribution of specific functional groups varied with invader. Annuals and clonal perennials explained resistance to P. australis, suggesting priority and limiting similarity effects. Interactions, when significant, mostly included fast-growing annuals. When considering all invaders, identity effects were detected for all functional groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restoring functionally diverse communities enhances invasion resistance in a freshwater wetland

2020

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“…For example, trials are already underway for Cassytha pubescens as a biocontrol of U. europaeus, Cytisus scoparius along with Rubus fruticosus agg., one of Australia's most problematic invasive plants. These field studies should not only demonstrate the successful parasitism and suppression of target invasive hosts but also community and long-term effects to exclude or minimize the possibility of some invasive species benefiting from indirect parasite effects as observed by Walder et al (2018).…”

Section: Additional Parasitic Plants May Be Identified As Prospective Biocontrols and Embedded Into Invasion Management Schemesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Native parasitic plants: Biological control for plant invasions?

Těšitel

Cirocco

Watling

2020

Applied Vegetation Science

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Plant invasions cause biodiversity loss and degradation in ecosystems worldwide. The invasive species involved may be introduced, or native invaders, and controlling them is a major global challenge. Here, we highlight an emerging role for native parasitic plants in suppressing invasive species, thus aiding in restoration of affected habitats. Compelling empirical evidence is provided by three study systems located in Central Europe, southern Australia and eastern China. Further cases of parasitism of invasive plants have been recorded across five continents. We propose including the interactions between parasitic and invasive plants into the theoretical framework of the biotic resistance hypothesis concerning generalist interactions between invaders and native biota. Among parasitic plants, numerous root hemiparasites, mistletoes and parasitic vines show low host specificity and exert substantial negative effects on their hosts. These parasitic plants may interfere with key traits of invaders such as symbiotic nitrogen fixation or clonal propagation which provide them with competitive advantage over native species. We contend that some parasitic plants may present a cost‐effective environmentally sustainable component of invasion management schemes. Therefore, we encourage exploration of this potential and the development of methods for practical applications in ecological restoration and nature conservation.

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“…First, managing high grass abundance will help buffer a grassland from L. cuneata's invasion or its further spread. Second, increasing diversity by planting legumes, rather than non-leguminous forbs, can help increase the resistance to invasion and the quality of a grassland [92,93]. To promote legume growth, inoculating with rhizobia should be considered, as well as options for reducing nutrient limitation [94,95].…”

Section: Management Implications and Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Sustainable Grassland Management Approaches in Response to the Invasive Legume Lespedeza cuneata: A Functional Group Approach

Garrett

Gibson

2020

Sustainability

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We propose combining the filter framework model of community assembly with the passenger-driver model of non-native species behavior to help clarify the impacts of invasive species in the communities they invade and to guide sustainable management protocols. Observational field surveys and a greenhouse experiment explored the role of the invasive legume Lespedeza cuneata in the communities it invades and how natives in three functional groups—grasses, forbs, and legumes—respond to its presence. Within-site analyses from the field survey revealed differences in invaded and uninvaded areas in half of the sites, suggesting that site-specific characteristics influences whether L. cuneata’s presence corresponds to local differences in species composition. The greenhouse experiment found higher levels of saprophytic and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soil conditioned by L. cuneata than in unconditioned soil. However, competition between L. cuneata or the native congener L. capitata and nine native species illustrated stronger aboveground competitive effects than belowground soil effects due to soil conditioning, with impacts differing among functional groups. The response of L. cuneata was reduced in the presence of grasses and other legumes but not forbs. Assessing the impact of L. cuneata with the combined community assembly model revealed this invasive plant acts as a driver because it alters abiotic and biotic filters to impact species composition. Managing for high grass abundance and planting native legumes will help sustain grasslands from L. cuneata invasion.

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Limiting similarity, biotic resistance, nutrient supply, or enemies? What accounts for the invasion success of an exotic legume?

Cited by 21 publications

References 64 publications

Restoring functionally diverse communities enhances invasion resistance in a freshwater wetland

Restoring functionally diverse communities enhances invasion resistance in a freshwater wetland

Native parasitic plants: Biological control for plant invasions?

Identifying Sustainable Grassland Management Approaches in Response to the Invasive Legume Lespedeza cuneata: A Functional Group Approach

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