Limiting factors to the OCT axial resolution for in-vivo imaging of human and rodent retina in the 1060nm wavelength range

Hariri, Sanaz; Moayed, Alireza Akhlagh; Dracopoulos, Aphrodite; Hyun, Chulho; Boyd, Shelley; Bizheva, Kostadinka

doi:10.1364/oe.17.024304

Cited by 43 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…2͑d͔͒ are typical and similar to previously published results. 7 The UHROCT images show fine details of the healthy retina structure similar to those published at 1060 nm 6 and 800 nm. 8 Results from day 3 of the study show loss of the ELM and the layered structure of the photoreceptors; the pairs of bright and dark bands, corresponding to the IS and OS, are no longer visible.…”

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confidence: 62%

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Combined optical coherence tomography and electroretinography system for in vivo simultaneous morphological and functional imaging of the rodent retina

et al. 2010

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Abstract.A combined ultrahigh resolution optical coherence tomography ͑UHROCT͒ and a electroretinography ͑ERG͒ system is presented for simultaneous imaging of the retinal structure and physiological response to light stimulation in the rodent eye. The 1060-nm UHROCT system provides ϳ3 ϫ 5 m ͑axialϫ lateral͒ resolution in the rat retina and time resolution of 22 s. A custom-designed light stimulator integrated into the UHROCT imaging probe provides light stimuli with user-selected color, duration, and intensity. The performance of the combined system is demonstrated in vivo in healthy rats, and in a rat model of drug-induced outer retinal degeneration. Experimental results show correlation between the observed structural and physiological changes in the healthy and degenerated retina. Neurodegenerative retinal diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration ͑AMD͒, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma, cause both morphological and physiological changes in the retina at different stages of their development. The dynamic relationship between structural and functional abnormalities in diseased retinas is still not well understood. Rodent ͑normal and transgenic mice, and rat͒ models of retinal diseases are well established research tools for studying the origins and stages of the progression of retinal diseases.1,2 Technologies such as confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy 3 ͑CSLO͒ and optical coherence tomography 4 ͑OCT͒ are currently used for in vivo morphological imaging of the rodent retina. Full-field electroretinography ͑ERG͒ recordings 5 are used for in vivo assessment of impaired physiological response of the retina to light stimulation in rodents. When multiple measurement modalities are applied sequentially to the same animal in a longitudinal study, direct correlation between the changes in retinal structure and physiological response in terms of their spatial location and time evolution is very challenging. Furthermore, sequential measurements increase the overall measurement time and require relocation and repositioning of the animal, which can interfere with the anesthesia.Here we present the first ͑to our knowledge͒ combined ultrahigh resolution optical coherence tomography ͑UHROCT͒ + ERG system, designed for simultaneous probing of retina structure and function in the rodent eye. The results presented here demonstrate the potential of the combined system to enable improved understanding of the dynamic relationship between structure, physiology and metabolism of healthy and diseased rodent retinas.A schematic of the combined imaging system is presented in Fig. 1͑a͒. The UHROCT system is based on a fiber optic Michelson interferometer connected to a superluminescent diode ͑SLD, Superlum Limited, County Cork, Ireland, c = 1020 nm, ⌬ = 108 nm͒. A system operating in the 1060 nm spectral region is chosen to insure that the imaging beam will not visually stimulate the retinal photoreceptors. Details about the UHROCT system core design and performance have been published previously.6 With a 2.5 mm imaging b...

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“…Details about the UHROCT system core design and performance have been published previously. 6 With a 2.5 mm imaging beam incident on the cornea, the resolution in the rat retina is 3 ϫ 5 m ͑axialϫ lateral͒. The UHROCT system sensitivity is 99 dB for 1.3 mW power at the rat cornea.…”

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Combined optical coherence tomography and electroretinography system for in vivo simultaneous morphological and functional imaging of the rodent retina

et al. 2010

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“…A research-grade, spectral domain OCT system, designed and built by our group for various imaging studies of the rodent retina, [17][18][19] was modified for use in this study ( Fig. 1).…”

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Correlation of Visually Evoked Functional and Blood Flow Changes in the Rat Retina Measured With a Combined OCT+ERG System

Tan

Mason

MacLellan

et al. 2017

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PURPOSE. To correlate visually evoked functional and blood flow changes in the rat retina measured simultaneously with a combined optical coherence tomography and electroretinography system (OCTþERG).METHODS. Male Brown Norway (n ¼ 6) rats were dark adapted and anesthetized with ketamine/xylazine. Visually evoked changes in the retinal blood flow (RBF) and functional response were measured simultaneously with an OCTþERG system with 3-lm axial resolution in retinal tissue and 47-kHz image acquisition rate. Both single flash (10 and 200 ms) and flicker (10 Hz, 20% duty cycle, 1-and 2-second duration) stimuli were projected onto the retina with a custom visual stimulator, integrated into the OCT imaging probe. Total axial RBF was calculated from circular Doppler OCT scans by integrating over the arterial and venal flow.RESULTS. Temporary increase in the RBF was observed with the 10-and 200-ms continuous stimuli (~1% and~4% maximum RBF change, respectively) and the 10-Hz flicker stimuli (~8% for 1-second duration and~10% for 2-second duration). Doubling the flicker stimulus duration resulted in~25% increase in the RBF peak magnitude with no significant change in the peak latency. Single flash (200 ms) and flicker (10 Hz, 1 second) stimuli of the same illumination intensity and photon flux resulted in~23 larger peak RBF magnitude and~25% larger RBF peak latency for the flicker stimulus.CONCLUSIONS. Short, single flash and flicker stimuli evoked measureable RBF changes with larger RBF magnitude and peak latency observed for the flicker stimuli.

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“…[22][23][24][25][26] This unique property of OCT has enabled longitudinal studies with rodents where high precision retinal thickness measurements and detailed visualization of volumetric morphological changes are required. [27][28][29][30] In addition to the structural information obtained from OCT, its functional extensions such as Doppler OCT, [31][32][33] and flow contrast OCT, [34][35][36][37] can be used to visualize the vascular network.…”

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Adaptive optics optical coherence tomography forin vivomouse retinal imaging

2013

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Abstract. Small animal models of retinal diseases are important to vision research, and noninvasive high resolution in vivo rodent retinal imaging is becoming an increasingly important tool used in this field. We present a custom Fourier domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) instrument for high resolution imaging of mouse retina. In order to overcome aberrations in the mouse eye, we incorporated a commercial adaptive optics system into the sample arm of the refractive FD-OCT system. Additionally, a commercially available refraction canceling lens was used to reduce lower order aberrations and specular back-reflection from the cornea. Performance of the adaptive optics (AO) system for correcting residual wavefront aberration in the mice eyes is presented. Results of AO FD-OCT images of mouse retina acquired in vivo with and without AO correction are shown as well. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

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Limiting factors to the OCT axial resolution for in-vivo imaging of human and rodent retina in the 1060nm wavelength range

Cited by 43 publications

References 24 publications

Combined optical coherence tomography and electroretinography system for in vivo simultaneous morphological and functional imaging of the rodent retina

Combined optical coherence tomography and electroretinography system for in vivo simultaneous morphological and functional imaging of the rodent retina

Correlation of Visually Evoked Functional and Blood Flow Changes in the Rat Retina Measured With a Combined OCT+ERG System

Adaptive optics optical coherence tomography forin vivomouse retinal imaging

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