Limited Link between Oxidative Stress and Ochratoxin A—Induced Renal Injury in an Acute Toxicity Rat Model

Zhu, Liye; Yu, Tao; Qi, Xiaozhe; Gao, Jing; Huang, Kunlun; He, Xiaoyun; Luo, Hanpeng; Xu, Wentao

doi:10.3390/toxins8120373

Cited by 38 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The detection of ROS in the embryos is therefore a very sensitive method to confirm that OTA is detrimental for zebrafish embryos. Oxidative stress has also been observed in OTA-treated rodents [ 34 , 35 , 36 ], although a link between ROS occurrence and detrimental effects, for example, renal toxicity was found to be low in an additional study on rats [ 37 ]. The mechanism by which OTA is able to increase ROS formation has not been fully explored so far.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of Ochratoxin to Early Life Stages of Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Tschirren

Siebenmann

Pietsch

2018

Toxins

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Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a known contaminant in fish feed but its effect on fish health remains rather unknown. A study was conducted to investigate the effects of different concentrations of ochratoxin on early life stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio). The tests with ochratoxin A showed a correlation between the exposure to mycotoxin and the amount of damage. The mortality rate and the incidents of embryonal damage was increased by increasing ochratoxin concentrations. The calculations resulted in a lethal concentration for 50% of the embryos (LC50) of 0.29 mg/L and a concentration at which 50% of the animals showed impairment (EC50) of 0.36 mg/L after 96 h of exposure. During the test, reduced heart rates were also observed revealing a clear dose-response relationship. The EC50 determination for this endpoint was 1.26 mg/L after 72 h of exposure. The measurement of oxidative stress was proven to be the most sensitive system to indicate OTA effects on the zebrafish embryos with an EC50 value of 0.067 mg/L after 72 h of exposure. The test validity was given because the control test with 3,4-Dichloroaniline (3,4-D) showed a LC50 value of 2.88 mg after 96 h of exposure which is comparable to the available reference values. According to the current knowledge, these experimental doses did not exceed the environmental concentrations of this ochratoxin A. However, this study raises concerns about the effects of ochratoxin on fish.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of Ochratoxin to Early Life Stages of Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Tschirren

Siebenmann

Pietsch

2018

Toxins

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“…However, until now, the OTA response to differences in species was far from clear [ 26 ]. Various in vivo and in vitro studies have identified several diverse metabolites of OTA in different species that could be the cause of slight differences from animals [ 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Therefore, the present study has been designed to investigate the efficacy of CURC on OTA-induced hepatotoxicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidative Effects of Curcumin on the Hepatotoxicity Induced by Ochratoxin A in Rats

et al. 2021

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Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a powerful mycotoxin found in various foods and feedstuff, responsible for subchronic and chronic toxicity, such as nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, teratogenicity, and immunotoxicity to both humans and several animal species. The severity of the liver damage caused depends on both dose and duration of exposure. Several studies have suggested that oxidative stress might contribute to increasing the hepatotoxicity of OTA, and several antioxidants, including curcumin (CURC), have been tested to counteract the toxic hepatic action of OTA in various classes of animals. Therefore, the present study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of CURC, a bioactive compound with different therapeutic properties on hepatic injuries caused by OTA in rat animal models. CURC effects were examined in Sprague Dawley rats treated with CURC (100 mg/kg), alone or in combination with OTA (0.5 mg/kg), by gavage daily for 14 days. At the end of the experiment, rats treated with OTA showed alterations in biochemical parameters and oxidative stress in the liver. CURC dosing significantly attenuated oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation versus the OTA group. Furthermore, liver histological tests showed that CURC reduced the multifocal lymphoplasmacellular hepatitis, the periportal fibrosis, and the necrosis observed in the OTA group. This study provides evidence that CURC can preserve OTA-induced oxidative damage in the liver of rats.

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“…In this study, we used the immunohistochemical marker PCNA to determine the effects of repeated stress on the proliferative capacity of thymocytes. PCNA is a nuclear protein associated with the cell cycle [20]. The positive PCNA signals in the thymus, particularly in the cortical part, were significantly lower in stressed animals compared to the controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Changes in mouse thymus after exposure to tube-restraint stress

Drljača

Vejnović

Miljković

et al. 2020

ARCH BIOL SCI BELGRA

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The thymus is the primary lymphoid organ involved in the regulation of the immune and endocrine systems. It is particularly sensitive to various types of stress, which induce its atrophy. This study deals with the effect of repeated restraint stress on the weight, proliferation and apoptosis of the thymus in mice. During restraint, the animals were placed in 50-mL conical plastic tubes for 2 h every day for either 10 or 20 consecutive days. A significant reduction in thymus weight along with decreased cellularity and pronounced atrophy of the cortical part of the thymus was observed in animals exposed to repeated tube-restraint stress for 10 and 20 consecutive days. The observed changes in the thymus were the same, regardless of the number of days of exposure to stress. These findings provide a more comprehensive view of repeated tube-restraint, with special emphasis on its duration on stress-induced thymus atrophy. The presented findings could serve as a basis for further studies aimed at identifying the mechanisms responsible for the adaptive response of the thymus after repeated exposure to stress.

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Limited Link between Oxidative Stress and Ochratoxin A—Induced Renal Injury in an Acute Toxicity Rat Model

Cited by 38 publications

References 57 publications

Toxicity of Ochratoxin to Early Life Stages of Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Toxicity of Ochratoxin to Early Life Stages of Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Antioxidative Effects of Curcumin on the Hepatotoxicity Induced by Ochratoxin A in Rats

Changes in mouse thymus after exposure to tube-restraint stress

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