Limited genetic polymorphism of the Plasmodium vivax low molecular weight rhoptry protein complex in the Colombian population

Garzón‐Ospina, Diego; Romero-Murillo, Liza; Patarroyo, Manuel A.

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2009.12.004

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Therefore, the immune response must be directed against conserved regions to avoid different parasite strains evading immunity, thereby reducing vaccine efficacy. According to the selection signal identification strategy, low genetic diversity was found in the GAMA-encoding gene, comparable to that observed in msp4 [55, 56], msp7A/7 K/7 F/7 L [57, 58], msp8 [59], msp10 [57, 59], pv12 , pv38 [22, 24], pv41 [23, 24], rap1/2 [60] and ron4 [48] which seem involved in host cell invasion. Despite the lack of statistically significant values for d N -d S difference, K S divergence amongst species was greater than K N , suggesting negative selection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

PvGAMA reticulocyte binding activity: predicting conserved functional regions by natural selection analysis

et al. 2017

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BackgroundAdhesin proteins are used by Plasmodium parasites to bind and invade target cells. Hence, characterising molecules that participate in reticulocyte interaction is key to understanding the molecular basis of Plasmodium vivax invasion. This study focused on predicting functionally restricted regions of the P. vivax GPI-anchored micronemal antigen (PvGAMA) and characterising their reticulocyte binding activity.ResultsThe pvgama gene was initially found in P. vivax VCG-I strain schizonts. According to the genetic diversity analysis, PvGAMA displayed a size polymorphism very common for antigenic P. vivax proteins. Two regions along the antigen sequence were highly conserved among species, having a negative natural selection signal. Interestingly, these regions revealed a functional role regarding preferential target cell adhesion.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this study describes PvGAMA reticulocyte binding properties for the first time. Conserved functional regions were predicted according to natural selection analysis and their binding ability was confirmed. These findings support the notion that PvGAMA may have an important role in P. vivax merozoite adhesion to its target cells.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2183-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

PvGAMA reticulocyte binding activity: predicting conserved functional regions by natural selection analysis

et al. 2017

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“…However, there was not much difference between the π values of exon 1 of the old strains (0.0123) and recent isolates (0.00915). Interspecies comparison (Table 2 ) showed that the nucleotide diversity of Pk RAP-1was 3-fold higher than of Pf RAP-1 [ 7 ] and 14-fold higher than of Pv RAP-1 [ 18 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, both the old strains and recent isolates showed negative selection in exon 2 and neutral selection in exon 1. The Pk RAP-1 (π: 0.01298) was observed to be relatively more diverse than Pf RAP-1 (π: 0.0041) [ 7 ] and Pv RAP-1 (π: 0.00088) [ 18 ]. A similar finding was reported for rhoptry bulb proteins [ 5 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity and natural selection in the rhoptry-associated protein 1 (RAP-1) of recent Plasmodium knowlesi clinical isolates from Malaysia

Rawa

Fong

Lau

2016

Malar J

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BackgroundThe Plasmodium rhoptry-associated protein 1 (RAP-1) plays a role in the formation of the parasitophorous vacuole following the parasite’s invasion of red blood cells. Although there is some evidence that the protein is recognized by the host’s immune system, study of Plasmodium falciparum RAP-1 (PfRAP-1) suggests that it is not under immune pressure. A previous study on five old (1953–1962) P. knowlesi strains suggested that RAP-1 has limited genetic polymorphism and might be under negative selection. In the present study, 30 recent P. knowlesi isolates were studied to obtain a better insight into the polymorphism and natural selection of PkRAP-1.MethodsBlood samples from 30 knowlesi malaria patients were used. These samples were collected between 2010 and 2014. The PkRAP-1 gene, which contains two exons, was amplified by PCR, cloned into Escherichia coli and sequenced. Genetic diversity and phylogenetic analyses were performed using MEGA6 and DnaSP ver. 5.10.00 programs.ResultsThirty PkRAP-1 sequences were obtained. The nucleotide diversity (π) of exons 1, 2 and the total coding region (0.00915, 0.01353 and 0.01298, respectively) were higher than those of the old strains. Further analysis revealed a lower rate of non-synonymous (dN) than synonymous (dS) mutations, suggesting negative (purifying) selection of PkRAP-1. Tajima’s D test and Fu and Li’s D test values were not significant. At the amino acid level, 22 haplotypes were established with haplotype H7 having the highest frequency (7/34, 20.5 %). In the phylogenetic analysis, two distinct haplotype groups were observed. The first group contained the majority of the haplotypes, whereas the second had fewer haplotypes.ConclusionsThe present study found higher genetic polymorphism in the PkRAP-1 gene than the polymorphism level reported in a previous study. This observation may stem from the difference in sample size between the present (n = 30) and the previous (n = 5) study. Synonymous and non-synonymous mutation analysis indicated purifying (negative) selection of the gene. The separation of PkRAP-1haplotypes into two groups provides further evidence to the postulation of two distinct P. knowlesi types or lineages.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12936-016-1127-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…The most recent study identified polymorphisms in a rhoptry associated protein as part of vaccine candidate exploration. In this, only 11 samples were included from the northwest of the country (Garzon-Ospina et al, 2010). In 2008, Cristiano et al published a study on the characteristics of pvmsp3α , a gene which has been reported by others as polymorphic and useful to characterize parasite populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High genetic polymorphism of relapsing P. vivax isolates in northwest Colombia

et al. 2011

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Graphical abstractHighlights► Microsatellite markers were used to genotype P. vivax in of Colombia. ► A total 54 haplotypes in 58 paired (primary-recurrence/relapse) samples were found. ► Polymorphism in samples from endemic area was high. ► Relapsing and primary isolates had a different genetic conformation. ► The selected markers are useful to study P. vivax populations in the country.

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Limited genetic polymorphism of the Plasmodium vivax low molecular weight rhoptry protein complex in the Colombian population

Cited by 16 publications

References 30 publications

PvGAMA reticulocyte binding activity: predicting conserved functional regions by natural selection analysis

PvGAMA reticulocyte binding activity: predicting conserved functional regions by natural selection analysis

Genetic diversity and natural selection in the rhoptry-associated protein 1 (RAP-1) of recent Plasmodium knowlesi clinical isolates from Malaysia

High genetic polymorphism of relapsing P. vivax isolates in northwest Colombia

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