Limited and digestive proteolysis: crosstalk between evolutionary conserved pathways

Abstract

Contents 958I.958II.959III.960IV.962V.962962References963 Summary Proteases can either digest target proteins or perform the so‐called ‘limited proteolysis’ by cleaving polypeptide chains at specific site(s). Autophagy and the ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) are two main mechanisms carrying out digestive proteolysis. While the net outcome of digestive proteolysis is the loss of function of protein substrates, limited proteolysis can additionally lead to gain or switch of function. Recent evidence of crosstalk between autophagy, UPS and limited proteolysis indicates that these pathways are parts of the same proteolytic nexus. Here, we focus on three emerging themes within this area: limited proteolysis as a mechanism modulating autophagy; interplay between autophagy and UPS, including autophagic degradation of proteasomes (proteophagy); and specificity of protein degradation during bulk autophagy.

Functional Analysis of MaWRKY24 in Transcriptional Activation of Autophagy-Related Gene 8f/g and Plant Disease Susceptibility to Soil-Borne Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense

“…Briefly, autophagy breaks down the damaged cytoplasmic constituents in a cell and recycles the cellular cytoplasmic components [57]. Autophagy is coordinated by evolutionarily conserved ATGs that are essential for biotic and abiotic stress responses [58][59][60][61][62]. For example, autophagic activity is induced by necrotrophic fungal pathogens [63,64].…”

Remorin interacting with PCaP1 impairs Turnip mosaic virus intercellular movement but is antagonised by VPg

“…Not surprisingly, NbREM1.1 and OsREM1.4 are degraded via an autophagy pathway mediated by the interaction with NSvc4, a MP encoded by RSV (Fu et al, 2018). Autophagy, along with the 26S ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), are two main proteolytic pathways (Minina et al, 2017;Bozhkov, 2018;Zhuang et al, 2018) and play important roles in response to viral infection (Liu et al, 2005;Nakahara et al, 2012;Jia et al, 2016;Hafr en et al, 2017;Haxim et al, 2017;Fu et al, 2018;Hafr en et al, 2018;Li et al, 2018). For example, to enhance TuMV infection, the suppressor of gene silencing 3 (SGS3) is degraded via both UPS and autophagy pathways mediated by the interaction with the potyviral genome-linked protein (VPg) (Cheng & Wang, 2017).…”

Chemical Screening Pipeline for Identification of Specific Plant Autophagy Modulators

“…Autophagy is a key regulator of cellular homeostasis and plays an essential role in abiotic and biotic stress responses, fecundity, aging, and cell death (Minina et al, 2013(Minina et al, , 2014(Minina et al, , 2017Dagdas et al, 2016;Avin-Wittenberg et al, 2018;Ustun et al, 2018). The autophagy pathway comprises selective or bulk sequestration of cytosolic contents into doublemembraned vesicles known as autophagosomes and their delivery to the lytic compartment, where autophagy activity (or autophagic flux) completes with the degradation of the delivered cargo (Ohsumi, 2014).…”