Limitations of the Usefulness of the<i>d</i>-Xylose Absorption Test

Krawitt, Edward L.; Beeken, Warren L.

doi:10.1093/ajcp/63.2.261

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…An early oral challenge study showed that barley ingestion resulted in reduced d ‐xylose excretion in six of 10 patients 5 . However, the d ‐xylose test has been shown to be unreliable and lacking in specificity when detecting patients with mucosal damage compared to patients with normal jejunal mucosa 6, 7 . Another oral challenge study examined the effect of barley and rye on five and two treated coeliac patients, respectively, a decrease in disaccharidase enzyme levels in the jejunal biopsies of all patients was found, as was a reduction in mucosal surface to volume ratio in the jejunal biopsies of six of the seven coeliac patients 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barley and rye prolamins induce an mRNA interferon‐γ response in coeliac mucosa

Bracken

Kilmartin

Wieser

et al. 2006

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barley and rye prolamins induce an mRNA interferon‐γ response in coeliac mucosa

Bracken

Kilmartin

Wieser

et al. 2006

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A few reports showed a low specificity of the Dxylose test even with 25 g D-xylose using colorimetry. 25,26 Use of 5 g D-xylose has been reported to show less ability to discriminate between patients with and without MAS. 4,27 In a few studies, the mean value of Dxylose estimated in urine using colorimetry was found to be in an abnormally low range with 5 g D-xylose in healthy subjects.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

¹H NMR spectroscopic method for diagnosis of malabsorption syndrome: a pilot study

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Despite its well-documented limitations, colorimetry has been commonly used for the d-xylose test in the diagnosis of malabsorption syndrome (MAS). With a possibility of overcoming its limitations, the use of (1)H NMR spectroscopy for D-xylose test is explored herein. Urine samples from 35 adults with suspected MAS were obtained before and after oral ingestion of D-xylose. The diagnosis of MAS was based on fecal fat (72 h excretion using Van de Kamer's technique, normal < 7 g/24 h and/or Sudan III stain of spot stool specimen, normalor=1 g/5 g/5 h). In vitro experiments on the standard specimens of D-xylose were also performed independently using both methods. Colorimetry showed a lower value for the quantity of D-xylose excreted in urine than NMR [median 0.73 (0.17-1.89 g) vs 1.37 (0.17-3.23 g), respectively; p<0.0001, Wilcoxon's signed ranks test]. Colorimetry and NMR correctly diagnosed 11/12 and 10/12 (p=N.S.) patients with MAS and 14/23 and 20/23 (p<0.05) without MAS, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of colorimetry and NMR were 91.6 and 60.7% vs 83.3 and 86.9%, respectively. In in vitro experiments, the values obtained for standard xylose using NMR showed a maximum error of 7%, whereas the colorimetric method showed 20%. The NMR method is simple and may be more accurate for the D-xylose absorption test. Colorimetry was found to be inferior as compared with NMR due to its low specificity.

show abstract

“…In such cases bacterial overgrowth would reduce the amount of the substrate that is absorbed. For example, d-xylose is a substrate often employed to measure absorption by the small bowel, and bacterial overgrowth is a recognized cause of low urine recovery or low peak serum concentrations of xylose [13].…”

Section: Measurement Of Products Of Bacterial Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of small bowel bacterial overgrowth

Schiller

2007

Curr Gastroenterol Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Small bowel bacterial overgrowth historically has been associated with malabsorption syndrome attributed to deconjugation of bile acids in the upper small intestine. Recent reports raise the possibility that bacterial overgrowth may be a cause of watery diarrhea or irritable bowel syndrome. Quantitative culture of jejunal contents has been the gold standard for diagnosis, but a variety of indirect tests have been developed (and mostly discarded) over the years in an attempt to facilitate the diagnosis of small bowel bacterial overgrowth. These include breath tests and biochemical tests based on bacterial metabolism of various substrates. Problems with these indirect tests include rapid transit, which may cause substrate to reach the luxuriant bacterial flora in the colon, producing false positives and vagaries of the tests themselves, which may produce falsely negative results. The perfect test for small bowel bacterial overgrowth is yet to be devised.

show abstract

Limitations of the Usefulness of thed-Xylose Absorption Test

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Barley and rye prolamins induce an mRNA interferon‐γ response in coeliac mucosa

Barley and rye prolamins induce an mRNA interferon‐γ response in coeliac mucosa

¹H NMR spectroscopic method for diagnosis of malabsorption syndrome: a pilot study

Evaluation of small bowel bacterial overgrowth

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Limitations of the Usefulness of thed-Xylose Absorption Test

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Barley and rye prolamins induce an mRNA interferon‐γ response in coeliac mucosa

Barley and rye prolamins induce an mRNA interferon‐γ response in coeliac mucosa

1H NMR spectroscopic method for diagnosis of malabsorption syndrome: a pilot study

Evaluation of small bowel bacterial overgrowth

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

¹H NMR spectroscopic method for diagnosis of malabsorption syndrome: a pilot study