Limitations of cognitive control on emotional distraction – Congruency in the Color Stroop task does not modulate the Emotional Stroop effect

Straub, Elisa; Schmidts, Constantin; Kunde, Wilfried; Zhang, Jinhui; Kiesel, Andrea; Dignath, David

doi:10.3758/s13415-021-00935-4

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 90 publications

(130 reference statements)

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“…Failure to inhibit these cognitive responses may result in attention being directed towards the stimuli and triggering the impulse for behavioural response. This, in turn, may contribute to the ongoing maintenance of the disorder by reinforcing maladaptive cognitions and impairing behaviour-change processes [ 81 , 118 , 119 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overlap of eating disorders and neurodivergence: the role of inhibitory control

Norton,

Sheen,

Burns

et al. 2024

BMC Psychiatry

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Background Difficulties with inhibitory control have been identified in eating disorders (EDs) and neurodevelopmental disorders (NDs; including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder), and there appear to be parallels between the expression of these impairments. It is theorised that impairments in inhibitory control within NDs may represent a unique vulnerability for eating disorders (EDs), and this same mechanism may contribute to poorer treatment outcomes. This review seeks to determine the state of the literature concerning the role of inhibitory control in the overlap of EDs and neurodivergence. Method A scoping review was conducted to summarise extant research, and to identify gaps in the existing knowledge base. Scopus, Medline, PsycInfo, Embase, and ProQuest were systematically searched. Studies were included if the study measured traits of ADHD or autism, and symptoms of ED, and required participants to complete a performance task measure of inhibitory control. Where studies included a cohort with both an ND and ED, these results had to be reported separately from cohorts with a singular diagnosis. Studies were required to be published in English, within the last 10 years. Results No studies explored the relationship between autism and EDs using behavioural measures of inhibitory control. Four studies exploring the relationship between ADHD and EDs using behavioural measures of inhibitory control met selection criteria. These studies showed a multifaceted relationship between these conditions, with differences emerging between domains of inhibitory control. ADHD symptoms predicted poorer performance on measures of response inhibition in a non-clinical sample; this was not replicated in clinical samples, nor was there a significant association with EDs. Both ADHD and ED symptoms are associated with poor performance on attentional control measures; where these diagnoses were combined, performance was worse than for those with a singular diagnosis of ADHD. This was not replicated when compared to those with only ED diagnoses. Conclusion Impairments in attentional control may represent a unique vulnerability for the development of an ED and contribute to poor treatment outcomes. Further research is needed to explore the role of inhibitory control in EDs, ADHD and autism, including the use of both self-report and behavioural measures to capture the domains of inhibitory control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overlap of eating disorders and neurodivergence: the role of inhibitory control

Norton,

Sheen,

Burns

et al. 2024

BMC Psychiatry

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“…The emotional Stroop task is a well-established paradigm based on the classic Stroop task [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. The aim of this task is to evaluate the interference between emotional stimuli and cognitive processes [ 4 ]. Different to the classic Stroop task, in the emotional Stroop task the words presented are emotionally loaded [ 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Pain and Emotional Stroop: A Systematic Review

Amaro-Díaz

Montoro

Fischer-Jbali

et al. 2022

JCM

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Chronic pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience that persists for more than 3 months and is often accompanied by symptoms such as depression, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and cognitive impairment. Emotional dysregulation may also be involved in its etiology. Emotions are known to modulate the experience of pain by influencing cognition and behavior (emotional awareness, emotional expression and experience, and verbalizations). A useful task to explore emotional processing and emotional dysregulation is the emotional Stroop task. Despite the large number of studies using this task, their objectives are diverse; it is necessary to integrate them. The main objective of the present systematic review was to determine the extent of the abnormalities in behavioral performance (including attentional biases) and/or brain alterations in patients with chronic pain during the emotional Stroop task. This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Cochrane Collaboration guidelines and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. The protocol was previously registered in the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) international database. The selected articles were extracted from the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Fifteen studies were identified as eligible for systematic review. The studies reported alterations in brain regions related to pain and emotional regulation, as well as attentional bias and higher response time latencies (related to the words’ emotional load) in patients with chronic pain. The results confirm the validity of the emotional Stroop task to measure emotions and selective attention. As attentional bias towards negative information is often seen in chronic pain patients, and given the relation between selective attention and greater activation of the brain areas associated with pain and emotional processing, this type of task plays a crucial role in research on emotional and attentional processes among chronic pain patients. Further, attentional bias towards negative information has been associated with higher levels of pain. Taken together, the results suggest the need for cognitive training and an emotional approach to chronic pain therapies, especially targeting attentional biases and negative mood.

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