Limitations and Advantages of Raman Spectroscopy for the Determination of Oxidation Stresses

Hou, P.Y.; Ager, Joel W.; Mougin, Julie; Galerie, A.

doi:10.1007/s11085-011-9235-9

Cited by 33 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The surface exhibits a classical microcrystallised morphology and reveals the grain boundaries of the metallic substrate (typically 20 mm in diameter). The micro-crystallised scale which covers the entire surface was analysed by Raman spectroscopy and revealed the presence of chromia (peak at~560 cm -1 ) [13][14][15][16] and Cr,Mn-spinel (peak at~680 cm -1 ). 13,16,17 The duplex structure of this scale was evidenced by EDX In addition to the regular scale, egg shaped nodules (diameter in the micrometer range) are observed above the alloy grain boundaries (the smallest ones) as well as above the heart of the metallic grains (the largest ones).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible connection between nodule development and presence of niobium and/or titanium during short time thermal oxidation of AISI 441 stainless steel in wet atmosphere

Wongpromrat

Parry

Charlot

et al. 2015

Materials at High Temperatures

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International audienceAISI 441 ferritic stainless steel is a good candidate for metallic interconnects of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). In this alloy, the minor elements Ti and Nb are used to stabilise the ferritic structure but their influence on steel durability is not well understood. This study focuses on the early stages of oxidation (24 h) at 800 degrees C of AISI 441 under 5% H2O in O-2 following the cathodic SOFCs conditions. The typical duplex oxide scale, composed of a (Mn, Cr)(3)O-4 spinel top layer and a Cr2O3 rich sublayer is observed, with oxide nodules growing in places. These objects, in the micrometre range in size, are studied by FIB tomography. The analyses reveal a complex structure and a development strongly linked to the presence of niobium and/ or titanium compound(s) in the subjacent substrate

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible connection between nodule development and presence of niobium and/or titanium during short time thermal oxidation of AISI 441 stainless steel in wet atmosphere

Wongpromrat

Parry

Charlot

et al. 2015

Materials at High Temperatures

Self Cite

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“…The Raman peaks shift to higher frequency for a compressive stress and to lower frequency for a tensile stress . However, the Raman peaks are much broader and the Raman intensities are several magnitudes weaker compared with the ruby fluorescence . It should be noted that the beam absorption in the scale determines the depth of probe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Measurement of the Stress in Oxide Scales Developed Upon Oxidation of a Pt‐Based Alloy in Air at 1250°C

Odusote

Cornish

Chown

et al. 2013

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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The nature and magnitude of stress in the scales formed on Pt‐11Al‐3Cr‐2Ru (at.%) alloy oxidized in air at 1250°C, for up to 500 h, were determined. This is to establish their long‐term viability during high‐temperature applications. Residual stress in the scales was measured using luminescence piezospectroscopy and found to be compressive. It decreased gradually with increased oxidation time, before reaching a constant value. The compressive stress was also found to be lower than those of other Ni‐ and Fe‐based superalloys. Thus, the current alloy has a promising potential for high‐temperature applications.

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“…The existing of stresses is the most important reason to ruin oxide scales and lose the oxidation resistance, so it greatly influenced on the life of superalloys in service. For a long time, researchers all over the world studied a lot for oxide scale stresses, many creative techniques were developed, among which pulling test [1-3], X-ray diffraction [4][5][6], and Raman spectroscopy [7][8][9] were the typical ones, making great efforts to study the generating mechanism of stresses and evaluate the protecting life of oxide scales for superalloys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real Time Test in situ of Superalloy Oxide Scale Stress by Archimedes Curve Slice Moment Technique

Wang¹,

Zheng²,

Yu³

2017

Metallofiz. Noveishie Tekhnol.

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Stress is the direct cause of surface oxide scale exfoliation to ruin the protection for alloy matrix. Therefore, it is the key to study oxide scale mechanical behaviour for discovering the oxidation resistance of alloys. In this paper, a new kind of experimental method 'Archimedes curve slice moment technique' is studied to test in situ the real time oxide scale stress of ferro-based superalloy K273 during all the high-temperature oxidation. By the derived formula, the oxide scale stress  can be calculated precisely only by observing Archimedes curve slice real-time polar radius OC. Having been oxidated for 5 hours at 800C, the oxide scale stress versus oxidation time is regressed to follow parabola equation strictly. As the oxides grow and the inner new oxides form in scales to press each other, the oxide scale stress is generated. Analysed by SEM, EDS and XRD, the oxide scale is compact composite structure made up of Cr 2 O 3 and spinel (Fe, Ni, Mn)Cr 2 O 4 . The less oxide scale stress increment brings about the lower oxidation weight gain rate and the better oxidation resistance. Improved by the use of vacuum system, the Archimedes curve slice moment technique is going to test the oxide scale growing and thermal stresses qualitatively and quantitatively in situ all the time at high temperature.Key words: ferro-based superalloy, oxide scale stress, oxidation resistance, Ключові слова: суперстоп на основі заліза, напруження, що виникають через циндру, стійкість до окиснення, Архімедова крива.Напряжения являются непосредственной причиной отслоения припо-верхностной окалины, что приводит к разрушению защиты матрицы сплава. Следовательно, изучение механического поведения окалины яв-ляется ключом к выяснению стойкости сплавов к окислению. В данной работе рассматривается новая экспериментальная методика измерения скручивающего момента для тонкого слоя материала, вырезанного по кривой Архимеда, служащая для in situ изучения в режиме реального времени напряжений, возникающих за счёт окалины, в суперсплаве на основе железа K273 в течение всего высокотемпературного окисления. Согласно полученному выражению, для точного расчёта в режиме реаль-ного времени напряжений , возникающих из-за окалины, достаточно лишь наблюдения за полярным радиусом OC образца, вырезанного по кривой Архимеда. При исследовании процесса окисления на протяжении 5 часов при температуре 800C зависимость напряжений из-за окалины от времени окисления была сведена к уравнению параболы. По мере роста оксида и формирования новых внутренних его слоёв, давящих друг на друга, генерируются напряжения за счёт окалины. Анализ, проведённый методами СЭМ, ЭРС и РДА, показал, что окалина уплотняется в компо-зитную структуру, состоящую из Cr 2 O 3 и шпинели (Fe, Ni, Mn)Cr 2 O 4 . REAL TIME TEST IN SITU OF SUPERALLOY OXIDE SCALE STRESS 1637Уменьшение напряжений, возникающих за счёт окалины, приводит к более низкой скорости окисления и повышению стойкости к окислению. Улучшенная использованием вакуумной системы методика in situ изме-рения скручивающего момента...

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Limitations and Advantages of Raman Spectroscopy for the Determination of Oxidation Stresses

Cited by 33 publications

References 34 publications

Possible connection between nodule development and presence of niobium and/or titanium during short time thermal oxidation of AISI 441 stainless steel in wet atmosphere

Possible connection between nodule development and presence of niobium and/or titanium during short time thermal oxidation of AISI 441 stainless steel in wet atmosphere

Measurement of the Stress in Oxide Scales Developed Upon Oxidation of a Pt‐Based Alloy in Air at 1250°C

Real Time Test in situ of Superalloy Oxide Scale Stress by Archimedes Curve Slice Moment Technique

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