Limewater Absorption and Calcite Crystal Formation on a Limewater-Impregnated Secco Wall Painting

Nanoparticles for Cultural Heritage Conservation: Calcium and Barium Hydroxide Nanoparticles for Wall Painting Consolidation

“…Although calcium hydroxide is one of the most ancient and widely used building materials, its application as consolidation agent of wall paintings is insignificant. [8] There is no doubt that lime ensures the highest physicochemical compatibility with the work of art and it should be preferred when degradation results from loss of calcium carbonate. Nevertheless, the low solubility of calcium hydroxide in water (about 1 g L À1 ) has hindered its use for years.…”

Nanolime for the consolidation of lime mortars: A comparison of three available products

“…Price's research has led some stone conservators to be skeptical of this treatment. Nonetheless, Brajer [8] demonstrated that a prolonged uninterrupted application produces a noticeable consolidation effect and some authors brought up new perspectives to its practical work such as the use of lime poultices and of an increased number of limewater applications [3,9,10].…”

Consolidation of weak lime mortars by means of saturated solution of calcium hydroxide or barium hydroxide

“…Only the most relevant experimental studies are mentioned, leaving aside reviews [5], theoretical works analysing, for example, very important questions of binding mechanisms [6,7], and also papers illustrating confusions in terminology (lime water against lime wash) [8] or presenting discussions and arguments against the application of lime water for consolidating mortar and stone [9]. The effect of lime water applied in situ for restoring wall paintings on lime mortar rendering has been investigated by I. Brajer and N. Kalsbeek [10]. These researchers systematically tested lime water treatments from the point of view of the application procedure, the number of applications (20-70 cycles), dosage and maturation.…”