Limbic system abnormalities associated with mesial temporal sclerosis: a model of chronic cerebral changes due to seizures.

Chan, Stephen; Erickson, JR; Yoon, S S

doi:10.1148/radiographics.17.5.9308104

Cited by 54 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…Long-term abnormal electrical activity in the patients with temporal lobe epilepsy causes damage to extratemporal structures as well as the hippocampus [14]. This phenomenon is well known as diaschisis, in which a focal brain lesion influences both the function and morphology of the intact regions remote from, but connected to, the primary injury [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been previously suggested that neuronal damage in the hippocampus may cause atrophy of the ipsilateral limbic system as a result of transneuronal degeneration. Cakirer et al reported that this finding was found on MR images in 21.9% of the patients with medically intractable epilepsy [12]; however, there have been only limited studies concerning transneuronal degeneration of the limbic system in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy [13,14,15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transneuronal degeneration in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy: evaluation by MR imaging

et al. 2003

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The aim of this study was to assess the MR imaging findings of transneuronal degeneration of limbic system in the patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, and to detect the influence of surgery on the anatomy of the limbic system. Axial and coronal T1- and T2-weighted MR images were retrospectively analyzed in 34 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, focusing on transneuronal degeneration. In 17 of the 34 patients, MR images were also analyzed after selective amygdalo-hippocampectomy. Atrophy of the fornix, mamillary body, mamillothalamic tract (MTT), and thalamus ipsilateral to the epileptic focus was demonstrated on MR images in 14.7, 17.6, 8.8, and 11.8% of the 34 patients, respectively. Focal hyperintensity of the thalamus was found on T2-weighted images in 8.8% of the 34 patients. In 17 patients who were evaluated before and after surgery, transneuronal degeneration was seen more frequently after surgery: fornix (11.8 vs 29.4%), mamillary body (11.8 vs 52.9%), MTT (5.9 vs 11.8%), and thalamus (11.8 vs 11.8%). Transneuronal degeneration of the limbic system is clearly demonstrated by MR imaging in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, and surgical intervention induces transneuronal degeneration more frequently.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transneuronal degeneration in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy: evaluation by MR imaging

et al. 2003

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“…As predicted, the most common structural abnormalities encountered in patients studied to date have been volume loss and signal abnormality in the HF, suggesting MTS, a common pathological substrate found in patients with both epilepsy and amnesia (84). Although extrahippocampal findings associated with MTS have been reported in the neuropathology literature, these changes have only recently been investigated by MRI (85)(86)(87). Structural abnormalities in patients with MTS are found in other limbic system structures, mainly fornix and mammillary bodies, most likely because of the direct connection to the hippocampus.…”

Section: Imagingmentioning

confidence: 97%

Severe Amnesia in Epilepsy: Causes, Anatomopsychological Considerations, and Treatment

Guerreiro

Jones‐Gotman

Andermann

et al. 2001

Epilepsy & Behavior

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“…[16] Secondary MRI findings of HS include: atrophy of structures of the limbic system, such as amygdala, ipsilateral mammillary body, entorhinal cortex, ipsilateral fornix, posterior thalamus, cingulate gyrus and contralateral cerebellum. [17,18] Atrophy-signal alterations of the contralateral hippo- Sagittal images parallel to the long axis of hippocampus 1) T2WI 3D: no gap, FOV = 230x230, voxel size = 1,5x1,5x1,5 mm, TR = 1800 ms, TE shortest. 2) FLAIR 3D (fat-suppressed = spectral-attenuated inversion recovery): FOV: 250x250, voxel size = 1,2x1,2x1,0 mm, TR = 4800 ms, TE shortest, TI = 1650 ms.…”

Section: Mtle With Hippocampal Sclerosis (Hs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroimaging in Focal Epilepsies: An Update

Cendes¹

2016

Epilepsi

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SummaryEpilepsy is a common neurologic disorder with diverse etiologies. Appropriate MRI investigation has an important role in the assessment of epilepsy. Specific protocols are required for recognition of epileptogenic lesions, particularly for recognition of subtle lesions. In patients with refractory epilepsy and "normal MRI, " multimodal imaging techniques are crucial in the definition of epilepsy etiology, including those that combine metabolic and functional investigation, such as fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), single-photonemission computed tomography (SPECT), diffusion MRI and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Familiarity with various protocols of imaging studies is required for optimized investigation of seizure etiology. Main features found in MRIs of patients with focal epilepsies are discussed in the present review, as are alternative protocols and techniques of imaging that may optimize neuroimaging investigation in patients with epilepsy. The findings described have a direct impact on treatment and prognosis counseling of patients with focal epilepsies.Keywords: Focal epilepsies; neuroimaging. ÖzetEpilepsi, çeşitli etiyolojileri olan yaygın bir nörolojik rahatsızlıktır. Epilepsi değerlendirmesinde uygun manyetik rezonans görüntüleme (MRG) incelemeleri önemli bir role sahiptir. Epileptojenik lezyonların, özellikle güç alıgılanılan lezyonların teşhisi için spesifik protokollere ihtiyaç vardır. Dirençli epilepsisi olan ve "normal MRG" sonuçlarına sahip hastalarda florodeoksiglikoz-pozitron emsiyon tomografisi (FG-PET), tek föton emisyon bilgisayarlı tomografi (SPECT), difüzyon MRG ve manyetik rezonans spektroskopisi (MRS) gibi metabolik ve fonksiyonel incelemeleri de birleştiren multimodal görüntüleme yöntemleri epilepsi etiyolojisini tanımlamada önem taşımaktadır. Görüntüleme yöntemlerinin farklı protokollerine aşina olmak nöbet etiyolojisinin optimize incelemesi açısından gereklidir. Biz bu çalışmada, fokal epilepsisi olan hastaların MRG incelemesinde bulunan başlıca özellikleri tartışacağız. Ayrıca, epilepsisi olan hastaların nörolojik görüntüleme ile yapılan incelemelerini en uygun hale getirebilecek farklı görüntüleme yöntemleri ve alternatif protokolleri de tartışacağız. Burada tanımlanan bulguların, fokal epilepsisi olan hastaların tedavisi ve prognoz danışmanlığı üzerine doğrudan bir etkisi olacaktır.Anahtar sözcükler: Fokal epilepsi; nörolojik görüntüleme.

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Limbic system abnormalities associated with mesial temporal sclerosis: a model of chronic cerebral changes due to seizures.

Cited by 54 publications

References 0 publications

Transneuronal degeneration in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy: evaluation by MR imaging

Transneuronal degeneration in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy: evaluation by MR imaging

Severe Amnesia in Epilepsy: Causes, Anatomopsychological Considerations, and Treatment

Neuroimaging in Focal Epilepsies: An Update

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